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51.
Wondraczek L Mauro JC Eckert J Kühn U Horbach J Deubener J Rouxel T 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2011,23(39):4578-4586
The development of new glassy materials is key for addressing major global challenges in energy, medicine, and advanced communications systems. For example, thin, flexible, and large-area glass substrates will play an enabling role in the development of flexible displays, roll-to-roll processing of solar cells, next-generation touch-screen devices, and encapsulation of organic semiconductors. The main drawback of glass and its limitation for these applications is its brittle fracture behavior, especially in the presence of surface flaws, which can significantly reduce the practical strength of a glass product. Hence, the design of new ultrastrong glassy materials and strengthening techniques is of crucial importance. The main issues regarding glass strength are discussed, with an emphasis on the underlying microscopic mechanisms that are responsible for mechanical properties. The relationship among elastic properties and fracture behavior is also addressed, focusing on both oxide and metallic glasses. From a theoretical perspective, atomistic modeling of mechanical properties of glassy materials is considered. The topological origin of these properties is also discussed, including its relation to structural and chemical heterogeneities. Finally, comments are given on several toughening strategies for increasing the damage resistance of glass products. 相似文献
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Peter Schaaf Prof. Dr. Lothar Spieß Prof. Thomas Kups Dr. Henry Romanus Dr. Rolf Grieseler Marcus Hopfeld Marcus Wilke Thomas Stauden Dr. David Lorenz Andreas Fischer 《真空研究与实践》2011,23(3):24-32
Films over films: innovative coatings for complex applications Thin films and coatings have developed as a prerequisite for many technical applications. In this paper, some applications for electrical, electronic, biomedical and optical applications are presented. In this contribution, examples for coatings for conductive and transparent films in photovoltaics, films for biomedical electrodes, for semiconductor contacts and for high‐temperature contacts are presented and discussed. The films are prepared by magnetron‐sputtering and pulsed laser deposition. The influence of the processing parameters on the functional properties of the films is presented. 相似文献
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Dörte Schumacher Daniela Hirsch Bettina Cämmerer Lothar W. Kroh 《European Food Research and Technology》1996,203(4):385-390
The enzymatic degradation of thermal treated α-glucans with amylolytic enzymes depends on the reaction environment (T, pH, moisture), the degree of polymerisation (DP) and the branch of the substrates as well as on the presence of amino compounds. The chemical changes of the α-glucans due to thermolysis at 180 °C are characterized by means of the amount of reducing substances and the amount of maltooligosaccharides (HPLC). In general the enzymatic degradability of the thermal treated α-glucans is decreased with increasing time of thermolysis, temperature and moisture content. The enzyme activity with the thermal treated α-glucans is diminished in the same way. The addition of amino compounds reduces the enzymatic degradability only at the beginning of the reaction. With increasing time of thermolysis the thermolysates without glycine addition are hardly degradated. As reason for these differences in the enzymatic degradation transglycosylation and non-enzymatic browning reactions (caramalisation/ Maillard-reaction) are assumed. 相似文献
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Kocan Marcin Wagner Lothar Rack H. J. 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2005,14(6):765-772
This investigation examined the role of microstructure and surface finish on the high cycle fatigue (HCF) performance of TIMETAL
LCB (Ti-6.8Mo-4.5Fe-1.5Al). The as-received microstructure of LCB consisted of elongated β grains with a semicontinuous grain
boundary α layer. In contrast, a fine equiaxed β + spheroidized α LCB microstructure was achieved by hot swaging and solution
(recrystallization) anneal. The latter modification of the prior β grain structure, together with the size, morphology, and
distribution of the primary α phase, resulted in a significant enhancement in the tensile and HCF properties. Furthermore,
prestraining (PS), as would be expected during the fabrication of an automotive coil spring, and prior to aging for 30 min
at temperatures between 500 and 550 °C, led to additional increases in tensile strength. In contrast, the HCF performance
was always reduced when PS prior to aging was included in the overall processing procedure. Finally, shot-peening and roller-burnishing
both resulted in an increased fatigue life in the finite life regimen; however, significant reductions in the 107 cycle fatigue strengths were observed when these procedures were used. These observations have been explained by including
the effect of process-induced residual tensile stresses in the fatigue analysis, resulting in subsurface fatigue crack nucleation.
This paper was presented at the Beta Titanium Alloys of the 00’s Symposium sponsored by the Titanium Committee of TMS, held
during the 2005 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition, February 13–16, 2005 in San Francisco, CA. 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Ein grosser Teil des aktuellen Kulturgutes entsteht in Form digitaler Dokumente. Die langfristige, verf?lschungsfreie Erhaltung
und Wiedergabe digitaler Dokumente ist ein noch nicht befriedigend gel?stes Informatik-Problem. Wir beschreiben den Kontext
und Aspekte dieser Aufgabe mit den sich daraus ergebenden Anforderungen und skizzieren einige aktuell diskutierte L?sungsans?tze. 相似文献