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941.
Sarkar T.K. Su C. Adve R. Salazar-Palma M. Garcia-Castillo L. Boix R.R. 《Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE》1998,40(5):49-68
The objective of this paper is to present the subject of wavelets from a filter-theory perspective, which is quite familiar to electrical engineers. Such a presentation provides both physical and mathematical insights into the problem. It is shown that taking the discrete wavelet transform of a function is equivalent to filtering it by a bank of constant-Q filters, the non-overlapping bandwidths of which differ by an octave. The discrete wavelets are presented, and a recipe is provided for generating such entities. One of the goals of this tutorial is to illustrate how the wavelet decomposition is carried out, starting from the fundamentals, and how the scaling functions and wavelets are generated from the filter-theory perspective. Examples (including image compression) are presented to illustrate the class of problems for which the discrete wavelet techniques are ideally suited. It is interesting to note that it is not necessary to generate the wavelets or the scaling functions in order to implement the discrete wavelet transform. Finally, it is shown how wavelet techniques can be used to solve operator/matrix equations. It is shown that the “orthogonal-transform property” of the discrete wavelet techniques does not hold in numerical computations 相似文献
942.
Qualitative urinalysis methods of monitoring cocaine use may over-detect frequency of use, possibly decreasing the ability of clinical trials to detect effective treatments. Quantitative urinalysis and newly developed criteria for identifying new cocaine use were evaluated as alternative measures of cocaine use. Urine specimens collected in a cocaine dosing study in non-treatment-seeking subjects (n = 5) and a cocaine treatment trial (n = 37) were analyzed for the cocaine metabolite, benzoylecgonine, with qualitative and quantitative methods. Pharmacokinetic criteria ('New Use' rules) were applied to quantitative data to identify occasions of new cocaine use. Results were compared to known cocaine administrations in the laboratory study and to self-reported drug use and qualitative urinalysis for subjects in the clinical trial. New Use criteria correctly identified cocaine administrations in the cocaine dosing study in all but a small number of specimens. In the clinical trial, quantitative urinalysis and estimated New Uses provided more information about patterns and frequency of use than qualitative urinalysis in the different treatment conditions in the clinical trial. Interpretation of quantitative urinalysis with New Use rules appears to be a useful method for monitoring treatment outcome and may be more accurate than traditional qualitative urinalysis in estimating frequency of cocaine use. 相似文献
943.
A chromosomally integrated Bradyrhizobium japonicum hoxA mutant is unable to oxidize hydrogen in free-living conditions. Derepressing conditions that induce hydrogenase activity in free-living, wild-type B. japonicum cells cannot induce expression of the hydrogenase structural genes in the hoxA mutant. The DNA-binding capacity of HoxA at the hup promoter region was studied by means of gel retardation. Both heterotrophically growing cells and cells induced to express hydrogenase activity contain a protein that specifically binds to the hup promoter region. Crude protein extracts isolated from a B. japonicum hoxA mutant do not contain this binding compound. The HoxA protein was overexpressed in E. coli and isolated in the form of a maltose-binding protein (MBP)-HoxA fusion. The MBP-HoxA hybrid protein specifically bound to a 50 bp region of the hupSL promoter known to be important for regulation of hupSL expression. 相似文献
944.
945.
J Weber P Majer J Litera J Urban M Soucek J Vondrásek J Konvalinka P Novek J Sedlácek P Strop HG Kr?usslich I Pichová 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,341(1):62-69
The results of investigation of haptoglobin (Hp) types in 596 donor blood samples in some towns of Ukraine (Dnepropetrovsk, Kharkov, Odessa, Kiev, Uzhgorod, Zhitomir) are presented. Three normal Hp types (Hp1-1, Hp2-1 and Hp2-2) have been found. The reliable interpopulation differences in the Hp types frequency were not found. On the whole the Hp types frequency in the type Hp1-1 comprised 12.7%. In the type Hp2-1-48.1% and in the type Hp2-2-36.5%. The frequency of the gene Hp1 is 0.38. The frequency of the Hp types and of the gene Hpl in Ukraine is similar to that in population of Eastern Europe and European Part of Russia. 相似文献
946.
