Storing more energy in a limited device area is very challenging but crucial for the applications of flexible and wearable electronics. Metal vanadates have been regarded as a fascinating group of materials in many areas, especially in lithium‐ion storage. However, there has not been a versatile strategy to synthesize flexible metal vanadate hybrid nanostructures as binder‐free anodes for Li‐ion batteries so far. A convenient and versatile synthesis of MxVyOx+2.5y@carbon cloth (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) composites is proposed here based on a two‐step hydrothermal route. As‐synthesized products demonstrate hierarchical proliferous structure, ranging from nanoparticles (0D), and nanobelts (1D) to a 3D interconnected network. The metal vanadate/carbon hybrid nanostructures exhibit excellent lithium storage capability, with a high areal specific capacity up to 5.9 mAh cm?2 (which equals to 1676.8 mAh g?1) at a current density of 200 mA g?1. Moreover, the nature of good flexibility, mixed valence states, and ultrahigh mass loading density (over 3.5 mg cm?2) all guarantee their great potential in compact energy storage for future wearable devices and other related applications. 相似文献
Photoluminescence (PL) of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can be engineered by controlling the density of defects, which provide active sites for electron-hole recombination, either radiatively or non-radiatively. However, the implantation of defects by external stimulation, such as uniaxial tension and irradiation, tends to introduce local damages or structural non-homogeneity, which greatly degrades their luminescence properties and impede their applicability in constructing optoelectronic devices. In this paper, we present a strategy to introduce a controllable level of defects into the MoS2 monolayers by adding a hydrogen flow during the chemical vapor deposition, without sacrificing their luminescence characteristics. The density of the defect is controlled directly by the concentration of hydrogen. For an appropriate hydrogen flux, the monolayer MoS2 sheets have three times stronger PL emission at the excitonic transitions, compared with those samples with nearly perfect crystalline structure. The defect-bounded exciton transitions at lower energies arising in the defective samples and are maximized when the total PL is the strongest. However, the B exciton, exhibits a monotonic decline as the defect density increases. The Raman spectra of the defective MoS2 reveal a redshift (blueshift) of the in-plane (out-of-plane) vibration modes as the hydrogen flux increases. All the evidence indicates that the generated defects are in the form of sulfur vacancies. This study renders the high-throughput synthesis of defective MoS2 possible for catalysis or light emitting applications.
Molecular dynamic model of nanofluid between flat plates under shear flow conditions was built. The nanofluid model consisted
of 12 spherical copper nanoparticles with each particle diameter of 4 nm and argon atoms as base liquid. The Lennard–Jones
(LJ) potential function was adopted to deal with the interactions between atoms. Thus, the motion states of nanoparticles
during the process of flowing were obtained and the flow behaviors of nanofluid between flat plates at different moments could
be analyzed. The simulation results showed that an absorption layer of argon atoms existed surrounding each nanoparticle and
would accompany with the particle to move. The absorption layer contributed little to the flow of nanoparticles but much to
the heat transferring in nanofluids. Another phenomenon observed during shear flowing process was that the nanoparticles would
vibrate and rotate besides main flowing with liquid argon and these micro-motions could strengthen partial flowing in nanofluids. 相似文献