The Young’s modulus of Ti-V and Ti-V-Sn alloys quenched from the β-phase region after solution treatment and cold rolling
was investigated in relation to alloy compositions, microstructures, and constituent phases. The composition dependence of
the Young’s modulus for quenched Ti-V binary alloys shows two minima of 69 GPa at Ti-10 mass pct V and 72 GPa at Ti-26 mass
pct V. Between the two compositions, athermalω or stress-induced ω is introduced in retainedβ phase and increases Young’s modulus. That is, a low Young’s modulus is attained unless alloys undergoω transformation. In Ti-5 and -8 mass pct V, which under goα′ (hcp) martensitic transformation on quenching, the Young’s modulus further decreases by cold rolling, which can be reasonably
explained by the formation ofα′ rolling texture. Comparing Young’s modulus in Ti-V binary alloy with that in Ti-Nb binary alloy, it is found that Young’s
modulus is remarkably increased by athermal- or stress inducedω phase, and it shows a minimum when both martensitic andω transformation are suppressed during quenching in metastableβ alloys. The Sn addition to Ti-V binary alloy retards or suppresses athermal and stress-inducedω transformation, thereby decreasing Young’s modulus. Young’s modulus exhibits minimum values of 51 GPa in quenched (Ti-12
pct V)-2 pct Sn and of 57 GPa in cold-rolled (Ti-12 pct V)-6 pct Sn. 相似文献
Neodymium-modified Bi4Ti3O12, (Bi, Nd)4Ti3O12 (BNT) ferroelectric thin films have been prepared on Pt/TiOx/SiO2/Si substrates using metal-organic precursor solutions by the chemical solution deposition method. The BNT precursor films crystallized into the Bi layered perovskite Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) as a single-phase above 600C. The synthesized BNT films revealed a random orientation having a strong 117 reflection, whereas non-substituted BIT thin films exhibited a random orientation with strong 00l diffractions. Among Bi4 – xNdxTi3O12 [x = 0.0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0] thin films, Bi3.25Nd0.75Ti3O12 thin films showed a well-saturated P-E hysteresis loop with the highest Pr (22 C/cm2) and a low Ec (69 kV/cm) at an applied voltage of 5 V. The Nd-substitution with the optimum amount for the Bi site in the BIT structure was effective not only for promoting the 117 preferred orientation but also for improving the microstructure and ferroelectric properties of the resultant films. 相似文献
For designing a fibre structure, the influence of structural parameters on optical loss is investigated experimentally for a graded-index fibre. The fibre with large cladding/outer-layer index difference and small cladding thickness is found to have large excess loss near excitation points, such as a launching point and a splicing point. 相似文献
This paper describes the terrain height measurement capability of synthetic aperture radar with an interferometer assuming the radar operates on a satellite. The interferometer phase measurement uncertainty due to additive thermal noise and multiplicative speckle noise, which determine the upper limit of the height measurement accuracies of this radar system, has been obtained by numerical simulation. The height measurement accuracies attainable on a relatively flat terrain areas are of roughly the same order as range resolution when C- or X- band radar is operated at an altitude of 300 km. 相似文献
The activities for NO reduction with ammonia in the presence and absence of O2 have been examined over copper salts supported on activated carbon (AC) and carbon black (CB) which have been characterized
by application of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy before and after use in the reduction process. The beneficial
effects of increases in loading and the introduction of oxygen are demonstrated. On the most active catalyst and under optimum
conditions 100% reduction of the NO to N2 occurs at 180 °C and Cu, Cu2O and CuO on the catalyst are shown to be present at various stages of the preparation and reduction process with large crystallites
of metallic copper detected on the AC catalyst of optimum loading. Deactivation and regeneration of the catalysts is also
examined. A mechanism for the redox process is proposed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
The isothermal shrinkage behaviors of fine zirconia powders (containing 2.8–2.9 mol% Y2O3) with specific surface areas of about 6 and 16 m2/g were investigated to clarify the effect of specific surface area on the initial sintering stage. The shrinkage of powder compact was measured under constant temperatures in the range of 1000°–1100°C. The increase in specific surface area enhanced the densification rate with increasing temperature. The values of activation energy ( Q ) and frequency-factor term (β0) of diffusion at initial sintering were estimated by applying the sintering-rate equation to the isothermal shrinkage data. The Q of diffusion changes little but the β0 increases with the increase in specific surface area. It is therefore concluded that the increase in the specific surface area of fine zirconia powder enhances the shrinkage rate because of an increase in the β0 at the initial stage of sintering. 相似文献
We report the asymmetric allylic alkylation of allylic chlorides with silyl enolates as a carbon nucleophile using a planar‐chiral cyclopentadienyl‐ruthenium (Cp′Ru) catalyst. The reaction proceeds under unusually mild conditions to give the desired branched products with complete regioselectivity and high enantioselectivity, and reactive functional groups, such as aldehyde, can be tolerated. In this reaction system, Cp′Ru plays an important role in activating both silyl enolate and allylic chloride.
