The removal of hydrogen sulfide with manganic sorbent in a high-temperature fluidized-bed reactor

The removal of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from simulated gas was carried out in a batch type fluidized-bed reactor using natural manganese ore (NMO), which consists of several metal oxides (MnO_x: 51.85%, FeO_y: 3.86%, CaO: 0.11%). The H₂S breakthrough curves were obtained by changing temperature, gas velocity, initial H₂S concentration, and aspect ratio. Moreover, the effects of the particle size and the particle-mixing fraction on H₂S removal were investigated in a binary system of different particle size. From this study, H₂S removal efficiency increased with increasing temperature but decreased with increasing excess gas velocity. The breakthrough time for H₂S decreased as the gas velocity increased, which leads to reducing gas-solid contacting due to gas bypassing in a fluidized bed reactor. Improvement of H₂S removal efficiency in continuous process can be expected from the results of the binary particle system with different size in a batch experiment. The NMO could be considered as a potential sorbent in H₂S removal.     

培哚普利与缬沙坦对高胆固醇兔脑组织AngⅡ的影响及其抗氧化应激作用

目的探讨高胆固醇兔脑组织RAAS与氧化应激的关系及培哚普利、缬沙坦的干预效果;方法:32只健康新西兰白兔随机分为4组:正常组,高脂组,培哚普利组,缬沙坦组。喂饲8周后,测定血清总胆固醇(Total cholesterol,TC)及低密度脂蛋白(Low den-sity lipoprotein,LDL)浓度。取脑组织测血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ),血红素氧合酶(hemo oxygenase-1,HO-1)的表达及超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活力,丙二醛(MDA)含量;结果:与正常组相比,高脂组AngⅡ,HO-1表达明显增强,SOD活力下降,MDA升高,培哚普利可降低AngⅡ,而缬沙坦不能,二者均可使HO-1表达上调,SOD活力升高,MDA降低;结论:1)高胆固醇血症时脑组织处于氧化应激状态,肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统(Rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system RAAS)激活;2)培哚普利和缬沙坦对组织具有抗氧化应激的保护作用。     

Random Copolymers with 2,2′-Dioxy-1,1′-biphenyl-phosphazene and Chiral 2,2′-dioxy-1,1′-binaphthylphosphazene Units Functionalized in the 6,6′-Positions with PPh<Subscript>2</Subscript> Groups as Precursors for Ru(arene) Catalysts

The chiral phosphazene copolymers {[NP(O₂C₁₂H₈)]_0.9[NP(O₂C₂₀H₁₂)]_0.1} (1) and {[NP(O₂C₁₂H₈)]_0.9[NP(O₂C₂₀H₁₀Br₂)]_0.1} _n (2) [(O₂C₁₂H₈) = 2,2′-dioxy-1,1′-biphenyl; (O₂C₂₀H₁₂) = R-2,2′-dioxy-1,1′-binaphthyl and (O₂C₂₀H₁₀Br₂) = R-6,6′-dibromo-2,2′-dioxy-1,1′-binaphthyl] were prepared by sequential substitution from [NPCl₂] _n and the corresponding dihydroxy-biphenyl or binaphthyl reagents in the presence of Cs₂CO₃ and K₂CO₃. The reaction of (2) with ^tBuLi in THF, followed by addition of PPh₂Cl and a treatment with SiHCl₃/PPh₃ to eliminate any oxidized OC₆H₄P(O)Ph₂ groups, gave the phosphine containing copolymer {[NP(O₂C₁₂H₈)]_0.9[NP(O₂C₂₀H₁₀[PPh₂]₂)]_0.1} _n (3), that was used as a chiral ligand to support [Ru(p-cymene)Cl] complexes. The resulting catalyst was active for hydrogen transfer from isopropyl alcohol to acetophenone but the placement of the Ru centers in the 6,6′-positions of the binaphthoxyphosphazene units induced no enantioselectivity. Dedicated to Professor Christopher Allen.     

