铜渣基化学键合陶瓷材料吸附Cr(VI)的性能及机理

以富含铁的铜渣（CS）为原料，在碱激发条件下制备了铜渣基化学键合陶瓷材料（CSCBC），对废水中的Cr(Ⅵ)进行吸附处理。考察了吸附剂添加量、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度及pH等因素对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附效果的影响，并通过吸附动力学和热力学分析，结合吸附前后吸附材料结构表征，对其吸附机理进行了探讨。结果表明，当Cr(Ⅵ)初始质量浓度为200 mg/L、pH=1、吸附剂投加量为0.4 g时，在240 min内达吸附平衡，Cr(Ⅵ)去除率可达93%以上，最大理论吸附容量25.3 mg/g。与生物炭基铁氧化物复合材料、FeS复合材料、铁掺杂吸附剂等同类型吸附剂相比，Cr(Ⅵ)吸附容量明显提高。CSCBC对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附过程符合准一级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型。其吸附机制主要是还原、吸附等双重作用的结果。 6次吸附-解吸实验后，其吸附容量保持初次吸附容量的75%以上 。     

火箭发动机自由射流噪声模拟过程

准确仿真火箭发动机的自由射流噪声,是保证火箭稳定发射的关键手段.火箭发射过程中的自由射流噪声主要由发动机流场中的燃烧噪声、内部障碍物周围的流动噪声、管壁的摩擦噪声等单极子声源所产生的复合噪声叠加而成,噪声在方向上的特征较为复杂.传统的Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes方法仅仅得到了时均的流场,无法预测自由射流的方向性,导致对噪声的仿真效果不好.提出采用大涡仿真与FW-H表面积分法相结合对火箭发动机的流场与噪声远场进行仿真,使用大涡仿真与Mohring声类比相结合,对噪声的方向性进行预测,克服传统方法存在的弊端,完成噪声仿真过程.仿真结果显示:流场吻合很好,声场中低频声压级吻合较好,高频声压级略低于测定值,测点的综合声压级误差较小.     

基于无线传感网络技术在高压开关柜测温中的应用研究

无线传感网络是目前国内外研究的热点课题,并且在结构健康监测中具有广阔应用前景。为了简化传感器铺设的及布线的繁琐,采用Nordic2.4G无线通信技术,高压开关柜中高压侧采用多点组网的方式,即高压侧多路测温系统,对应低压侧一路接收系统。本文方案利用无线收发nRF24L01芯片设计传感节点电路,介绍了系统硬件组成与工作原理,较好实现了温度的实时远程监测。     

改性环氧带锈涂料的研究

研究了以改性环氧树脂和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛为基料的钢铁带锈涂料 ,通过对成膜物质、转化剂、渗透剂、颜料等的研究 ,得到了集稳定、转化、渗透为一体的多功能涂料。经过实验测试 ,该涂料的各项性能指标均达到了设计要求 ,并且本工艺方案简单易行、省时高效 ,具有较高的实用价值。     

NH3·H2O对桂林地区红黏土工程特性的影响试验研究

为研究氮肥污染对桂林红黏土物理力学性质的影响,使用氨水(NH₃·H₂O)溶液对具有代表性的桂林雁山红黏土进行浸泡,考虑氨水质量分数(0,4.5%,9.0%,13.5%,18.0%)和养护时间(1,7,14 d)双因子因素,通过室内试验,分析氨水污染对桂林雁山红黏土物理力学性质的影响规律。试验结果表明:随着氨水质量分数及养护时间的增加,桂林雁山红黏土的质量、含水率、相对密度和液塑限均增大,压缩模量减小,土体压缩性增强;碱-土作用是引起红黏土物理力学性质发生变化的主要原因,其相互作用导致红黏土颗粒间的胶结物被溶解后又重新生成絮状物,使其原本稳定的结构状态发生改变。     

利用废旧胶粉改善红黏土工程性质试验研究

随着废旧轮胎的日益剧增,回收利用率较低带来了严重的环保问题。利用废旧轮胎胶粉对红黏土进行改良,形成混合土。通过标准轻型击实试验、等效击实试验、直剪试验以及渗透试验,研究了不同胶粉掺量(0%,3%,8%,15%,25%)和不同含水量对混合土的击实特性、抗剪强度特性以及渗透性的影响。研究结果表明:①混合土的最大干密度比原状红黏土低,且胶粉的掺量越大,最大干密度越小;②胶粉掺量增大,标准击实试验的最优含水率增大,等效击实试验的最优含水率有减小趋势;③胶粉掺量不超过15%时,随着胶粉掺量增大,混合土的抗剪强度增大,内摩擦角增大,且出现应变硬化现象:④标准击实下,胶粉掺量为8%时,混合土的渗透速率变化不明显;但胶粉掺量增加到15%时,混合土的渗透速率显著提高,提升幅度达到97.3%。研究成果可为贵州地区今后废旧胶粉的循环利用和胶粉改良红黏土的工程运用提供参考。     

