Effects of Alhagi Honey Polysaccharides as Feed Supplement on Intestine Function and Microbiome,Immune Function,and Growth Performance in Chicken

Hy-Line Brown chickens’ health is closely related to poultry productivity and it is mainly maintained by the immune system, healthy intestinal function, and microflora of chicken. Polysaccharides are biological macromolecules with a variety of activities that can be used as a potential prebiotic to improve poultry health. In this experiment, the function of Alhagi honey polysaccharides (AH) as an immunomodulator on the chicken was investigated. All chicken (120) were randomly distributed to four groups (five replicas/group, six hens/replica). A total of 0.5 mL water was taken orally by the chicken in control group. AH (0.5 mL) in different concentrations (three dosages, 0.3 g/kg, 0.6 g/k, and 1.2 g/kg) were used for the AH-0.3 g/kg, AH-0.6 g/k, and AH-1.2 g/kg group, respectively. The results showed that the growth performance of the chickens and the index of immune organs (the weight of immune organs/the body weight) were enhanced significantly after being AH-treated (p < 0.05). The content of sIgA and cytokines was upregulated remarkably in the intestine after being AH-treated (p < 0.05). The AH treatment significantly enhanced the intestinal epithelial barrier (p < 0.05). Moreover, the percentage of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in the ileum, spleen, and serum were obviously upscaled (p < 0.05). In addition, the AH treatment significantly enhanced the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and improved the structure of gut microbiota (p < 0.05). In conclusion, we found that AH-1.2g/kg was the best dosage to improve the chicken’s health, and these data demonstrated that AH could be used as a potential tool to enhance growth performance through improving intestine function, immunity, and gut microbiome in chicken.     

Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 β-Glucan Attenuates Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-Induced Disruption of Intestinal Epithelium in Weaned Pigs

To explore the protective effect of dietary β-glucan (BGL) supplementation on intestinal epithelium exposure to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), thirty-two weaned pigs were assigned to four groups. Pigs were fed with a basal diet or basal diet containing 500 mg/kg BGL, and were orally infused with ETEC or culture medium. Results showed BGL supplementation had no influence on growth performance in weaned pigs. However, BGL supplementation increased the absorption of D-xylose, and significantly decreased the serum concentrations of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) in the ETEC-challenged pigs (p < 0.05). Interestingly, BGL significantly increased the abundance of the zonula occludens-1-(ZO-1) in the jejunal epithelium upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). BGL supplementation also increased the number of S-phase cells and the number of sIgA-positive cells, but significantly decreased the number of total apoptotic cells in the jejunal epithelium upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). Moreover, BGL significantly increased the duodenal catalase (CAT) activity and the ileal total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in the ETEC-challenged pigs (p < 0.05). Importantly, BGL significantly decreased the expression levels of critical inflammation related proteins such as the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interlukin-6 (IL-6), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the jejunal and ileal mucosa upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). BGL also elevated the propanoic acid content and the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bacillus in the colon upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). These results suggested BGL could alleviate the ETEC-induced intestinal epithelium injury, which may be associated with suppressed inflammation and improved intestinal immunity and antioxidant capacity, as well as the improved intestinal macrobiotic.     

重解大学校园外部空间环境标识系统

该文通过分析标识信息栽体的类型,提出广义标识的概念,并揭示了其在形成校园意向中的重要作用.再此基础上,将校园标识系统分为四大类,进一步探讨了其设计原则.     

基于BIM和移动定位的施工质量管理系统

本研究基于建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)技术和室内移动定位技术, 研制施工质量管理系统, 用于建筑工程施工质量验收, 以解决目前施工质量验收中规范实施过程中存在的漏检、数据二次转录等问题。本研究从施工质量验收相关规范出发, 分析了施工质量验收的标准化过程与要求, 并在此基础上设计了系统功能, 建立了系统架构。然后提出了基于BIM的验收任务生成算法、移动定位集成方法等关键技术与方法, 研制了施工质量管理的原型系统。最后, 该原型系统在实际工程施工中进行了试用, 验证了该系统的可行性。     

新型捕收剂KZ在氧化铅锌矿浮选中的应用

氧化铅锌矿的选矿是国内外选矿界公认的难题。经过大量的设计、复配研究,成功开发了氧化锌新型捕收剂,获得了锌精矿品位35.09%、回收率86.69%指标,达到了国内先进水平。     

企业资本结构最优化的探讨

根据权益资本与债务资本的不同特点,提出了资本结构最优的量化标准.同时提出,资本结构的优劣是相对于公司在特定时期、特定条件下而言的,在实践中,要结合企业销售增长率及稳定性、企业所处行业的特点以及当时社会经济环境等因素综合考虑.     

Synergistic inhibitive effect of cysteine and iodide ions on corrosion behavior of copper in acidic sulfate solution

The synergistic inhibitive effect of cysteine(Cys)and iodide ions on the corrosion behavior of copper was examined in a 0.5 mol·L-1 Na2SO4 solution.Poten-tiodyn...     

深冲钢板在线检测技术的探讨

根据当今的钢板在线检测技术状况,探讨了X射线和超声波钢板在线检测的基本原理和技术手段.获取织构信息是在线检测的关键环节.借助对IF钢板织构的取向分布函数分析,讨论了取向分布函数展开阶数l_max对织构信息的影响.在此基础之上分析了现有在线检测技术上存在的若干问题及提高检测精度的可能性.经比较认为X射线法具有更广阔的发展前景.     

论王阳明的知行合一说

知行关系是中国哲学的重要内容,在不同的历史时期有不同的表现形态."知行合一"说是王阳明提出的重要命题,他针对朱熹的"知先行后"论和言行脱节的社会时弊,大力提倡"知行合一",强调"践履德行","事上磨炼"."知是行之始,行是知之成".王阳明不仅认为"知行"是以"良知"为本体,知行合一并进;而且还强调"不行不足谓之知",行而后知,注重实践的重要性.     

一种合成孔径雷达用的光学处理器

本文介绍由三个透镜组成的对合成孔径雷达数据进行现场处理的光学处理器。它具有轻便、灵活、容易调整、适应范围大和便于装拆的特点。