找好接班人:CIO谋求上位的第一步

对CIO们而言,制订一个灵活的继任者计划,帮助公司培养未来IT领导人。直接关乎自己职业宏图的拓展。毕竟,在没有得到一个足够优秀的人才来接替你的工作之前,CEO怎么会将你调任到其他新岗位呢？     

Migrant Mothers: Richard Harrington’s Indigenous ‘Madonnas’

Canadian photographer Richard Harrington has been recognised since the 1950s for his photographs of the Arctic, and specifically for portraits of the Padleimiut taken at a hunting camp in 1950 during a winter of acute shortages. Three were selected for Edward Steichen’s The Family of Man (1955). Of that group, two focused on motherhood through depictions of childbirth and maternal love; the latter is sometimes referred to as ‘Canada’s Madonna and Child’, making a timeless secular icon from the representation of a crisis. Harrington was a documentary photographer who made his living as a freelance photojournalist specialising in human interest stories and travel features for magazines and newspapers. On assignment in British Columbia for the Hudson’s Bay Company magazine The Beaver, he photographed a First Nations mother and child, an image entitled ‘Madonna of the Peace’. This photograph later graced the cover of a Roman Catholic missionary magazine, Pôle et Tropiques. This article draws parallels between Harrington’s photographs of Indigenous mothers and children and Dorothea Lange’s Migrant Mother, using Harrington’s diaries and community-based research to reconstruct the lives of his subjects, and considering the sacrifice of knowledge to iconicity.     

Effect of pulsed ultraviolet light on quality of sliced ham

While the efficacy of PUV-light on microbial inactivation is well documented, its effect on product quality is not well studied. Thus the effect of PUV-light on color, texture and oxidative stability of ham was evaluated. Samples of 100 g raw ham (～5 mm thick) were treated for 60, 90 and 120 s in a UV-light system. Another 100 g of untreated sample was used as a control. The distance from the lamp central axis was varied at 4.5, 8.3 and 14.6 cm. Results showed that the oxidative stability of the control, 4.5 cm/60 s, 4.5 cm/90 s, 4.5 cm/120 s, 8.3 cm/60 s, 8.3 cm/90 s, 8.3 cm/120 s, 14.6 cm/60 s, 14.6 cm/90 s, and 14.6 cm/120 s sample decreased by 21, 67, 53, 54, 39, 71, 75, 56, 58, and 55% respectively after 14 days of storage. Oxidative stability reduction was higher as treatment time was prolonged, but decreased with increased distance from the lamp. Overall, the color and texture of the samples were inversely affected by treatment time and distance of the sample from the lamp. Although PUV-light has a potential to decontaminate food products, this study demonstrated that quality of the product is concurrently compromised.     

A new input indicator for the assessment of science &; technology research?

Traditional input indicators of research performance, such as research funding, number of active scientists, and international collaborations, have been widely used to assess countries’ publication output. However, while publication in today’s English-only research world requires sound research in readable English, English proficiency may be a problem for the productivity of non-native English-speaking (NNES) countries. Data provided by the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) containing the academic profile of 51,223 Brazilian researchers show a correlation between English proficiency and publication output. According to our results, traditional input indicators may fall short of providing an accurate representation of the research performance of NNES developing countries.     

Longitudinal association between marital dissatisfaction and alcohol use disorders in a community sample.

The prospective association between marital dissatisfaction and alcohol use disorders (abuse and/or dependence) was evaluated in a randomly selected community sample. Married individuals (N=1,675) from the New Haven Epidemiologic Catchment Area project who did not have a current alcohol use disorder at baseline were followed prospectively for 12 months. Results indicated that baseline marital dissatisfaction was significantly associated with alcohol use disorder diagnosis during follow-up, with dissatisfied spouses being 3.7 times more likely than satisfied spouses to have a diagnosis of current alcohol use disorder at follow-up. The longitudinal association between baseline marital dissatisfaction and current alcohol use disorder diagnosis at follow-up remained significant when controlling for baseline demographic variables and history of alcohol use disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Is visual imagery really visual? Overlooked evidence from neuropsychology.

Does visual imagery engage some of the same representations used in visual perception? The evidence collected by cognitive psychologists in support of this claim has been challenged by three types of alternative explanation: Tacit knowledge, according to which subjects use nonvisual representations to simulate the use of visual representations during imagery tasks, guided by their tacit knowledge of their visual systems; experimenter expectancy, according to which the data implicating shared representations for imagery and perception is an artifact of experimenter expectancies; and nonvisual spatial representation, according to which imagery representations are partially similar to visual representations in the way they code spatial relations but are not visual representations. This article reviews previously overlooked neuropsychological evidence on the relation between imagery and perception, and discusses its relative immunity to the foregoing alternative explanations. This evidence includes electrophysiological and cerebral blood flow studies localizing brain activity during imagery to cortical visual areas, and parallels between the selective effects of brain damage on visual perception and imagery. Because these findings cannot be accounted for in the same way as traditional cognitive data using the alternative explanations listed earlier, they can play a decisive role in answering the title question. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Exploring the potential of word processing for non-native writers

The potential of word processing for non-native student writers is explored through an examination of effects in the categories of writing process, quantity and quality of writing, planning and prewriting, revising, conception of writing, cognitive processing, setting effects, and attitudes. It is maintained that non-native writers may benefit in significant ways from the attributes of word processing and the conditions surrounding its use in composition instruction. Martha C. Pennington holds a Ph.D. in Linguistics from the University of Pennsylvania. As Reader in English at the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong, she directs research on the learning and teaching of English as a second language. Her most recent book is a collection edited with Vance Stevens entitled, Computers in Applied Linguistics(Multilingual Matters, 1992).