Effect of Black Sea bream extracts on cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation

We investigated the effect of black sea bream extracts on changes in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatorycytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in murine splenocytes. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines[interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-12/IL-23(p40) and IL-17A] and anti-inflammatory cytokines[IL-4, IL-10 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)] were assessed. Incubation of murine splenocytes with acetone+methylenechloride (A+M) and methanol (MeOH) extracts significantly decreased LPS-induced IL-6, IL-12/IL-23(p40) andIL-17A productions after 6 h incubation (p < 0.05). The A+M and MeOH extracts significantly increased LPS-inducedIL-4 and IFN-γ productions at 48 and 72 h incubation (p < 0.05). Treatment with A+M extract resulted insignificantly higher IL-10 production in splenocytes after 72 h (p < 0.05). Conclusively, black sea bream extracts wereshown to be efficient in falling several pro-inflammatory cytokines while rising anti-inflammatory cytokines. Thus ourresults suggest that black sea bream extracts selectivity modulate immune events.     

新型稻田除草剂氟吡磺隆特性、作用机理及其除草效果

氟吡磺隆是由韩国LG公司生命科学有限公司研制的一种新型磺酰脲类除草剂，可用于移栽和直播水稻田；用于土壤或茎叶处理能有效防除稗草、阔叶和莎草科杂草；温室和田间试验表明，用于水稻田，在常规用量15～30g(有效成分，下同)／hm^2时，防效达90％以上，对水稻安全，对后茬作物无影响。文章还简述了药剂的分子结构、理化特性、毒性和作用机理等。     

New edge-adaptive image interpolation using anisotropic Gaussian filters

Edge-adaptive interpolation is an effective technique to obtain a sharp high-resolution (HR) image from a low-resolution (LR) image. In this paper, we propose a new image interpolation method using edge-adaptive anisotropic Gaussian filters (AGFs). In the proposed method, the edge information of the LR image, which is the edge orientation and its energy, is first estimated using the modified Leung–Malik (LM) filter bank. Then, the edge information of the LR image is converted into that of the HR image by using a mapping function. Based on the HR edge information, edge-adaptive interpolation is performed using the AGF with variable shape and direction. Simulation results show that the proposed method objectively and subjectively outperforms conventional edge-based methods.     

Processing and mechanical properties of porous 316L stainless steel for biomedical applications

Highly porous 316L stainless steel parts were produced by using a powder metallurgy process, which includes the selective laser sintering（SLS） and traditional sintering. Porous 316L stainless steel suitable for medical applications was successfully fabricated in the porosity range of 40%-50% （volume fraction） by controlling the SLS parameters and sintering behaviour. The porosity of the sintered compacts was investigated as a function of the SLS parameters and the furnace cycle. Compressive stress and elastic modulus of the 316L stainless steel material were determined. The compressive strength was found to be ranging from 21 to 32 MPa and corresponding elastic modulus ranging from 26 to 43 GPa. The present parts are promising for biomedical applications since the optimal porosity of implant materials for ingrowths of new-bone tissues is in the range of 20%-59% （volume fraction） and mechanical properties are matching with human bone.     

AFM study of LaNiO3 thin films on various single crystal substrates prepared by using a metal naphthenate precursor

We investigated surface morphology of LaNiO₃ thin films on LaAlO₃ (100), SrTiO₃(100), MgO(100) and sapphire (0001) substrates by using atomic force microscope (AFM). Chemical solution deposition process was adopted to prepare thin film with a metal naphthenate precursor. The power spectral density of thin films on LaAlO₃ and SrTiO₃ substrates exhibits an inflated shape at a spatial frequency into 10 μm⁻¹ range with uniformly formed small grains, while LaNiO₃ on sapphire showed a high root mean square roughness.     

荞麦芽的抗氧化作用及醛糖还原酶抑制作用的研究

以萌发期为4,6,8,9,10d的甜荞麦芽和苦荞麦芽(黑丰一号,坝上苦荞)为原料,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),探明荞麦芽在萌发过程中芦丁的变化趋势,同时观察荞麦芽的ABTS自由基的清除作用以及对大鼠晶状体醛糖还原酶(rAR)的抑制作用。结果表明:无论是甜荞还是苦荞,芦丁的含量都随发芽时间的延长而有所增加,同时黑丰一号苦荞对ABTS自由基的清除作用在萌发的第10天时达最大值(IC50=12.18μg/mL),作用效果高于芦丁标准品(IC50=21.10μg/mL),但是低于对照物Trolox(IC50=3.89μg/mL)。坝上苦荞在萌发的第10天时对rAR抑制活性最大(IC50=2.09μg/mL),作用效果明显高于槲皮素(IC50=2.57μg/mL)、芦丁标准品(IC50=4.90μg/mL)。所以萌发的荞麦芽均有一定的抗氧化作用,且对rAR有明显的抑制作用,可以作为醛糖还原酶抑制剂的良好来源。     

Performance of new signal‐to‐noise ratio estimation for SEM images based on single image noise cross‐correlation

A new technique for estimation of signal‐to‐noise ratio in scanning electron microscope images is reported. The method is based on the image noise cross‐correlation estimation model recently developed. We derive the basic performance limits on a single image signal‐to‐noise ratio estimation using the Cramer–Rao inequality. The results are compared with those from existing estimation methods including the nearest neighbourhood (the simple method), the first order linear interpolator, and the autoregressive based estimator. The comparisons were made using several tests involving different images within the performance bounds. From the results obtained, the efficiency and accuracy of image noise cross‐correlation estimation technique is considerably better than the other three methods.     

Geometry design and tooth contact analysis of crossed beveloid gears for marine transmissions

Beveloid gears,also known as conical gears,gain more and more importance in industry practice due to their abilities for power transmission between parallel,intersected and crossed axis.However,this ty...     

MIGRATION AND DIFFUSION OF BINARY ELECTROLYTES UNDER A CONSTANT CURRENT II

The problem in title is analyzed for dilute solutions with no substantial intenonic effects and with the diffusivity and the electrophoretic mobility being related via the Nernst-Einslein equation. The case is considered of only the positive ion reacting at the electrodes, being produced at the anode and consumed at the cathode, With the electroneutrality condition as a first approximation, the equations for the average concentration and the electric field are decoupled and solved analytically. Then the deviation from electroneutrality is calculated in the second approximation via Poisson' s equation. The problem has a steady state if the current is smaller than a certain value. With this analysis and measurements of concentrations at different times, electrophoretic mobilities of the two ions can be calculated. The implications for interpreting measurements in microelectrophoresis and electrophoretic mass transport analysis are discussed     

HYDRODYNAMICS AND STABILITY OF SLOT-RECTANGULAR SPOUTED BEDS PART II: INCREASING BED THICKNESS

Tests were carried out with rectangular spouted bed columns of different thickness, i.e., front-to-back dimension, while holding the column width and air-entry slot width constant, to investigate the effects on spoul stability and bed hydrodynamics. For the three sizes of glass beads and one size of polyethylene beads examined, increasing the column thickness led to three-dimensional effects, such as formation of multiple spouts, and affected such hydrodynamics variables as the minimum spouting velocity, maximum spoutable bed depth and maximum pressure drop.