双峰PE80级管材专用树脂的开发

介绍了高密度聚乙烯管材专用树脂6366M的结构特性、物理性能及其加工应用试验的情况。结果表明，6366M具有相对高的相对分子质量，其相对分子质量分布结构特性呈双峰分布。该材料具有优异的力学性能和耐环境应力开裂性能，而且加工性能较好，实现了刚性和韧性的平衡。成品管材的性能指标可以满足用户的需求。     

幂律流体三维脉动流场数值模拟

利用ANSYS软件，模拟了振动诱导单螺杆挤出机熔体输送段中非牛顿幂律流体的三维脉动流场，得到了三维脉动流场的瞬时速度分布及螺槽中物料的流动轨迹。结果表明，在脉动流场作用下，非牛顿流体的瞬时速度响应与在驱动壁面上所施加的正弦形式的脉动驱动形式不同，横螺槽方向的环流中心位置受幂律指数影响，且发生周期性改变。振动的引入使得在相同的时间内，物料的流动路程增加，且可增大物料的平均停留时间，有利于改善混合效果。     

Characteristic modes and flow structure of non-premixed flame in humid-air combustion

An experimental study has been performed in order to determine the effect of humidity on the flow field and the flame stability limit in turbulent non-premixed flame. Two-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements were made to quantify the velocity field, with and without steam injected. The results indicate the addition of steam decreases the recirculation flow and reduces the distance between the forward and aft stagnation points. The detailed stabilization regimes show that the critical fuel-to-air velocity ratios of the central fuel penetration in the humid air case are 16% to 22% lower, and the partially quenching limits are at least 25% lower. The decreased penetration limit is due to a reduction in momentum of the humid air. An analysis of flamelet concepts reveals that increased chemical reaction time leads to lower partially quenching limits in the humid air combustion.     

明代早期祭红釉显微结构与工艺的研究

收集了明代早期 (永乐、宣德、成化 )不同年代的祭红釉瓷残片。用扫描电镜、透射电镜、能谱仪、电子衍射、荧光X射线光谱分析、光学显微镜等系统地研究了它们的显微结构 ,用体视显微镜、分光光度计等观察、测定了它们的呈色状况 ,详细探讨了明代祭红釉之间的差别 ,分析了它们的生产工艺与化学组成、显微结构之间的关系。     

Modeling of photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs in a packed bed reactor under continuous and discontinuous illuminations

In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to describe the photocatalytic degradation of VOCs in a packed bed reactor. Here, the adsorption of VOCs on the wall of the reactor is taken into account and the diffusion of VOCs in the axial direction is neglected. First-order kinetics is used to describe the photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs. The analytical solution of the present model is obtained by traveling wave method. The solution shows that the reactor performance is totally dependent on the inlet concentration of VOCs when the time is large enough. The present model is validated through the experimental result of the photocatalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene in a packed bed and the predicted results accord well with the experimental data. The influence of flow rate and inlet concentration on the performance of the reactor is discussed in detail. High flow rate offers high reaction rate and low conversion efficiency. The different inlet conditions and different reaction patterns are also investigated. The model would be useful to estimate the rate constant and help to the design of the reactor.     

宁波涂料工业现状及发展趋势

分析了宁波涂料工业发展现状以及区域经济对涂料工业发展的影响,对宁波地区涂料工业的发展提出了建议。     

Effect of the geometry and pattern of the flow channel on the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

This research focuses on the effect of the geometry and patterns of the gas flow channel on the PEM fuel cell performance. Simulation was conducted and the results were verified by experiments. Three-dimensional, single phase, compressible and isothermal models of 5 cm² electrodes, anode and cathode, were developed and studied by utilizing a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, FLUENT 4.5. Two types of gas flow channel were investigated: conventional and interdigitated. The results showed that the flow channel pattern does not have a significant effect on the anode cell performance, whereas it has a strong effect/influence on the cathode cell performance. The interdigitated design provides a higher limiting current density and cell performance than the conventional design on the cathode side. Moreover, the cell performance does not depend on the inlet and outlet channel widths. On the contrary, for the interdigitated design, it was influenced by the shoulder width. Finally, experiments were conducted to validate the simulation results.