化工原理课程设计教学内容和模式探索与实践

本文针对化工原理课程设计存在的题目单一、物系和案例库不完善、考核方式过于简单、工程能力和创新能力训练不理想、抄袭严重等问题,对课程设计的教学内容、教学模式和考核方式等方面提出了改进措施。我校的实践表明,这些改进措施有效地提高了课程设计教学质量。     

Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism of Imidazoline-Based Dissymmetric Bis-Quaternary Ammonium Salts with Different Hydrophobic Chain Length on Q235 Steel in 1 M HCl Solution

The surface properties of a series of imidazoline‐based dissymmetric bis‐quaternary ammonium (DBA) salts with different hydrophobic chain lengths DBA‐12, DBA‐14 and DBA‐16 were determined. The adsorption behaviors of these compounds in 1 M HCl solution and their inhibitive effect on Q235 steel (U12350) were investigated using the weight‐loss method, polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results indicate that the three inhibitors all showed good inhibition performance for Q235 Steel in 1 M HCl solution and were found to be mixed‐type inhibitors. The adsorption behavior of the three inhibitors can fit the Langmuir isotherm equation and the values of are around or lower than 40 kJ mol^?1, indicating that there is a stronger chemical adsorption.     

A dissymmetric bis-quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant as effective inhibitor for Q235 steel in hydrochloric acid

The inhibition effect and adsorption behavior of a novel dissymmetric bisquaternary ammonium salt (DBAL) for Q235 steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid medium were investigated using weight loss method, polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The result of weight loss method indicates that the inhibition efficiency increased with DBAL concentration and temperature in the studied range. The inhibition efficiency is above 90% at a concentration of 3.28 × 10⁻⁴ M in the temperature range of 298–328 K. The polarization measurements reveal that DBAL is a mix-type inhibitor which mainly inhibits cathodic process. EIS results show that changes in the impedance parameters (R_ct and C_d) were due to the formation of a protective layer on the Q235 steel surface by the adsorption of inhibitor molecules. Adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm via chemical adsorption on the Q235 steel surface. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were evaluated from the effect of temperature on corrosion and inhibition processes to discuss the adsorption mechanism.     

Flame-spraying synthesis of aluminate glasses in the Al2O3–La2O3 system

The paper deals with the synthesis and characterisation of binary aluminate glasses in the La₂O₃–Al₂O₃ system with Al₂O₃ contents changing between 74.6 and 86.9 mol% (48–65 wt.%), and of ternary glasses with 75.7 mol% Al₂O₃ doped with 1 mol% of Nd₂O₃ or Er₂O₃. Six binary and two ternary compositions were prepared. Flame synthesis facilitated the preparation of X-ray amorphous microspheres in the systems with 58 wt.% Al₂O₃, and with eutectic composition in the pseudobinary LaAlO₃–LaAl₁₁O₁₈ system doped with Er. Other systems contained low fractions of crystalline LaAlO₃ perovskite, regardless of the composition. The diameter of prepared microspheres ranged between 2 and 10 μm. They were transparent for visible light, as well as in the IR wavenumber range from 1300 to 4000 cm^?1.     

低放废液处理设施一次蒸发器液位稳定性研究

建立了低放废液处理设施一次蒸发器液位控制的数学模型,进行了simulink仿真。结合试车的情况,探究了影响一次蒸发器液位稳定的因素。结果表明,通过选择适当的PID调节器参数,蒸发器液位、进料量、蒸汽流量均保持良好的稳定性。同时,分离室负压以及出料量的微小波动不会对液位的稳定产生较大的影响。     

电子束固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的研究

电子束固化（EB）作为一种新型的固化技术,与传统固化方法相比较,具有高效,低成本,环保等优点,有着独特的优势,已经应用于印刷业、EB油墨和胶粘剂行业中.目前已经通过电子束固化成功的涂料主要是环氧树脂体系.文章对电子束固化的另一很有前景的体系水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯固化的机理及发展进行综述.     

化工工艺学课堂教学与实践环节的教学改革

为了适应化学工业发展对工程技术人才的需求,培养创新能力强、工程素质高的化工专业技术人才,课题组从课堂教学入手,结合实践环节进行探讨与分析,进一步深化了化工工艺学课程的教学改革,提高了教学质量,培养了学生的工程素质和创新意识。     

预分散橡胶助剂的质量控制及其在橡胶中的应用

介绍预分散橡胶助剂的质量控制及其在橡胶中的应用。预分散橡胶助剂的质量控制包括组分(橡胶助剂、载体、添加剂)质量控制、生产工艺控制、产品质量控制。与传统橡胶助剂相比,预分散橡胶助剂在橡胶中分散性好,胶料硫化性能稳定,物理性能好。     

水煤浆气化炉用耐火材料抗渣性试验方法的研究进展

简要介绍了抗渣性试验方法的研究现状,分析了静态坩埚法、回转抗渣法和高温滴渣法的优缺点及其相关方面的研究工作。在现有抗渣性试验方法的基础上提出了一种多因素模拟试验方法,该方法更接近于水煤浆气化炉的工况条件,对水煤浆气化炉用耐火材料的选材和研发具有更准确、更可靠的指导意义。     

Internal bias field relaxation in poled Mn-doped Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3–Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramics

The frequency, electric field cycling and temperature dependences of the polarization–electric field (P–E), strain–electric field (S–E) loops in poled Mn-doped 0.05Pb(Mn_1/3Sb_2/3)O₃–0.50PbZrO₃–0.45PbTiO₃ ceramics have been investigated. The P–E and S–E loops are strongly asymmetric corresponding to the presence of an internal bias field E_i after poling and aging, indicating that the domain walls are strongly pinned by preferentially oriented defect dipoles formed by the acceptor dopant ions (Mn²⁺/Mn³⁺) and O²⁻ vacancies. Whereas, the loops exhibit a tendency of changing from asymmetric shapes to normal symmetric ones with increasing electric field amplitude or decreasing frequency. Repeated electric field cycling as well as high temperature results in a similar effect. Meanwhile, the E_i reduces consequently, providing evidence of domain depinning or internal bias field relaxation. It is suggested that the reorientation of the defect dipoles and depinning of domain walls arising from high temperature or electric field cycling are responsible for this extrinsic internal bias field relaxation process.