石灰-粉煤灰-水泥稳定煤矸石混合料的研究

为分析石灰-粉煤灰(二灰)稳定煤矸石混合料用于季节性冰冻地区路面基层的技术可行性,在对煤矸石进行活性、物理、力学和耐久性试验研究基础上,设计了15组二灰稳定煤矸石混合料配合比,并测试了它们在饱水状态下的无侧限抗压强度.结果表明:这些混合料的无侧限抗压强度均能满足高速公路和一级公路对基层和底基层的强度设计要求.以第2组混合料配合比(生石灰、粉煤灰、煤矸石的质量分数分别为5%,15%,80%)为基础,通过不同水泥掺量试件的外观变化、质量损失、强度损失及极限冻融循环次数的抗冻融试验发现,掺入水泥能显著改善二灰稳定煤矸石混合料的强度和抗冻性,当水泥掺量占试件总质量的3%时,混合料的强度及抗冻性都达到了15次冻融循环的工程设计要求.     

桩土变形调节装置的研制与应用

桩土的支承刚度通常存在数量级上的差异,因此实现桩土共同作用的关键是保证桩土的变形协调,对于摩擦桩可通过"塑性支承桩"的概念来实现,对于端承桩则需通过专门的变形调节装置来实现。对该装置进行了研究,研制成功的变形调节装置具有根据荷载自动调节自身变形的特点,并且支承刚度和变形调节范围均可事先人为设定。工程实践表明,研制的变形调节装置成功实现了端承桩的桩土共同作用,取得了显著的经济效益,该研究是正确、合理的,其工程实践也是成功的。     

适度现代性的建筑诠释——以本溪博物馆建筑创作为例

该文以本溪博物馆建筑创作为契机,分别从主题、环境、文脉及空间四个方面切入,提出在适度契合本溪人文环境的同时创造可识别性,在适度延续周边城市肌理和场地形态的同时营造丰富性,在适度体验内部空间的同时塑造鲜明性,进而诠释一种适度的现代性。     

浅谈住宅小区抗震规划

文章从建设场地和建筑形式的选择、应急避难场所建设、小区生命线系统和次生灾害预防四个方面,探讨住宅小区抗震规划中应注意的问题,并针对性地提出几点建议。     

铝合金发动机缸盖铸造工艺的计算机模拟分析

在对铝合金发动机缸盖进行工艺分析的基础上,制定了3组浇注方案,分别为缝隙式顶冒口补缩浇注系统、顶冒口直接浇注系统、半开放式半包围型横浇道浇注系统.通过使用铸造数值模拟软件对金属液的充型和凝固过程进行数值模拟,认为缝隙式顶冒口补缩浇注系统为最优方案.确定了缸盖的优化工艺参数:模具预热温度为400℃,浇注温度为720℃.在该组优化的工艺参数下,通过对金属液的充型和凝固过程的动态观察,预测了充型时间、凝固时间和可能存在的缩松、缩孔及气孔缺陷的分布与体积分数.     

Localized shear deformation during shear band propagation in titanium considering interactions among microstructures

Closed-form analytical solutions of plastic shear strain and relative plastic shear displacement during shear band propagation are proposed under dynamic loadings based on gradient-dependent plasticity considering the effect of microstructures due to heterogeneous texture of Ti. According to the differences in shear stress levels, Ti specimen is divided into three regions: residual region, strain-softening region and elastic region. Well-developed shear band is formed in the residual region and the relative plastic shear displacement no longer increases. In the normal and tangential directions, the plastic strain and the displacement are nonuniform in the strain-softening region.At the tip of shear band, the shear stress acting on the band is increased to shear strength from the elastic state and the shear localization just occurs. Prior to the tip, Ti remains elastic. At higher strain rates, the extent of plastic strain concentration is greater than that under static loading. Higher strain rate increases the relative plastic shear displacement. The present analytical solution for evolution or propagation of shear localization under nonuniform shear stress can better reproduce the observed localized characteristics for many kinds of ductile metals.     

旋轮参数对铝合金分形旋压的影响规律

铝合金分形旋压是一个复杂的多因素耦合影响的塑性成形过程,研究其旋轮参数对成形过程的影响可为相关成形参数的确定和优化设计提供理论依据。基于建立的可靠的铝合金分形旋压三维有限元模型,文章研究揭示了旋轮分形角、旋轮圆角半径、旋轮轴向进给比等旋轮参数对成形过程中的切向拉应力、周向压应力以及成形凸缘的不均匀变形程度和最终壁厚偏差的影响规律。结果表明,增大旋轮分形角,可以消除旋轮前方的金属堆积和降低成形过程中坯料开裂失效的可能性,可以使得成形凸缘的不均匀变形程度减小和成形精度降低;旋轮圆角半径的改变,对消除旋轮前方的金属堆积和降低成形过程中坯料开裂失效的可能性影响并不明显,但增大旋轮圆角半径,可以使得成形凸缘的不均匀变形程度增大和成形精度升高;旋轮轴向进给比的改变,对消除旋轮前方的金属堆积和成形凸缘的成形精度的影响并不明显,但增大旋轮轴向进给比,可以降低成形过程中坯料开裂失效的可能性,可以使得成形凸缘的不均匀变形程度减小。     

强流脉冲离子束辐照对DZ4合金微观结构的影响

利用成分为Cn+(30 mol%)和H+(70 mol%),加速电压为250 kV,脉冲宽度为70 ns,束流密度为100 A/cm2的强流脉冲离子束(high intensity pulsed ion beam-HIPIB)辐照DZ4镍基高温合金,辐照次数分别为5、10和15次.利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析辐照前后合金表层微观结构的变化.结果显示,与原始样品比较,辐照不同次数后的样品最表面都产生了一层晶粒度为5～10 nm的多晶层,它是由DZ4合金中各元素的单质相组成的.在距表面一定深度范围内,不存在γ'相;随着深度的增加,γ'相的含量逐渐增加.     

Template-free hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystalline SnO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanocauliflowers and their optical properties

Large-scale single-crystalline SnO₂ nanocauliflowers were successfully synthesized using a hydrothermal growth method without any template. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). FE-SEM images show that the as-grown SnO₂ nanocauliflowers are constructed of tetragonal prisms with a width of 500–600 nm. XRD, EDS, and SAED results indicate that the as-grown SnO₂ nanocauliflowers are single crystalline with the tetragonal rutile crystalline structure. The growth mechanism of SnO₂ nanocauliflowers is also preliminarily discussed on the basis of different Sn(OH)₆²⁻ concentrations, and it is found that Sn(OH)₆²⁻ concentration plays an important role in determining the shape of the prepared SnO₂. Room temperature photoluminescence was further carried out on SnO₂ nanocauliflowers to investigate their optical properties. An intense blue luminescence centered at a wavelength of 424 nm is observed in the as-grown SnO₂ nanocauliflowers.     

低温烧结型银浆料对半导体芯片贴装性能的影响

研究低温烧结型银／玻璃体系浆料的成分配比、制备工艺及其半导体芯片贴装烧结工艺,探讨浆料中银粉、玻璃粉和有机载体的成分对浆料烧结体的微观组织、热导率、线膨胀系数及芯片组装的剪切力之间的影响关系,利用理论模型计算浆料烧结体的热导率和线膨胀系数,分析其理论计算值与实测值差异的影响因素。结果表明：随着玻璃粉含量的增加,浆料烧结体的线膨胀系数及热导率逐渐降低,当银粉和玻璃粉的质量比为7：3,固体混合粉末与有机载体的质量比为8：2时,芯片贴装后可满足热导率和线膨胀系数性能的要求,同时所承受的剪切力最大。