The Ideal of Community and Its Counterfeit Construction

Under the banner of New Urbanism, the marketing of community is inherently exclusionary. These developments, produced with mandated aesthetics, proffer a vernacular image of community for the social relations and personal identification of place. This commodification is socially corrosive. Design guidelines, costs, contracts, legal prohibitions, marketing, and surveillance all establish the exclusive criteria of residency, but cannot substitute for social interaction and self-definition. Community is an arena of participation that evolves through discourse, a constituent missing within the philosophy and constructed developments of New Urbanism.     

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE FROM JAW ALA SHRIMP (ACETES INDICUS)

Alkaline phosphatase was isolated from Jawala shrimps (Acetes indicus), a tiny crustacean. The hepatopancreas (head region) is a good source of this enzyme. pH optima of the partial purified enzyme was found to he 9.5 and optimal temperature for maximal activity was 40C. Jawala phosphatase was completely inhibited by 1, 10‐phenanthroline and EDTA, indicating that it is a metalloprotein. The activity of inhibited enzyme was restored by Zn²⁺ and Mn²⁺ salts. Feed back inhibition of the enzyme by inorganic phosphate was also observed.     

A Recurrent Neural Network that Learns to Count

Parallel distributed processing (PDP) architectures demonstrate a potentially radical alternative to the traditional theories of language processing that are based on serial computational models. However, learning complex structural relationships in temporal data presents a serious challenge to PDP systems. For example, automata theory dictates that processing strings from a context-free language (CFL) requires a stack or counter memory device. While some PDP models have been hand-crafted to emulate such a device, it is not clear how a neural network might develop such a device when learning a CFL. This research employs standard backpropagation training techniques for a recurrent neural network (RNN) in the task of learning to predict the next character in a simple deterministic CFL (DCFL). We show that an RNN can learn to recognize the structure of a simple DCFL. We use dynamical systems theory to identify how network states reflect that structure by building counters in phase space. The work is an empirical investigation which is complementary to theoretical analyses of network capabilities, yet original in its specific configuration of dynamics involved. The application of dynamical systems theory helps us relate the simulation results to theoretical results, and the learning task enables us to highlight some issues for understanding dynamical systems that process language with counters.     

无线产品半导体工艺的选择

众多的无线标准以及它们在单芯片上相互组合的可能性为实现下一代产品的生产工艺提出了很多问题。数字CMOS、RFCMOS和SiGe BiCMOS之间在工艺、成本和性能三方面存在一定的权衡,但是人们的争论更倾向于采用数字CMOS工艺作为无线产品设计的可行性方案,因为生产规模是不完善的,需要针对功能上的扩展做进一步的分析,而功能上的扩展可能在技术标准上与基于CMOS的特殊工艺存在对立。     

Transfer of radioactive contamination from milk to commercial dairy products

The fate of radioactive contamination resulting from fallout from the Chernobyl accident was studied during milk processing. A range of commercial dairy products was produced on a pilot/laboratory scale and the radiocaesium contents were measured by high-resolution gamma spectrometry. The results show that the radiocaesium partitioned with the water phase and therefore butter, cream and cheese had relatively low levels of radioactivity. Ion exchange demineralization was effective in removing radiocaesium from whey. Ultrafiltration of whey resulted in a reduction of radioactivity relative to retentate solids.     

TEXTURAL CHANGES IN VEGETABLES DURING THERMAL PROCESSING. I. A DESCRIPTIVE METHOD to SEGREGATE EFFECTS of PROCESS TREATMENTS

Criteria for assessing the effect of processing treatments on the texture of processed foods were developed. Five parameters were defined, relating the hardening or softening of a food material and allowing for the comparison between different processing procedures. In order to determine the usefulness of this method, the parameters were applied to experimental data reported in literature for thermal processing of fruits and vegetables. Three parameters were defined for identifying the effect of a given preprocessing treatment on the raw material texture, the effect of the preprocessing treatment on the sensitivity of the vegetable tissue to the thermal processing and the overall effect. the two remaining parameters were used to describe additional information regarding the process kinetics, that is, to assess the effect of time and temperature on the rate of softening/hardening.     

Space Charge and Electrode Polarization in Glass, I

This is Part I of a two-part series on space charge in glass. This part is primarily a review and covers the general nature of the observed phenomena, the relation of these phenomena to usual concepts such as dielectric constant and electrical conduction, and the present understanding of these phenomena in glass. This review serves to describe the background and motivation for the work set forth in Part 11, which is a discussion of recent theory and experiment on space charge in glass. Areas for further investigation also are suggested.     

Steam Sintering of Uranium Dioxide

The following variables were considered in an investigation of the sintering of uranium dioxide: (1) sintering aids, i.e., small additions of substances that might aid the densification process, (2) soaking temperature, (3) soaking time, (4) furnace atmosphere, and (5) particle size of the uranium dioxide. The incipient sintering temperature, the effect of binders, and the effect of fabricating pressure also were determined. The data obtained in the investigation led to the following optimum conditions for obtaining dense UO₂ by cold pressing and sintering: (1) preparing the UO₂ as a submicron powder but not fine enough to be pyrophoric, (2) cold pressing at 20 to 30 tons per sq. in. without the use of organic binders, (3) using the following sintering schedule: ( a ) in H₂ to 1400°C., (b) in steam or a wet inert gas from 1400° to 1500°C., ( c ) in steam or a wet inert gas at 1500°C. for a 1-hour soak, and (d) cooling in H₂ from 1500°C. to room temperature. By following this procedure, pellets of UO₂ (3/8 in. in diameter by 1/4 in. high) were obtained that were 97 to 98% of theoretical density.