钛合金表面电火花沉积强化研究现状

介绍了电火花表面沉积工艺的基本原理和技术特点，以及国内外电火花沉积技术在钛合金表面强化领域的研究现状。在钛合金表面进行电火花沉积，可得到具有高硬、耐磨、耐高温氧化、低摩擦系数的特殊表面涂层。虽然电火花表面强化技术具有特殊的强化效果，但存在着电火花强化层的表面粗糙度不容易控制、生产效率低、强化工艺不稳定的缺点。因此，今后要深入研究电火花放电机理，进一步提高强化效率，研究不同电极、基体材料的强化工艺。     

Behavior of residual carbon in Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)z permanent magnets

When sintered Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)_z permanent magnets are prepared by metal injection molding, some organic binders are added in alloy powder, which leads to much residual carbon in the magnets. The residual carbon decreases magnetic properties and destroys the microstructure of the magnets. In this paper, the behavior of carbon in Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)_z permanent magnets has been studied. The results indicate that Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)_z magnets can keep excellent magnetic properties when the carbon content is below 0.1 wt.%: Br ≥ 10 kGs, H_cj ≥ 22 kOe, BH_max ≥ 25 MGOe. When the carbon content is above 0.1 wt.%, Br, H_cj and BH_max decrease with increasing carbon content evidently. Carbon consumes Zr content and forms ZrC, which reduces the volume fraction of the lamella and Sm(Co, Cu)₅ phases. Thus, the cell size increases and the cellular microstructure deteriorates. When the carbon content reaches 0.43 wt.%, there is not enough Sm(Co, Cu)₅ phase to form a uniform cellular microstructure. Br, H_cj and BH_max are approximate to zero. Since carbon has little influence on the content of Sm₂(Co, Fe)₁₇ phase, Ms can keep a high value (≥100 emu/g). ZrC has high melting point (3420 °C) and acts as dispersion particle in the magnets, which prevents the grains of SEM structure growing and reduces the liquid content of green compacts during sintering. Therefore, the density of the magnets decreases.     

Ultrahigh performance of Ti-based glassy alloy tube sensor for Coriolis mass flowmeter

Bulk metallic glasses （BMGs） have potential applications for both structural and functional components owing to their good mechanical properties. With the aim of demonstrating great engineering value of BMGs, a direct melt-forming technique based on suction casting for the production of glassy alloy tubes was developed. The fabrication, structure, geometry, properties and sensor performance of the tubes were examined. The results show that the Coriolis mass flowmeters using the Ti-based glassy alloy sensor tube exhibit excellent measurement sensitivity, viz. 28.5 times higher than that of the conventional flowmeter manufactured using stainless steel （SUS316） tube.     

熔模精铸球铁技术的研究与应用

对熔模精铸球铁技术进行了研究和试验，重点对熔炼、浇注及冷却过程进行了试验，确定了较合理的工艺参数。经试验，蜡模压型的铸造收缩率可在0．5％～1．2％之间选择；型壳采用硅溶胶-水玻璃复合粘结剂工艺；球铁的化学成分按C、Si含量较高，Mn、S、P含量较低的原则确定。经批生产考核，精铸球铁铸件的金相组织可达到球化级别2级，石墨球大小6级，珠光体含量10％的要求。铸件力学性能也满足使用要求。     

铝合金表面MoSi2/SiC复合涂层的激光熔覆制备

利用激光熔覆技术在铝合金表面制备MoSi2/SiCp复合涂层,对涂层的微观组织形成规律及其主要工艺参数对涂层组织和性能的影响进行了研究.实验结果表明,对试样进行搭接预热和在熔覆粉末中添加助熔剂CaF2是提高熔覆层质量的主要途径.采用多道搭接预热熔覆工艺和预置涂层法可以在铝合金表面获得具有完全冶金结合的原位自生SiC颗粒增韧的硅化钼陶瓷复合涂层,涂层组织主要由Mo(Si,Al)2、SiC、α-Al、Mo5Si3等相组成.熔覆层显微硬度较基体材料的显微硬度有大幅度提高,涂层显微硬度最大可达850HV0.2.     

可加工B4C/BN复相陶瓷的制备与性能研究

采用热压烧结工艺制备了B4C/BN可加工复相陶瓷,热压烧结工艺参数为热压温度为1850℃,热压压力为30 MPa,保温时间为1 h.通过向B4C基体中加入不同含量的h-BN来研究h-BN的含量对所制备的B4C/BN复相陶瓷材料的力学性能和可加工性能的影响,并通过XRD和SEM来研究复相陶瓷的物相组成和显微结构.结果表明随着复相陶瓷中的h-BN含量的增加,B4C/BN复相陶瓷的密度逐渐降低;B4C/BN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性有所降低;复相陶瓷的维氏硬度大幅度降低;而硬度的降低导致了复相陶瓷的可加工性能得到显著的提高,当h-BN的含量高于20%(质量分数,下同)时,B4C/BN复相陶瓷具有良好的可加工性能.     

多工位纵缝焊接操作机的研制

介绍了采用可编程控制器(PLC)作为多工位纵缝焊接操作机的控制核心，应用工业控制计算机和激光传感器进行TIG焊弧长控制的系统构成和工作原理。并对系统的工作过程及相关的软件设计进行了论述。实验证明，该系统工作稳定、性能可靠，完全满足生产工艺要求。     

铸铁焊条不预热焊法的应用

铸铁的焊接方法很多，根据焊接过程的工艺特点，主要分为热焊和冷焊。     

Effect of Powder Injection Location on Ceramic Coatings Properties When Using Plasma Spray

The effect of powder injecting location of the plasma spraying on spraying properties was studied. Three different powder-injecting methods were applied in the experiment. In the first method, the particles were axially injected into the plasma flow from the cathode tip. In the second method, the particles were radially injected into the plasma flow just downstream of the anode arc root inside the anode nozzle. In the third method, the particles were radially injected into the plasma jet at the nozzle exit. The alumina particles with a mean diameter of 20 μm were used to deposit coatings. Spraying properties, such as the deposition efficiency, the melting rate of the powder particles, and the coating quality were investigated. The results show that the spraying with axial particle injecting can heat and melt the powder particles more effectively, produce coatings with better quality, and have higher deposition efficiency. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

水利工程中混凝土的施工管理与质量控制

混凝土施工具有施工快、成本低、抗冲磨性能高等特点,但由于混凝土施工管理以及工艺流程复杂度高、建设难度大、整体性要求高。再加上我国目前水利工程建设管理没有形成强而有力、统一规范和细致化管理,混凝土裂缝、空鼓、露筋等病害得不到有效防控,影响工程质量。施工企业应加强对混凝土施工的技术管理和工艺流程管理,从混凝土原材料、混凝土浇筑和混凝土保养等角度进行质量控制,保证水利工程的质量,提高施工企业核心竞争力。