Generation of executable representation for processor simulation with dynamic translation

Instruction-set simulators （ISS） are indispensable tools for studying new architectures. There are several alternative to achieve instruction set simulation, such as interpretive simulation, static translation and dynamic translation. This paper presents a simulator where we have developed and integrated three techniques： an interpretive simulator and two variants of dynamic translation. In the third variant the simulator caches an intermediate representation that consists of pseudo instructions. These pseudo instructions use semantic functions that can be specialized using partial evaluation technique and a code generator. These three methods have been used to run the same simulated programs and compare their performance. The experiments show that the partial evaluation technique increases performance and flexibility, but also shows that it may have adverse effects.     

AGGREGATION OF FUZZY NUMBERS IN A DECISION-MAKING SITUATION

The fuzzy logic operators are used to decide the following multicriteria decision-making problem. A finite set of alternatives is evaluated by a set of fuzzy criteria, i.e., the alternatives' estimations are fuzzy numbers. An aggregation procedure mapping each m -tuple of fuzzy numbers into one fuzzy number, which represents the alternative according to the whole set of criteria, is presented. As functions of this mapping some known fuzzy logic operators are used. A method for comparison of ordinary fuzzy numbers, based on f -level subareas, is proposed. This method gives a possibility to decide ranking or choice problem. A numerical example is given as well.     

Permeability and Structure of Cellular Ceramics: A Comparison between Two Preparation Techniques

This work presents a comparative study of structural and aerodynamic properties of cellular ceramics prepared by two different techniques: the ceramic replication of an organic substrate and the gelcasting of foams. Permeability constants calculated from Ergun's equation were related to their apparent porosity and pore size. The technique of gelcasting of foams yielded structures as porous as the replication technique does, but with smaller pores and a fully densified strut. This type of structure ensures a higher mechanical strength without a significant decrease in the permeability.     

Influence of inhabitant background on the physical changes of Banjarese houses: A case study in Kuin Utara settlement,Banjarmasin, Indonesia

The disappearance of vernacular buildings is a common phenomenon worldwide and in Indonesia. The Banjarese house, a type of Indonesian vernacular architecture, is a typical riverside dwelling that shows the strong relationship between the river and the inhabitants. In view of the number of Banjarese houses facing degradation as a riverside type of vernacular rchitecture, a study is necessary. The characteristics of the inhabitants must be considered when observing the condition of the remaining houses.Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of inhabitant background on the physical changes of Banjarese houses for future revitalization. A research was conducted in the embryo of Banjarmasin along the Kuin riverside settlement in Kuin Utara sub-district through a door-to-door survey with a questionnaire. The exploration indicates the following:(1) the original form of all remaining houses has been altered,(2) most of the inhabitants are classified as alow-income society,(3) the different characteristics of the present inhabitants change the physical condition of houses,(4) the relationship of the current house condition to thesocio-culture and economy of the inhabitants plays a prominent role in revitalizing Banjarese houses as a valuable asset.     

Physical upgrading plan for slum riverside settlement in traditional area: A case study in Kuin Utara,Banjarmasin, Indonesia

This study aims to draw basic and global concepts for the physical improvement of slum riverside settlements as a fundamental step toward formalizing and securing tenure. Moreover, this work specifies attempts to arrange an upgrading plan derived from the basic strategy for our target location in the traditional settlement of Kuin Utara without failing to recognize its uniqueness and cultural activities. This paper discloses that the basic concept for physical upgrading in a slum settlement consists of three elements: (1) arranging street networks as fundamental systems that structure the settlement, (2) constructing public utility systems that are essential for livelihoods, and (3) providing common space and amenities as “external organs” that form identities and reveal the physical beauty of the location. The proposed infrastructures shall be directed to protect the local cultures and sociocultural activities of the inhabitants. The plan should also be adjusted with respect to the economic constraints in developing countries. Moreover, the improvement strategy for poor housings shall not orientate to modernization merely for beautification without considering the basic aspect: maintaining the dweller’s livelihood.     

Optical design of a high-spatial-resolution extreme-ultraviolet spectroheliograph for the transition region

A spectroheliograph dedicated to the observation of the solar disk in the extreme-ultraviolet OV spectral line at 62.97 nm is described. As demonstrated in the Skylab SO-82A spectroheliograph [Appl. Opt. 16, 870 (1977)], this line is uniquely suited to characterize solar plasma in the important 250, 000 K temperature regime. No multilayer coating or suitable filter is yet available to select this wavelength, so an optical design based on a double spectrograph with a spatial filter to remove the unwanted radiation has been developed. Analysis of the optical design shows that this instrument can obtain a 1 arcsec spatial resolution (two pixels) with a relatively high image-acquisition cadence. A preliminary tolerance analysis has been performed. A simple method of instrument alignment in visible light is also described.     

Optical design of the wide angle camera for the Rosetta mission

The final optical design of the Wide Angle Camera for the Rosetta mission to the P/Wirtanen comet is described. This camera is an F/5.6 telescope with a rather large 12 degrees x 12 degrees field of view. To satisfy the scientific requirements for spatial resolution, contrast capability, and spectral coverage, a two-mirror, off-axis, and unobstructed optical design, believed to be novel, has been adopted. This configuration has been simulated with a ray-tracing code, showing that theoretically more than 80% of the collimated beam energy falls within a single pixel (20" x 20") over the whole camera field of view and that the possible contrast ratio is smaller than 1/1000. Moreover, this novel optical design is rather simple from a mechanical point of view and is compact and relatively easy to align. All these characteristics make this type of camera rather flexible and also suitable for other space missions with similar performance requirements.     

Clinical uses of naltrexone: A review of the evidence.

The implication of the opioidergic system in the pathogenesis of various substance use disorders has led to renewed interest in expanding the clinical uses of naltrexone, an opioid antagonist. This article examines the evidence for the efficacy of naltrexone in a variety of substance use and psychiatric disorders. Naltrexone can be an effective treatment for alcohol and opioid dependence if issues of compliance are adequately addressed. Thus far, no definitive role has been found for naltrexone in the treatment of other psychiatric disorders. Further research needs to be done in self-injurious behavior, gambling, cocaine, and nicotine dependence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A citationist perspective on science in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1981–1993

The publication productivity and citation record of the Latin American countries are analyzed and evaluated by using adequate databases.     

Space Radiation-Induced Alterations in the Hippocampal Ubiquitin-Proteome System

Exposure of rodents to <20 cGy Space Radiation (SR) impairs performance in several hippocampus-dependent cognitive tasks, including spatial memory. However, there is considerable inter-individual susceptibility to develop SR-induced spatial memory impairment. In this study, a robust label-free mass spectrometry (MS)-based unbiased proteomic profiling approach was used to characterize the composition of the hippocampal proteome in adult male Wistar rats exposed to 15 cGy of 1 GeV/n ⁴⁸Ti and their sham counterparts. Unique protein signatures were identified in the hippocampal proteome of: (1) sham rats, (2) Ti-exposed rats, (3) Ti-exposed rats that had sham-like spatial memory performance, and (4) Ti-exposed rats that impaired spatial memory performance. Approximately 14% (159) of the proteins detected in hippocampal proteome of sham rats were not detected in the Ti-exposed rats. We explored the possibility that the loss of the Sham-only proteins may arise as a result of SR-induced changes in protein homeostasis. SR-exposure was associated with a switch towards increased pro-ubiquitination proteins from that seen in Sham. These data suggest that the role of the ubiquitin-proteome system as a determinant of SR-induced neurocognitive deficits needs to be more thoroughly investigated.