A magnetometer system to estimate location and size of long,horizontal ferrous rods

An experimental instrument is described which explicitly estimates location of ferrous rods parallel to a plane of measurement by analyzing simultaneous magnetic field and position data. The instrument consists of a unit containing a fluxgate magnetometer, position sensor and signal-conditioning circuits, connected to a unit containing a microprocessor, displays and associated electronics. An operator scans the sensor unit over the measurement surface, and the microprocessor estimates location, rod length and diameter. Experiments to estimate the parameters of horizontal typical reinforcing rods under a horizontal plane showed that the axis position could be estimated with an error of less than 0.5 cm, the length with a precision of <5 cm (<3.5%) and the depth with a precision of <0.4 cm at depths of 8 to 18 cm. Estimation of rod diameter was unreliable due to the presence of substantial remanent magnetization     

Workstation redesign for a repetitive drill press operation: A combined work design and ergonomics approach

A typical or conventional workstation for a repetitive drill press operation was evaluated and subsequently redesigned by incorporating the concepts and principles of work design and ergonomics. The production task comprised of drilling four holes on a prepared steel plate. A methods–time measurement (MTM) analysis was conducted to eliminate unnecessary motions and improve the necessary (work) motions involved in task performance. The specific features of the redesigned workstation were specially designed equipment (jig, fixture, etc.), a suitable adjustable chair, proper work height, a placement of tools/equipment within reach envelope, and a comprehensive operator training method. An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate and test the redesigned workstation in terms of operator productivity (production quantity and quality output) and satisfaction. The increases in quantity (number of holes drilled) and quality (number of good holes drilled) output were 22 and 50%, respectively, for the redesigned workstation compared to the typical or conventional workstation. The high improvement in quality output (50%) could be attributed to the improved design of the jig and fixture and the comprehensive operator training method, which emphasizes the quality aspect of production output. The improvement in operator satisfaction (scores) were highly significant. This investigation has demonstrated the beneficial effect of a combined work design and ergonomics approach, especially for the redesign of a workstation for a repetitive drill press operation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 395–410, 2007.     

High extinction, broadband polarisers using long-period fibre gratings in few-mode fibres

Long-period fibre gratings in specially designed birefringent few-mode fibres are used to demonstrate spectrally flat polarisers with bandwidths of 10 nm and polarisation extinction levels of 20 dB. This is enabled by the special dispersive properties of few-mode fibres, yielding fibre polarisers with performance approaching that of bulk-optic devices.     

Noisy recurrent neural networks: the continuous-time case

The classical stochastic analog of the deterministic linear system in engineering is the linear system driven by white noise. As the promise of artificial neural networks in modeling nonlinear systems continues to grow, the need for a stochastic analog with quantitative foundations for analysis and synthesis will increase. This paper presents recent work in this direction, examining recurrent neural nets (RNN driven by white noise. We examine the effect of noise on the typical continuous-time RNN model. First, we perform qualitative analysis establishing uniform boundedness of moments of the neuron states over time. To enable practical application, however, it is necessary to relate these properties to useful measures that can be estimated. We thus subsequently derive bias and variance measures for the noisy RNN with respect to the corresponding deterministic RNN. This has significant practical implications, since net design is nonminimal in the sense that several nets can solve the same problem. The results allow the user to evaluate given RNN for noise performance. The designer can use these results to constrain the design space so that the design satisfies performance specifications whenever possible. An example is provided using the measures derived in this paper to predetermine the best among several RNN designs for a given problem.     

Design and characterization of asymetrical super-lattice Si/4H-SiC pin photo diode array: a potential opto-sensor for future applications in bio-medical domain

Microsystem Technologies - Photo-sensors are integral part of different bio-medical diagnostic equipment. Each type of bio-molecules possess unique spectral fingerprint in visible wavelength region...     

Favorable influence of ssDNA-functionalized SWCNT on the navigation pattern of C. elegans

Microsystem Technologies - Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) are widely used as potential carriers in drug delivery systems. The objective of this work was to observe the effects of pristine,...     

Design of an Ultra-Compact and Highly-Sensitive Temperature Sensor Using Photonic Crystal Based Single Micro-Ring Resonator and Cascaded Micro-Ring Resonator

Silicon - In the present report, a photonic crystal based micro-ring resonator (MRR) structure is proposed which is very compact in size and has very fast response and is employed for temperature...     

Recovery and Recycling Silica Flux in Submerged Arc Welding – Acceptable Properties and Economical Correlation

Silicon - This research aims at optimum utilization of waste recycled submerged arc welding slag along with virgin flux in place of pure virgin flux without compromising the quality of welding and...