Approximate boundary conditions for the flow of a mixture of reacting gases

Summary Slip boundary conditions are deduced for the Navier-Stokes equations describing the flow of a mixture of gases along a wall. Chemical reactions and changes of the internal energy at the wall are taken into account. A simplified approximation is introduced for a special case of the flow of a binary mixture consisting of atoms and molecules, which can be used as a model in treating the high-altitude flight of a space vehicle. The resulting conditions are compared with those given by other authors.     

SPROUT—A Modeling Language for SEED

An important capability of the SEED system is rapid generation of internal design representations, including design alternatives, that can be evaluated in terms of a broad range of criteria. It consists of modules that must communicate with each other and remain extensible. From a software engineering perspective, there exists no single programming language or database management system, commercial or research-based, that provides all the needed support. In this paper, we describe the SPROUT modeling language, the cornerstone of efforts to bridge this gap. It supports the specification of a system information model, which contains a building product model as a subset. Developments are discussed that lead to the current language design as well as the support for case-based design, persistent storage of objects, management of versions and alternatives, and communication between different SEED modules (i.e., agents). Emphasis is placed on the automatic generation of computer programs and database schemas from a SPROUT specification. Lastly, this effort is compared to other comparable efforts including PDES∕STEP.     

Investigations on increasing flexibility of hardware and software of industrial robots

The high flexibility of an industrial robot results from its free programmable control and high moveability. Still, there are some cases of application that demand more flexibility of hardware and software. If a case of application is found that requires more control functions than the standard control offers to the user, a lot of time and work is necessary to implement new control software to the existing control program. This is possible in an easy and quick way if the control program is written in a higher programming language. Also the programming of new robot controls becomes easy, quick and transparent. Other problems are found in the adaption of end effectors to the handling task. One solution is automatic changing of end effectors. Another solution is construction of universal end effectors, like versatile grippers. Both possibilities have their own range of application and must be chosen under the requirements of the special application case.     

Intelligent memories in VLSI

A concept of an intelligent memory, called an adaptive associative system (AAS), is described from the system level down to the device level. The performance of an AAS is discussed by means of computer simulations in regard to text processing and pattern recognition, especially such outstanding features as fault tolerance, semantic association, autosegmentation, and self-organization of information. The system concept of such a memory is rendered adequate for the VLSI technique by partitioning into repetitive memory units and by introducing a nonvolatile memory cell. The importance of interaction in realizing an AAS as a microelectronic component is pointed out for both system design and VLSI technology.     

Asymptotic expansions of results of the boundary integral equation method for plane elastostatic problems

The accuracy of numerical results can be improved by extrapolation if the asymptotic expansion of the error for step sizes (or element lengths) h tending to zero is well-known. In this paper expansions are determined for results of an integral equation for the plane elastostatic problem with prescribed boundary tractions. Special care is paid to discontinuous derivatives of the boundary values and of the boundary itself. Furthermore, the influence of the degree of interpolation of the sought function of the integral equation and the influence of non-equidistant division of the boundary on the structure of the expansion is investigated.The paper represents a continuation and partly a completion of [1].An extensive survey of the paper is given at the end of Section 1.     

Effect of process parameter changes on the composition of magnetron sputtered and evaporated TiN and AlN films measured by UHV in-situ techniques

TiN and AlN films are deposited on HSS steel substrates in an ultrahigh vacuum magnetron system equipped with in-situ Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and mass spectrometric sensors for plasma diagnostics. The composition of TiN_x coatings is measured by AES as a function of the N₂ pressure, the bias voltage, and the d.c. power. The flux of ionic particles impinging on the substrate surface and their energies are determined by a quadruple mass analyzer mounted behind a hole in the substrate. In addition, the reactivity of neutral nitrogen molecules in a reactive evaporation process is measured by a quartz crystal microbalance.