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91.
Sehyun Park Okajima Y. Hirokawa J. Ando M. 《Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on》2005,53(9):2865-2871
This work proposes a dual-polarized planar antenna; two post-wall slotted waveguide arrays with orthogonal 45/spl deg/ linearly-polarized waves interdigitally share the aperture on a single layer substrate. Uniform excitation of the two-dimensional slot array is confirmed by experiment in the 25 GHz band. The isolation between two slot arrays is also investigated in terms of the relative displacement along the radiation waveguide axis in the interdigital structure. The isolation is 33.0 dB when the relative shift of slot position between the two arrays is -0.5/spl lambda//sub g/, while it is only 12.8 dB when there is no shift. The cross-polarization level in the far field is -25.2 dB for a -0.5/spl lambda//sub g/ shift, which is almost equal to that of the isolated single polarization array. It is degraded down to -9.6 dB when there is no shift. 相似文献
92.
Microstructures of hundreds of micron thick poly(styrene-block-isoprene) copolymer films solution-cast in a cylindrical tube with the solvent evaporation controlled were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and optical microscope (OM). In a block copolymer with cylindrical polyisoprene microdomains, the orientation of the cylinders was varied along radial direction of the cylindrical tube. Highly aligned hexagonal arrays of in-plane polyisoprene cylinders were formed with their cylindrical axis parallel to the circumference of the tube in the regimes close to the wall edge. In contrast randomly ordered microdomains were observed at the center of the tube. We have also found that the orientation depends on the solvent evaporation rate and an intermediate rate (∼2.3 nL/s) provides the best orientation. In the case of a block copolymer with a bicontinuous double gyroid structure, we obtained a globally ordered microstructure where [111] crystallographic direction was parallel to the circumference of the tube. For both block copolymers, the area of highly ordered arrays of nanoscopic domains is over 1 mm2. Development of the orientation was explained by coupling two orthogonal fields: (1) The flow of a solution induced by strong capillary force at a meniscus between the cylindrical tube wall and the block copolymer solution and (2) the solvent evaporation. 相似文献
93.
A fully-dense Cu-75 vol pct ZrW2O8 metal matrix composite was fabricated by hot isostatic pressing of Cu-coated ZrW2O8 particles. A small amount of the high-pressure γ-ZrW2O8 phase was created during the cooldown and depressurization following densification; near complete transformation to γ-ZrW2O8 was achieved by subsequent cold isostatic pressing. The thermal expansion behavior of the composite between 25°C and 325°C
was altered by the cold isostatic pressing treatment, and also depended on the length of time that had passed between thermal
cycles. The measured thermal expansion coefficients within specific temperature ranges varied from −6·10−6 K−1 to far above the thermal expansion coefficient of the copper matrix. The complex temperature-dependent expansion/contraction
behavior could be justified by considering the evolution of phase transformations taking place in the ZrW2O8 phase, which were observed by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements. 相似文献
94.
Nicolas Clauvelin Basile Audoly Sébastien Neukirch 《Scientific Modeling and Simulation》2007,14(1):95-101
The DNA molecule is modeled as an elastic rod with bending and twisting rigidities, subjected to external tension and twist applied at one end, the other end being clamped. We study the plectonemic equilibrium of such a rod, taking into account the impenetrability constraint. Numerical solutions of this boundary value problem have previously shown that purely elastic models can reproduce the supercoiling response of the DNA molecule. Using a variational approach, we derive analytical formulae for the elastic response of the filament, and extend former numerical results. 相似文献
95.
96.
Sung-Hoon An U-Yeol Park Kyung-In Kang Moon-Young Cho Hun-Hee Cho 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,21(4):259-264
Total conceptual cost estimates and the assessment of the quality of these estimates are critical in the early stages of a building construction project. In this study, the support vector machine (SVM) model for assessing the quality of conceptual cost estimates is proposed, and the application of SVM in construction areas is investigated. The results show that the SVM model assessed the quality of conceptual cost estimates slightly more accurately than the discriminant analysis model. This shows that using the SVM has potential in construction areas. In addition, the SVM model can assist clients in their evaluation of the quality of the estimated cost and the probability of exceeding the target cost, and in their decision on whether or not it is necessary to seek a more accurate estimate in the early stages of a project. 相似文献
97.
98.
We show new upper bounds for problems in the W-hierarchy of fixed-parameter complexity. A crucial ingredient of our proofs
is an extension to the W-RAM model, which permits more-powerful operations but remains equivalent to the original. We use
the extended model to give new upper bounds for Subsetsum, Maximum Irredundant Set, and various problems concerning intersection
of finite-state machines. 相似文献
99.
Daniel Meister 《Theory of Computing Systems》2007,41(2):257-289
A finite recurrent system over sets of natural numbers of dimension n is a pair composed of n n-ary functions over sets of
natural numbers and an n-tuple of singleton sets of natural numbers. Every function is applied to the entries of the tuple
and computes a set of natural numbers, that may also be empty. The results are composed into another tuple, and the process
is started anew. Thus, a finite recurrent system defines an infinite sequence of n-tuples containing sets of natural numbers.
The last entry of a generated n-tuple is called the output of a step, and the union of the output sets of all steps is the
set defined by the finite recurrent system. Membership problems ask whether a given number is in a specified output set or
in some output set. We study membership problems for special finite recurrent systems, whose functions are built from the
set operations union, intersection and complementation and the arithmetical operations addition and multiplication. Sum and
product of two sets of natural numbers are defined elementwise. We restrict the set of operations from which functions are
built and determine the impact on the complexity of the membership problems. We focus on PSPACE-decidable membership problems
and show completeness results for the complexity classes NL, NP and PSPACE. 相似文献
100.
Dynamic complexity investigates the required effort to maintain knowledge about a property of a structure under changing operations.
This article introduces a refined notion of dynamic problems which takes the initial structure into account. It develops the
basic structural complexity notions accordingly. It also shows that the dynamic version of the LOGCFL-complete problem D2LREACH(acyclic) can be maintained with first-order updates. 相似文献