947.
We study the cross product as a method for generating and analyzing interconnection network topologies for multiprocessor systems. Consider two interconnection graphs G1 and G2 each with some established properties such as symmetry, low degree and diameter, scalability, simple optimal routing, recursive structure (partitionability), fault tolerance, existence of node-disjoint paths, low cost embedding, and efficient broadcasting. We investigate and evaluate the corresponding properties for the cross product of G1 and G2 based on the properties of G1 and those of G2. We also give a mathematical characterization of product families of graphs which are closed under the cross product operation. This investigation is useful in two ways. On one hand, it gives a new tool for further studying some of the known interconnection topologies, such as the hypercube and the mesh, which can be defined using the cross product operation. On the other hand, it can be used in defining and evaluating new interconnection graphs using the cross product operation on known topologies 相似文献
948.
J.-M DURAND J OLIVIER-FOURCADE J.-C JUMAS M WOMES P PARENT 《Journal of Materials Science》1997,32(17):4679-4686
The local environment of arsenic atoms in vitreous samples of the system Sb2S3–As2S3–Tl2S has been studied by EXAFS at the AsK-edge. The crystalline compound Tl5.6As15S25.3 situated within the zone of glass formation of the Sb2S3–As2S3–Tl2S phase diagram was used as reference compound in order to derive appropriate phase and amplitude functions. The structure
parameters determined were the number of first neighbours N
As–S, the arsenic-sulphur distance, R
As–S, and the Debye-Waller factor, σAs–S. The influence of the glass-forming antimony sulphide Sb2S3 and the glass-modifying thallium sulphide Tl2S on the As2S3 host matrix has been shown.
This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
949.
J Müller-Ehmsen K Brixius C Schulze RH Schwinger 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,355(6):727-732
Insect cell lines in culture are used for a variety of studies. In this laboratory imaginal disc cell lines have been established from primary cultures from third instar larvae, and used for a number of experiments. The effect of ageing on the morphology and physiology of Drosophila cell lines has received very little attention, although problems of genotypic or phenotypic changes in cell lines with age are recognized in other areas of animal cell culture. We tested our cell line Cl8+ for any difference in growth, morphology and response to 20-hydroxyecdysone (20HE) at different ages (passage numbers). The cells were found to multiply faster, adhere less firmly to the substrate and to lose the tendency to aggregate at higher passages. The response to 20HE in terms of cell numbers and induction of beta-galactosidase was similar at all passage numbers but morphological changes in hormone-treated cells were less obvious in the higher passages. Cell lines are likely to vary in the extent of ageing effects but workers are advised to be aware of the possibilities. We suggest the effects of age on cell lines should be established, and passage numbers noted in experimental reports. 相似文献
950.
Chien S.Y.P. Xue L.Q. Palakal M. 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》1997,27(6):1007-1007
For a mobile robot to be practical, it needs to navigate in dynamically changing environments and manipulate objects in the environment with operating ease. The main challenges to satisfying these requirements in mobile robot research include the collection of robot environment information, storage and organization of this information, and fast task planning based on available information. Conventional approaches to these problems are far from satisfactory due to their requirement of high computation time. In this paper, we specifically address the problems of storage and organization of the environment information and fast task planning in the area of robotic research. We propose an special object-oriented data model (OODM) for information storage and management in order to solve the first problem. This model explicitly represents domain knowledge and abstracts a global perspective about the robot's dynamically changing environment. To solve the second problem, we introduce a fast task planning algorithm that fully uses domain knowledge related to robot applications and to the given environment. Our OODM based task planning method presents a general frame work and representation, into which domain specific information, domain decomposition methods and specific path planners can be tailored for different task planning problems. This method unifies and integrates the salient features from various areas such as database, artificial intelligence, and robot path planning, thus increasing the planning speed significantly 相似文献