由铬皮边脚料制明胶

商业制革厂得到的铬皮边料用两步法进行消化。 第一步：边皮料、水、表面活性剂和氧化镁一起，在一个鞣革转鼓中转动6h，转鼓温度控制在72℃，随后将反应混合物在温热情况下通过一个普通的压滤机进行过滤，目的是为了使可胶化的蛋白质（gelable protein）滤液与铬泥渣（Chrome sludge）分开。     

The influence of strontium on porosity formation in Al-Si alloys

Strontium modification is known to alter the amount, characteristics, and distribution of porosity in Al-Si castings. Although many theories have been proposed to account for these effects, most can be considered inadequate because of their failure to resolve contradictions and discrepancies in the literature. In an attempt to critically appraise some of these theories, the amount, distribution, and morphology of porosity were examined in sand-cast plates of Sr-free and Sr-containing pure Al, Al-1 wt pct Si, and Al-9 wt pct Si alloys. Statistical significance testing was used to verify apparent trends in the porosity data. No apparent differences in the amount, distribution, and morphology of porosity were observed between Sr-free and Sr-containing alloys with no or very small eutectic volume fractions. However, Sr modification significantly changed the amount, distribution, and morphology of porosity in alloys with a significant volume fraction of eutectic. The addition of Sr reduced porosity in the hot spot region of the casting, and the pores became well dispersed and rounded. This result can be explained by considering the combined effect of the casting design and the differences in the pattern of eutectic solidification between unmodified and Sr-modified alloys.     

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia presenting as massive adrenal incidentalomas in the sixth decade of life: report of two patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency

Divergent recommendations exist regarding the evaluation of adrenal incidentalomas. Recent data have indicated a prevalence of adrenal tumors of 71% in nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and unmasked heterozygotes. These data expand the differential diagnosis of such incidental tumors and substantially modify the approach to their evaluation. We present two patients, female pseudohermaphrodites with the simple virilizing form of CAH and 21-hydroxylase deficiency, who functioned successfully as married phenotypic males. Both came to medical attention in the sixth decade by virtue of massive adrenal incidentalomas encountered in the evaluation of recurrent urinary tract infections. Each had a 46, XX karyotype, no palpable testes, and markedly elevated baseline levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OH Prog) of 6086 ng/dL and 6750 ng/dL. Both responded appropriately to dexamethasone suppression with reduction of 17-OH Prog, androgens and, in the second patient, ACTH to normal or near normal levels. Histologic and autopsy examination of the first patient's tumor and computed tomographic characteristics of the second revealed a benign adenoma and myelolipoma respectively. We extend and confirm previous recommendations that CAH be included in the differential diagnosis of adrenal incidentaloma and that baseline 17-OH Prog. levels be obtained, with ACTH stimulation if necessary, to diagnose the presence of nonclassical CAH.     

Dissecting cAMP binding domain A in the RIalpha subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Distinct subsites for recognition of cAMP and the catalytic subunit

The two gene-duplicated cAMP binding domains in the regulatory subunits of cAMP dependent protein kinase are each comprised of an A helix, an eight-stranded beta-barrel, and a B and C helix (1). The A domain is required for high affinity binding to C, while the B domain regulates access to the A domain. Using a combination of a yeast two-hybrid screen coupled with deletion analysis, cAMP binding domain A of RI was dissected into two structurally and functionally distinct subsites, one that binds cAMP and another that binds the C subunit. The minimum stable subdomain required for binding to C in the 1-3 micromolar range is composed of residues 94-169, while residues 236-244, mapped to the C helix of cAMP binding domain A, were defined as a second surface necessary for high affinity (5-10 nanomolar) binding to C. This portion of the C helix, due to its position directly between the two subsites, serves as a molecular switch for either a cAMP-bound conformation or a C-bound conformation and can thus modulate interactions of cAMP binding domain A with cAMP, with C, and with cAMP binding domain B.     

Experimental demonstration of step-like dispersion profiling inoptical fibre for soliton pulse generation and compression

Generation of 100 GHz trains of 500-700 fs pulses using dual-frequency beat conversion in a step-like dispersion profiled fibre is reported. The authors believe that this is the first time the generation and compression of soliton pulses using such a fibre has been demonstrated. The fabrication of such fibre assemblies does not require any special facilities and relies only on conventional optical fibre technology. They believe that the use of profiling the fibre dispersion by fibre segments instead of continuously dispersion-decreasing fibre is not only possible but preferable in many applications     

Oxidation protection for carbon fibre composites

Carbon fibre-reinforced ceramic matrix composites are promising candidate materials for high-temperature structural applications such as gas turbine blades. In oxidizing environments at temperatures above 400°C, however, carbon fibres are rapidly oxidized. There is, therefore, a need to coat the composite in order to protect it against oxidation. This review identifies the requirements of an effective oxidation protection system for carbon fibre-reinforced ceramics and summarizes the work which has been carried out towards this goal over the last 50 years. The most promising coatings are those composed of several ceramic layers designed to protect against erosion, spallation and corrosion, in addition to possessing a self-healing capability by the formation of glassy phases on exposure to oxygen.