On the design of ILC algorithms using optimization

Iterative learning control (ILC) based on minimization of a quadratic criterion in the control error and the input signal is considered. The focus is on the frequency domain properties of the algorithm, and how it is able to handle non-minimum phase systems. Experiments carried out on a commercial industrial robot are also presented.     

Reduction of NOx Stored at Low Temperatures on a NOx Adsorbing Catalyst

Isothermal storage and reduction of NO₂ with CO, C₃H₆ and H₂ as reducing agents on a lean NO _x adsorber was investigated by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and temperature programmed reduction (TPR) studies. The reduction of NO _x was clearly favoured with H₂ as reducing agent. Carbon monoxide and C₃H₆ showed fairly low reduction of NO _x . The NO _x reduction at low temperatures with H₂ as reducing agent was found to be effective, clearly much more effective than for CO.     

Packaging‐related properties of protein‐ and chitosan‐coated paper

The mechanical and gas‐barrier properties of paper and paperboard coated with chitosan–acetic acid salt (chitosan), whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate and wheat gluten protein were studied. Paper sheets were solution‐coated using a hand applicator. In addition, bi‐layer composites of wheat gluten and paper or paperboard were produced by compression moulding, and the chitosan solution was also applied on paperboard using curtain coating. Young's modulus, fracture stress, fracture strain, tearing strength, air permeance and oxygen permeability were assessed. The mechanical and air permeance measurements of solution‐coated paper showed that chitosan was the most effective coating on a coat weight basis. This was due to its high viscosity, which limited the degree of penetration into the paper. The proteins, however, also enhanced the strength and toughness of the paper. Compression‐moulded wheat gluten/paper or paperboard, as well as curtain‐coated chitosan paperboard laminates, showed oxygen barrier properties comparable to those of paper and paperboard coated with commercial barrier materials. None of the composites could be delaminated without fibre rupture, indicating good adhesion between the coatings and the substrates. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The constituents of business interaction––generic layered patterns

In order to perform business modelling as apart of information systems development, there is a need for frameworks and methods. The paper proposes a framework for business interaction based on a language/action perspective. The framework is an architecture of five generic layers. The first layer concept is ‘business act’, which functions as the basic unit of analysis. The following four layer concepts are ‘action pair’, ‘exchange’, ‘business transaction’, and ‘transaction group’. The framework is inspired by a similar framework constructed by Weigand et al. The paper makes a critical examination of this framework as a basis for the proposed framework.     

Alkoxide route to La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 epitaxial thin films on SrTiO3

An all alkoxide based sol–gel route was investigated for preparation of epitaxial La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO₃ (LSCO) films on 100 SrTiO₃ (STO) substrates. Films with 20–30 to 80–100 nm thickness were prepared by spin-coating 0.2–0.6 M (metal) solutions on the STO substrates and heat treatment to 800 °C at 2 °C min^− 1, 30 min, in air. The films were epitaxial with a cube-on-cube alignment and the LSCO cell was strained to match the STO substrate of 3.905 Å closely; a and b = 3.894 Å and 3.897 Å for the 20–30 and 80–100 nm films, respectively. The c-axis was compressed to 3.789 Å and 3.782 Å for the 20–30 and 80–100 nm films, respectively, which resulted in an almost unchanged cell volume as compared to polycrystalline film and nano-phase powders prepared in the same way. The SEM study showed mainly very smooth, featureless surfaces, but also some defects. A film prepared in the same way on an -Al₂O₃ substrate was dense and polycrystalline with crystallite sizes in the range 10–50 nm and gave cubic cell dimensions of a_c = 3.825 Å. The conductivity of the ca 30–40 nm thick polycrystalline film was 1.7 mΩcm, while the epitaxial 80–100 nm film had a conductivity of around 1.9 mΩcm.     

爱立信IMS weShare分享每一天(系列之二)如何提供出色的用户体验?

爱立信IMS weShare业务有20%的开发与用户视觉体验相关(用户界面、图标、标签以及进度条),其它的80%则主要致力于设备间的系统.与此相对比,用户的体验则完全(100%)有赖于其可接触的事物.     

