F-containing cations improve the performance of perovskite solar cells

Organic–inorganic halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have delivered power conversion efficiency(PCE)on par with that of crystalline silicon solar cells,due to the considerable effort on the optimization of perovskite materials and devices[1].The three-dimensional(3D)perovskite-based PSCs with the standard n–i–p architecture gave a certified PCE of25.5%[2].However,the poor device stability under operating conditions remains an obstacle to commercialization.The 3D hybrid perovskite materials are susceptible to oxygen,UV light,humidity,heat,and electric fields[3].To improve device stability,two main strategies are applied:(1)improving the intrinsic stability[4];(2)providing sufficient protection.     

Detecting the One-Shot Dummy Attack on the Power Industrial Control Processes With an Unsupervised Data-Driven Approach

<正>Dear Editor,Dummy attack(DA), a deep stealthy but impactful data integrity attack on power industrial control processes, is recently recognized as hiding the corrupted measurements in normal measurements. In this letter, targeting a more practical case, we aim to detect the oneshot DA, with the purpose of revealing the DA once it is launched.Specifically, we first formulate an optimization problem to generate one-shot DAs. Then, an unsupervised data-driven approach based on a modified l...     

中药对酒精性肝损伤的保护作用研究进展

目的：分析药食同源物质缓解酒精性肝损伤相关领域的研究现状及热点内容,为学者对药食同源物质缓解酒精性肝损伤的深入研究提供思路。方法：采用文献计量学方法,以CNKI、WOS及PubMed数据库为文献源,对自建库起至2022年12月药食同源物质缓解酒精性肝损伤研究领域文献的分布情况进行检索和分析。结果：共检索药食同源物质缓解酒精性肝损伤的中英文文献418篇,专利276项。国内该领域研究起步较晚,但发展速度快,且发文量及专利数量均高于国外,发文量呈指数型结构上升,专利量呈线性结构上升;研究热点主要为葛根、枳椇子、枸杞等药食同源物质缓解酒精性肝损伤的作用机制研究。结论：通过分析药食同源物质缓解酒精性肝损伤文献及专利现状,系统总结了酒精性肝损伤的发病机制,主要与乙醇代谢、氧化应激、免疫炎症反应及肠道屏障受损和菌群失调相关;药食同源物质缓解酒精性肝损伤的作用机制主要与抗脂质过氧化、抗氧化应激反应、抗炎作用及清除自由基、调节肠道菌群有关;未来该领域将以网络药理学、组学技术等技术手段进行更深入的机制研究。

     

Dual-Schottky-junctions coupling device based on ultra-long β-Ga2O3 single-crystal nanobelt and its photoelectric properties

High quality β-Ga₂O₃ single crystal nanobelts with length of 2−3 mm and width from tens of microns to 132 μm were synthesized by carbothermal reduction method. Based on the grown nanobelt with the length of 600 μm, the dual-Schottky-junctions coupling device (DSCD) was fabricated. Due to the electrically floating Ga₂O₃ nanobelt region coupling with the double Schottky-junctions, the current I_S2 increases firstly and rapidly reaches into saturation as increase the voltage V_S2. The saturation current is about 10 pA, which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of a single Schottky-junction. In the case of solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, the photogenerated electrons further aggravate the coupling physical mechanism in device. I_S2 increases as the intensity of UV light increases. Under the UV light of 1820 μW/cm², I_S2 quickly enters the saturation state. At V_S2 = 10 V, photo-to-dark current ratio (PDCR) of the device reaches more than 10⁴, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is 1.6 × 10³%, and the detectivity (D^*) is 7.5 × 10¹² Jones. In addition, the device has a very short rise and decay times of 25−54 ms under different positive and negative bias. DSCD shows unique electrical and optical control characteristics, which will open a new way for the application of nanobelt-based devices.     

Rockfill material uncertainty inversion analysis of concrete-faced rockfill dams using stacking ensemble strategy and Jaya optimizer

Numerical simulation of concrete-faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) considering the spatial variability of rockfill has become a popular research topic in recent years. In order to determine uncertain rockfill properties efficiently and reliably, this study developed an uncertainty inversion analysis method for rockfill material parameters using the stacking ensemble strategy and Jaya optimizer. The comprehensive implementation process of the proposed model was described with an illustrative CFRD example. First, the surrogate model method using the stacking ensemble algorithm was used to conduct the Monte Carlo stochastic finite element calculations with reduced computational cost and improved accuracy. Afterwards, the Jaya algorithm was used to inversely calculate the combination of the coefficient of variation of rockfill material parameters. This optimizer obtained higher accuracy and more significant uncertainty reduction than traditional optimizers. Overall, the developed model effectively identified the random parameters of rockfill materials. This study provided scientific references for uncertainty analysis of CFRDs. In addition, the proposed method can be applied to other similar engineering structures.     

ADS-B技术在杭州空管自动化系统中的应用

提出一种广播式自动相关监视（ADS-B）天线配置分析模型,该模型可实现基于本地具体情况获得满足空管管制要求的ADS-B天线部署方案,为后续ADS-B站点部署实施时选择定向/全向天线提供决策工具。本文以报文正确解码率作为评估定向/全向天线效果的直接指标,从飞机数量、雷达/TCAS部署情况、飞机应答/广播速率等3个角度出发,获得空域单目标每秒发送报文的数量,分析其与定向/全向ADS-B接收设备报文解码率的关联性,从而得到定向天线与全向天线配置下报文解码率分析模型,然后设置模型相关参数,通过模型解算获得相应的正确解码率。通过实际录取数据对该模型正确性进行相关验证,结果与理论模型基本保持一致,证明ADS-B天线配置分析模型是正确有效的。

     

高炉冶炼硅锰合金试验

高炉法辅助电炉因地制宜地生产硅锰铁合金,可以充分利用我国贫锰矿资源,并有可能提供一个新的高炉铁合金品种。
在理论分析的基础上,在一座36m³的小高炉上进行了工业冶炼试验。试验表明:在高炉上用富氧鼓风冶炼含Si=12-14%的硅锰铁合金,在技术上是成功的,在我国条件下,经济上也是有益的。     

M-α-β三元系中α组元的扩散方程及两种特定条件下的解

根据扩散理论及组元间的交互作用,建立了M-α-β三元系中,β组元的分布变化时,α组元的扩散方程。并且给出了\     

渣中(MnO)对铁水的脱硅作用

为了分析渣中(MnO)对铁水含﹝Si﹞的影响,本文在总结杭钢等高炉渣中(MnO)与生铁﹝Si﹞含量变化的基础上,根据作者的实验室研究与国外学者的研究,重点分析了﹝Si﹞+2(MnO)=2﹝Mn﹞+(SiO₂)反应式的脱﹝Si﹞作用,并指出了影响该反应的限制性因素。     

Interfacial Phase in Ti-5Al-2Mo-3Zr Alloy

Under appropriate cooling condition, intcrfacial phase appeared between α and β phases in Ti-5Al-2M0-3Zr alloy. Its thickness could reach 100 nm. The interfacial phase was either single layer structure or double layer structure. The monolithic layer adjacent to 3 phase was indentified as fee structure with relationship （110）_β// （001）_m, [11$\\mathop 1\\limits^{{\\rm{ - - }}} $]_β /[110]_m. The striated layer adjacent to a phase was indentified as hep with twin relationship {10$\\bar 1$1}<1$\\bar 0$12> to α. Thus, the study provided a new experimental fact for the controversial topic on structure of striated layer. Chemical composition of interfacial phase varied slightly with heat treatments, but always between that of α and β phases.