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991.
Determination of shear strength values according to EN 408 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents the results of 382 shear tests carried out according to EN 408. The test pieces consisted of spruce (Picea
abies) and varied in density and ring width orientation (radial, tangential and at an angle of 45° to the steel plates). In
addition pieces containing pith and knots were tested. The paper discusses problems observed when using this test configuration
and shows that the test results do not support the characteristic shear strength values as given in EN 338. Moreover, the
test results do not support the relationship between characteristic shear strength and characteristic bending strength as
given in EN 384.
Résumé Cet article présente les résultats de 382 essais de cisaillement menés conformément à EN 408. Les éprouvettes d’essai sont en épicéa (Picea abies) et présentent une variabilité en termes de masse volumique et d’orientation des cernes d’accroissement (radiale, tangentielle, à un angle de 45° par rapport aux plaques métalliques). Des éprouvettes supplémentaires contenant du cœur et des nœuds ont également été testées. L’article évoque les problèmes qui ont été mis en évidence lors de l’utilisation de ce dispositif expérimental et montre que les résultats expérimentaux ne sont pas en accord avec les valeurs caractéristiques de résistance au cisaillement données dans EN 338. De plus, ces résultats ne confirment pas la relation entre résistance caractéristique au cisaillement et résistance caractéristique à la flexion telle que stipulée dans EN 384.相似文献
992.
O. E. Narivs’kyi 《Materials Science》2007,43(1):124-132
We have studied the micromechanism of corrosion fracture of heat-transfer plates of a heat exchanger. The operation of heat
exchangers under conditions of contamination of the plates with a sediment from water leads to their local corrosion under
the sediment. The conditions of operation of the heat exchangers being equal, heat-transfer plates made of AiSi316Ti steel
worked 2.36 times as long as those of AiSi304L steel. The corrosion fracture of plates under the sediment began from pitting
initiation near nonmetallic inclusions of a certain nature. Afterwards, these pittings built up into corrosion spots by the
mechanism of stress corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement.
__________
Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 110–116, January–February, 2007. 相似文献
993.
Nonlinear model predictive control with polytopic invariant sets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ellipsoidal invariant sets have been widely used as target sets in model predictive control (MPC). These sets can be computed by constructing appropriate linear difference inclusions together with additional constraints to ensure that the ellipsoid lies within a given inclusion polytope. The choice of inclusion polytope has a significant effect on the size of the target ellipsoid, but the optimal inclusion polytope cannot in general be computed systematically. This paper shows that use of polytopic invariant sets overcomes this difficulty, allowing larger stabilizable sets without loss of performance. In the interests of online efficiency, consideration is focused on interpolation-based MPC. 相似文献
994.
Published data on the preparation procedures, stability, and complexation of U(III) in aqueous solutions are summarized and correlated. Reactions with inorganic and organic free radicals studied by the flash radiolysis method, the spectroscopic properties, the extraction and ion-exchange behavior of U(III), and methods for isolation of solid U(III) compounds from aqueous solutions are discussed. 相似文献
995.
Boundary objects are a critical, but understudied, theoretical construct in CSCW. Through a field study of aircraft technical
support, we examined the role of boundary objects in the practical achievement of safety by service engineers. Their resolution
of repair requests was preserved in the organization’s memory via three compound boundary objects. These crystallizations
did not manifest a static interpretation, but instead were continually reinterpreted in light of meta-negotiations. This suggests
design implications for organizational memory systems which can more fluidly represent the meta-negotiations surrounding boundary
objects. 相似文献
996.
997.
U. Schmidhammer V. DeWaele S. Mintova E. Riedle T. Bein 《Advanced functional materials》2005,15(12):1973-1978
The ultrafast deprotonation of 2‐(2′‐hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT) hosted in nanometer‐sized FAU and MFI zeolites is reported. Samples are prepared via in‐situ incorporation of HBT in the precursor colloidal solutions resulting in the formation of nanometer‐sized zeolites under hydrothermal treatment. The diameter of the zeolite particles formed in the crystalline suspensions is determined by dynamic light scattering and high‐resolution transmission microscopy to lie in the range 40–100 nm. It is shown that the HBT loading does not influence the degree of the zeolite crystallinity but does change the size and the morphology of the individual zeolite nanoparticles. Colloidal suspensions containing the crystalline nanoparticles are well suited for optical investigations since they are sufficiently transparent and clear. The photochemical properties of the HBT guest in the zeolite‐host systems are studied with femtosecond transient transmission spectroscopy. Depending on the acid–base properties either the enol or the keto tautomer of HBT is found to be hosted in the internal voids of the zeolites; upon UV excitation, the HBT‐keto tautomer is converted to the enol form in both MFI‐ and FAU‐type hosts. The HBT photoconversion takes place via an ultrafast deprotonation within 1.5 ps as detected by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. 相似文献
998.
Defect detection in analog and mixed circuits by neural networks using wavelet analysis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Stopjakova V. Malosek P. Matej M. Nagy V. Margala M. 《Reliability, IEEE Transactions on》2005,54(3):441-448
An efficient defect-oriented parametric test method for analog & mixed-signal integrated circuits based on neural network classification of a selected circuit's parameter using wavelet decomposition preprocessing is proposed in this paper. The neural network has been used for detecting catastrophic defects in two experimental analog & mixed-signal CMOS circuits by sensing the abnormalities in selected parameters, observed under defective conditions and by their consequent classification into a proper category. To reduce complexity of the neural network, wavelet decomposition is used to perform preprocessing of the analyzed parameter. Moreover, we show that wavelet analysis brings significant enhancement in the correct classification, and makes the neural network-based test method extremely efficient & versatile for detecting hard-detectable catastrophic defects in analog & mixed-signal circuits. 相似文献
999.
VK Tzitzios V Georgakilas TN Angelidis 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(6):699-704
A study of nitrous oxide (N2O) reduction with methane (CH4) and propene (C3H6) in the presence of oxygen (5%) over Ag/Al2O3, Rh/Al2O3 and Ag–Rh/Al2O3 catalysts, with Ag and Rh loadings of 5 wt% and 0.05 wt% respectively, has been performed. From the results, it was observed that the Ag–Rh bimetallic catalyst was the most active for both nitrous oxide removal (more than 95%) and hydrocarbon oxidation. This high activity seems to be connected with a synergistic effect between Ag and Rh. The findings from X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies showed also, that there were no strong interactions (eg alloying) between Ag and Rh. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
1000.
The results of studying the effect of nontraditional additives, namely, metallic aluminum and zinc powders on the process
of silicate and glass formation using polythermal and thermogravimetric analysis, are described. The specifics of the glass-melting
process for decorative glasses using the nontraditional additives are considered.
__________
Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 5, pp. 7 – 10, May, 2005. 相似文献