The gas-phase catalytic oxidation of benzene over copper supported on HZSM-5 added with titanium (Cu/Ti/HZSM-5) was carried out by using molecular oxygen as an oxidant. Phenol was effectively produced by the titanium addition to Cu/HZSM-5. The titanium addition to Cu/HZSM-5 induces the easy reduction of Cu2+ species to Cu+ species in the catalysts, and the produced Cu+ species seems to produce the phenol effectively. 相似文献
We hydrothermally synthesized anatase films on Ti substrates from transparent aqueous solutions of layered titanate colloids. The morphology and wetting properties of the films were examined. The films consisted of columnar aggregates grown on the Ti substrates, which resulted in high orientation. Randomly oriented films were obtained when alumina was used as a substrate, whereas the sol–gel precoating of a titanium oxide (TiO2) layer on alumina substrates resulted in similar orientation as that of the films on Ti substrates. Thus, the presence of TiO2 on the substrate surface plays an important role in the orientation of columnar aggregates. The columnar aggregates were similar in microstructure to the arms of a type of six-pointed star-like anatase aggregate synthesized hydrothermally from the same reaction solutions. They were composed of twins of tapered anatase nanocrystals, which provided a rough film surface. The film surface was highly hydrophilic and oleophilic due to the nanoscale roughness even when the film was not irradiated with UV light. 相似文献
We have screened the p53 status of 156 human cell lines, including 142 tumor cell lines from 27 different tumor types and 14 cell lines from normal tissues by using functional analysis of separated alleles in yeast. This assay enables us to score wild-type p53 expression on the basis of the ability of expressed p53 to transactivate the reporter gene HIS3 via the p53-responsive GAL1 promotor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Of 142 tumor cell lines, at least 104 lines (73.2%) were found to express the mutated p53 gene: 94 lines (66.2%) were mutated in both alleles, three lines (2.1%) were heterozygous, and no p53 cDNA was amplified from seven lines (4.9%). Of the 14 cell lines originating from normal tissues, all the transformed or immortalized cell lines expressed mutant p53 only. Yeast cells expressing mutant p53 derived from 94 cell lines were analyzed for temperature-sensitive growth. p53 cDNA from eight cell lines showed p53-dependent temperature-sensitive growth, growing at 30 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C. Four temperature-sensitive p53 mutations were isolated: CAT-->CGT at codon 214 (H214R), TAC-->TGC at codon 234 (Y234C), GTG-->ATG at codon 272 (V272M), and GAG-->AAG (E285K). Functionally wild-type p53 was detected in 38 tumor cell lines (26.8%) and all of the diploid fibroblasts at early and late population doubling levels. These results strongly support the previous findings that p53 inactivation is one of the most frequent genetic events that occurs during carcinogenesis and immortalization. 相似文献