Separation and analysis of lignite bioconversion products

The bioconversion of coal at ambient conditions is a promising technology for coal processing, although the mechanisms of coal degradation are still not understood fully. In this work, the bioconversion of lignite was studied using a fungus isolated from decaying wood. The lignite samples were oxidized with nitric acid under moderate conditions and then the oxidized samples were placed on a potato medium with isolated fungus for lignite bioconversion. Lignite, oxidized lignite and residual products after bioconversion of lignite were sequentially extracted with petroleum ether, CS₂, methanol, acetone and tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then each extract was characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The differences in composition and structure among the samples were inferred by comparing the differences between the extracts. The results show that aromatics with one or several benzene rings and their derivatives; and some long-chain alkanes containing oxygen decreased in the methanol-, acetone-, and THF-soluble fraction from residual lignite, whereas long chain or a few branched alkanes and small quantities of aromatic compounds increased in petroleum ether and CS₂ soluble fractions.     

Procurement Management of China Oil Majors in Global Market

（from No.3）What kind of procurement mode is applied by China oil majors？Three China oil majors all choose centralized procurement as their core strategies.It is helpful to achieve scale efficiency as well as to reduce procurement costs.It is also helpful to utilize resources more efficiently and enhance their market influence.In the summary of their procurement mode,they all used traditional Chinese state-owned wording,generally pronunciation in rhyme and meaning with a deep implication.     

非平衡磁控溅射La-Ti/WS2 自润滑薄膜的摩擦磨损行为

要满足航天器机械转动部件在恶劣工况下的工作,需研制高硬度、低摩擦系数的固体润滑薄膜。采用非平衡磁控溅射法分别制备了纯WS₂薄膜、Ti掺杂WS₂复合薄膜和La-Ti掺杂WS₂复合薄膜。分析了薄膜的微观形貌、成分、硬度和摩擦学性能。结果表明,与纯WS₂薄膜和Ti/WS₂复合薄膜相比,La-Ti/WS₂复合薄膜的微观结构更加致密。La-Ti/WS₂复合薄膜的硬度H和弹性模量E也显著提高。此外,La-Ti/WS₂复合薄膜的摩擦系数减小,并且H/E比值增大,La-Ti/WS₂复合薄膜的磨损率降低。结果表明,La的掺杂有助于在摩擦接触表面形成稳定的转移膜,提高La-Ti/WS₂复合薄膜的耐磨性和承载能力。     

基于Agent的情感劝说的舆情交互及产生模型

针对基于Agent的情感劝说的舆情量化研究不足的问题,构建了基于Agent的情感劝说的舆情交互及产生模型.首先结合社会影响理论,识别了Agent的社会影响力和情感是影响舆情交互及产生的两个最重要因素;其次,通过提出基于Agent的前景值的情感劝说提议评价算法来求取劝说提议的评价值,并考虑Agent的社会影响力、情感及个性,提出了基于Hegselmann-Krause模型的情感劝说舆情更新算法;最后,通过煤炭采购算例、仿真比较及信任阈值、关系度阈值和说服力的参数敏感性分析,说明所构建模型比Hegselmann-Krause模型更符合情感劝说环境下舆情交互及产生特征,更好发挥了Agent的智能化优势,从而验证了所提模型的有效性.     

空气涡轮起动机传扭轴断裂故障分析

针对某型航空发动机在起动过程中空气涡轮起动机传扭轴断裂问题,结合宏观检测和断口金相分析,对发动机附件机匣和起动机中潜在的不安全因素开展排查工作,绘制详细故障树,得出了进气压力超调、起动系统传动链齿侧间隙和发动机转动惯量的随机性综合作用,引起瞬时冲击转矩超大,是导致此次传扭轴断裂故障的主要原因.     

利用顺酐渣合成聚羧酸减水剂的研究

顺酐渣是顺酐生产过程产生的副产物,其中主要含有顺酐、顺丁烯二酸和反丁烯二酸等,经研究可用于混凝土外加剂的合成,在烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚(APEG)与顺酐渣(MALS)摩尔比为1.0∶3.0(顺酐渣按有效含量90%、平均相对分子质量110计算)条件下,引发剂过硫酸钾(KPS)的用量为单体总质量的6.0%,链转移剂烯丙基磺酸钠(SAS)的用量为单体总质量的3.5%时,合成的减水剂性能最佳。顺酐渣异构化对合成减水剂的性能基本没有影响,活性炭脱色能在一定程度上提高合成减水剂的性能,但成本较高。顺酐渣合成的减水剂可以1.1倍替代顺酐合成的减水剂,能有效提高合成聚羧酸减水剂的性价比。     

集中空调系统控制室内污染物的非稳态模型

本文综合考虑室内污染源散发,室外污染物进入,净化器效率等因素对室内污染物浓度的影响。对采用集中空调系统的房间,建立了非稳态模型,以可挥发性有机物为例,理论分析了净化器效率和室外VOCs浓度对室内VOCs浓度的影响。该模型可为净化器效率的选择提供理论依据。     

A1与A2β-酪蛋白酸奶产品特性的比较

探究分别含有A1、A2两种β-酪蛋白牛乳制成的搅拌型和凝固型酸奶产品特性的区别。持水力结果表明,A1β-酪蛋白酸奶（凝固型和搅拌型）的持水力大于69%,A2β-酪蛋白酸奶（凝固型和搅拌型）的持水力大于65%。质构特性的结果显示,凝固型酸奶差距更为明显,A1 β-酪蛋白酸奶的硬度和稠度分别比A2 β-酪蛋白酸奶高41.4%和59.8%。此外,A1 β-酪蛋白酸奶黏性优于A2 β-酪蛋白酸奶。流变学特性与微观结构结果显示,A1 β-酪蛋白酸奶的滞后回路面积较A2 β-酪蛋白酸奶小14.6%,说明A2 β-酪蛋白制成的酸奶结构更易于被破坏,网状结构更为稀疏。本实验为A2 β-酪蛋白牛乳在酸奶制品的应用及实际生产提供一定理论支持。     

基于碳点分子印迹纸芯片法测定金银花绿原酸含量

基于数码成像法,利用荧光碳点的高灵敏度结合分子印迹技术的高选择性,建立一种微流控纸芯片法并进行优化,用于金银花绿原酸含量的快速测定。以氮硫掺杂碳点为荧光响应材料,绿原酸为模板分子,在滤纸亲水区表面合成绿原酸印迹聚合物,制得碳点分子印迹纸芯片。以显色斑点的红、绿、蓝值为评价指标进行单因素优化试验。得到最佳制备条件：绿原酸、3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（功能单体）、正硅酸乙酯（交联剂）的物质的量比1∶8∶8,每0.01 mmol绿原酸添加1 mL无水乙醇、0.2 mL氨基修饰的碳点溶液,预聚液超声辅助聚合时间35 min。最佳显色条件：点样量4 μL,显色时间15 min。在最优条件下测定金银花中绿原酸含量,绿原酸质量浓度在0.025～0.15 mg/mL时与绿值有较好的线性关系,决定系数为0.991 8,检出限为0.020 6 mg/mL,回收率在90.77%～102.10%之间。本实验建立的纸芯片法成本低廉、选择性良好且检测速度快（20 min内可完成）,可作为测定条件简陋或现场临时快速测定绿原酸含量的补充方法。