Designing on-site: Facilitating participatory contextual architecture with mobile phones

Some movements within modern architecture particularly emphasise the importance of matching buildings to their surroundings. However, practicing such “contextual architecture” is highly challenging and typically not something the future inhabitants of a building are well equipped for participating in. This paper explores the potentials of using mobile phone technology for facilitating such client participation in the parts of an architecture process that take place on the building site. For this we introduce ArchiLens, a mobile system for interactive on-site 3D visualisation of houses, and findings from a field study with 40 participants in the process of building or modifying their home. The study showed that using the system helped evoke people’s imagination of the look and feel of their future house, and envision it in context. This enabled them to participate more closely in the design process on-site by iteratively reviewing design alternatives and exploring, for example, other placements and materials.     

Physical Characterization of Anhydrous and Hydrous Forms of the Hydrochloride Salt of BVT.5182 A Novel 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonist

ABSTRACT

The physicochemical properties of 1-benzenesulfonyl-4-(piperazin-1-yl)-indole hydrochloride, a novel 5-HT₆ receptor antagonist for the treatment of obesity were characterized. Two solid state forms were identified at ambient conditions (23°C): an anhydrate form (1) and a hydrate form (2), with 1.5 moles of H₂O. The latter easily dehydrates and rehydrates without affecting the crystal morphology. Investigations of the propensity for interconversion between the two forms reveal that a) conversion of 2→1 takes place above 145°C and that b) conversion of 1→2 only occurs after crystallization from supersaturated aqueous solutions at a water activity ≥0.94 or in the presence of comparable amounts of crystals of 2 in water at ambient conditions. However, in an equimolar suspension of 1 and 2 at 37°C no phase transformation was observed. Thus, the difference in chemical potential between the two forms is small. Form 1 was shown to have overall favorable solid state properties and, hence, considered the preferred form for continued pharmaceutical development. The characterization was performed by means of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, FTIR/NIR-spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, hot stage microscopy, thermogravimetry, dynamic vapor sorption, Karl Fischer water content determination, phase stability studies of suspensions, solubility, and intrinsic dissolution rate measurements.     

Concept-Driven Interaction Design Research

In this article, we explore a concept-driven approach to interaction design research with a specific focus on theoretical advancements. We introduce this approach as a complementary approach to more traditional, and well-known, user-centered interaction design approaches. A concept-driven approach aims at manifesting theoretical concepts in concrete designs. A good concept design is both conceptually and historically grounded, bearing signs of the intended theoretical considerations. In the area of human–computer interaction and interaction design research, this approach has been quite popular but not necessarily explicitly recognized and developed as a proper research methodology. In this article, we demonstrate how a concept-driven approach can coexist, and be integrated with, common user-centered approaches to interaction design through the development of a model that makes explicit the existing cycle of prototyping, theory development, and user studies. We also present a set of basic principles that could constitute a foundation for concept driven interaction research, and we have considered and described the methodological implications given these principles. For the field of interaction design research we find this as an important point of departure for taking the next step toward the construction and verification of theoretical constructs that can help inform and guide future design research projects on novel interaction technologies.     

Polylactide latex/nanofibrillated cellulose bionanocomposites of high nanofibrillated cellulose content and nanopaper network structure prepared by a papermaking route

Previous attempts to use polylactide (PLA) latex particles and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) in papermaking processing have been limited to low NFC content. In the present study, a bionanocomposite material was successfully produced using a PLA latex and NFC. The components were mixed using a wet mixing method and bionanocomposite films were made by filtration followed by hot pressing. In composite materials, the dispersion of the reinforcing component in the matrix is critical for the material properties. Biopolymers such as PLA are non-polar and soluble only in organic solvents; NFC is, however, highly hydrophilic. By utilizing latex, i.e., an aqueous dispersion of biopolymer micro-particles, wet mixing is possible and the problem of aggregation of the hydrophilic nanocellulose in organic solvent is avoided. The properties of the resulting NFC/PLA latex bionanocomposite films were analyzed. Thorough blending resulted in good dispersion of the reinforcing component within the matrix. Adding increasing amounts of NFC improved the Young's modulus, tensile strength, and strain at break of the bionanocomposite material. The increase in the tensile properties was linear with increasing NFC content as a result of the good dispersion. The NFC also improved the thermal stability of the bionanocomposite material. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012