Successive cancellation multibit-flipping decoding algorithm for polar codes

The investigation of the probability of error bits in a codeword shows that single-bit errors and 2-bit errors are main reasons that influence the decoding performance of polar codes with a short or moderate blocklength. Based on the statistical analysis of the error bits, a successive cancellation(SC) multibit-flipping decoding algorithm is proposed. Compared with the SC single-bit-flipping decoding, the proposed scheme can obtain better performance gains for polar codes with a short blocklength. Compared with the SC list decoding by exploring multiple paths simultaneously, the proposed scheme has a lower space complexity. Moreover, the decoding complexity of the proposed decoding algorithm decreases as the signal to noise ratio(SNR) increases. Simulation shows that for polar codes with a short or moderate blocklength, the performance of the proposed decoder can approach that of the SC list decoding with lower decoding complexity in high SNR regions.     

高均匀性长波红外远心照明系统设计

基于数字微镜器件(DMD)的红外景象模拟器可在室内环境下模拟真实景物及其环境的红外辐射,实现对红外成像系统性能的准确测试与评估。照明系统作为红外景象模拟器的重要组成部分,为其提供红外辐射能。为使光束均匀照射在DMD器件表面,通过分析研究黑体特性及朗伯定律,确定采用像方远心光路作为照明系统的结构形式。以拉氏不变量为依据研究确定的照明系统特性参数,能够实现与投影系统完美衔接。根据设计参数完成对照明系统初始结构的计算,利用ZEMAX进行调制、优化,并完成像质评价。设计结果表明,以此方式设计的照明系统均匀性高、球差小,可进一步提高模拟仿真效果。     

Analysis of the impact of coal mining on the ecological environment of the nature reserve

With the gradual attention of the state to the protection of natural ecological environment, the planning and layout of the nature reserve will overlap with some coal mine areas. In order to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, it is necessary to study the impact of mining on the ecological environment of the nature reserve. Through the methods of GIS and RS, and evaluation o f ecological protection index system, the differences and impacts of ecological environment changes before and after the planning of the nature reserve are analyzed. The results show that since 2002, the effect of water collection and artificial soil and water conservation measures on improving the ecological environment of vegetation are obvious, the dominant species of vegetation type in the overlapping area of coal mine and nature reserve have changed from grass vegetation to shrub vegetation, inwhich the area of arbor forest land has increased significantly, the veetationcoverage in the overlapping area has also increased considerably . The intensity of soil erosion has decreased year by year after mining the coal resources. Postharvest hydraulic erosion intensity is mainly below mild, and the area of artificial soil and water conservation has increased significantly. T he negative impact of the ground subsidence caused by coal mining on the ecological environment is less than the positive effect brought by artificial soil and waterconservation measures, and it is generally developing in a more stable direction. The ecological protection status index increased fr om 32. 98 to 45.94, and the change degree of ecological protection status in nature reserves is 12.9 ≥10. T he ecological protection status of the nature reserve improved significantly. On the basis of ecological environment protection and restoration measures in the nature reserve, coal mines need to further study the comprehensive impact of human activitieson the ecological environment of the nature reserve.     

橡胶弹性元件低温刚度预测方法

在20,0,-10,-20,-30,-40℃下,对橡胶材料进行单轴拉伸试验,采用4种常用类型本构模型拟合试验数据,得出不同温度下的模型参数,并利用拟合优度对模型拟合效果进行评估,结果表明Ogden3和4阶模型拟合效果最好。分别考虑环境温度以及温度场的改变(从室温20℃逐步降低至-40℃)对橡胶力学性能的影响,对锥形橡胶弹簧在各试验温度下施加垂向载荷的刚度进行预测,并对产品进行相应的刚度试验。试验结果表明,仿真分析中若考虑温度场的改变对橡胶力学性能的影响,刚度预测精度显著提高;在环境温度低于-20℃时,仿真分析有必要考虑温度场的变化而产生的热应力对橡胶弹性元件刚度的影响。