Development of High Deformability Pipeline Steel

Based on strain-based design, high deformability X70 high strength pipeline steel with dual-phase microstructure has been developed, which can be laid in the seismic, the cold or the deepwater region. The results illustrated that the developed X70 steel has the stress-strain curve like round house and it shows good anti-transformation characteristic, high uniform deformation(≥10%), enhanced n-value(≥0.10), and the low yield-tensile ratio Y/T(≤0.85). The dual-phase microstructure of ferrite and bainite conta...     

Cobalt-iron cyanide hollow cubes: Three-dimensional self-assembly and magnetic properties

Cobalt-iron cyanide hollow cubes have been synthesized via a poly(vinylpyrrolidone) assisted solvothermal route. A unique formation process: self-assembly followed by Ostwald ripening process, has been put forward to take account for the construction of hollow cubes. The rod-like nanocrystals first assemble as porous cubes via an oriented attachment process. Then, the porous cubes undergo an Ostwald-ripening process, which create interior spaces and result in the formation of hollow cubes. The magnetic property investigation reveals that K_0.22Co_0.58Fe_2.2(CN)₆ hollow cubes exhibit a ferromagnetic behavior.     

Kernel TIF method for effective material removal control in rotating pitch tool-based optical figuring

While opticians have used pitch tools for superb surface finishing, their poor controllability in material removal and associated lengthy tooling overhead have been well known in optics fabrication communities. We report a new computational technique called kernel tool influence function (KTIF) that can bring higher predictability to pitch tool-based material removal. The term ??kernel?? is defined as the ratio of experimental to simulated removal depth, therefore transforming the material removal coefficient of Preston??s equation to a removal scaling function at each point on the tool surface. This approach offers a unique inherent control feature incorporating ??real-life shop floor effects associated with pitch tool polishing variables?? into the tool influence functions without the need for theoretical expressions for the effects of individual variables on material removal behavior. Using a modified Draper-type polishing machine and a rotating pitch tool, we first generated kernel TIFs with zero stroke and used them for simulation and trial experiments of extended TIFs with variable tool strokes. The results show that the root mean square (rms) TIF profile differences between the prediction and experiments are in the range of 11 to 29?nm for conventional TIF and 7 to 15?nm for the KTIF. We then generated conventional TIF and KTIF database sets and applied them to surface figuring simulations. The results confirm that the kernel TIF has superior performance to the conventional TIF in controlling the material removal for correction of the chosen surface error.     

低渗透污染土水动力弥散参数试验研究

污染土的治理中通常采用降低渗透性的措施来控制其二次污染。通过获得其水动力弥散参数可以对其二次污染进行评价和预测,但是现有的土柱试验以及求解方法不适用于低渗透污染土水动力弥散参数的测定和求解。针对低渗透污染土水动力弥散参数试验和求解的问题,提出采用改进的柔性壁渗透仪测定其污染物的穿透曲线,根据所获得的穿透曲线,采用数值反演的方法计算污染土的水动力弥散参数。结果表明,采用柔性壁渗透仪和数值反演的方法,能够满足低渗透污染土水动力弥散参数测定的需要。     

针灸治疗强直性脊柱炎临床研究进展

强直性脊柱炎是一种原因不明,以中轴关节慢性炎症为主的全身性疾病,主要累及骶髂关节、髋关节、椎间关节、肋椎关节、以骶髂关节病变最为多见.其主要病理改变是关节和关节周围组织、韧带、椎间的韧带钙化,最终发生骨性强直.强直性脊柱炎多见于青年男性,发病年龄多在15-35岁.40岁以后发病者少见,男性患病是女性的5倍.一项研究对我国6000名风湿病患者调查统计,强直性脊柱炎患者占18%,一般人群的调查发病率0.3%,即1000人中有一位患病,全国将近12万人患此病,这一数据表明该病对家庭和社会是一个沉重负担.     

Facile Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticle-loaded Carbon Nanofiber Composites and Their Electrocatalytic Activity Towards Dopamine, Ascorbic Acid and Uric Acid

A facile approach for the synthesis of gold nanoparticle-loaded carbon nanofiber(Au/CNF) composites was developed. When applied to electrochemistry, these composites showed attractive performances such as high conductivity and facile electron transfer kinetics. Under physiological conditions, the Au/CNF composite modified electrode exhibits highly electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of dopamine, ascorbic acid and uric acid. Owing to the good selectivity for the simultaneous detection of these three species, the novel composites are promising for the development of effective electrochemical biosensors.     

The influence of oxygen and nitrogen contamination on the densification behavior of cryomilled copper powders during spark plasma sintering

It has been found difficult to fully densify some mechanically milled pure metal powders by spark plasma sintering (SPS). In this study, the densification behavior of cryomilled, nanostructured (NS) Cu powders during SPS was related to changes to the chemistry of the powders. The results showed that the presence of very small amounts of O and N in the powders, which were introduced during cryomilling and handling, significantly influenced the densification response. Moreover, reduction/removal of O/N via thermal annealing of the powders before SPS led to complete densification of the powders during subsequent SPS. The mechanisms responsible for this behavior were ascertained: O and N existed in the cryomilled powders in the form of thermally unstable compounds, and the subsequent thermal decomposition of these compounds during SPS generated the gaseous species, leading to porosity formation and incomplete densification; annealing of the powders before SPS removed the gases which resulted from thermal decomposition, thereby facilitating complete consolidation during subsequent SPS.     

Spray-drying of alumina powder for APS: effect of slurry properties and drying conditions upon particle size and morphology of feedstock

In this paper, effects of variables concerning slurry properties and drying conditions on the particle size and morphology of feedstock were discussed. The results indicated that, the increase of powder loading increased D ₅₀ and volume content but reduced recovery rate slightly. Other variables, such as inlet temperature, showed a maximum on the desired property. The particle size of resulting feedstock increased with the rise of feeding rate of slurry, however, decreased with the increase of atomization pressure based on the premise that atomization pressure was enough to force slurry to form the liquid membrane. For preparation of spherical feedstock, optimized variables were as follows: 60 wt.% powder in slurry, 2 wt.% PVA in slurry, inlet temperature of 60°C, atomization pressure of 13 × 10³ KPa and feeding rate of 12 ml min^?1. The volume content of feedstocks with 10–45 μm was above 65% and for D ₅₀ it was 15·42 μm. In addition, according to the heat and mass transfer equation, the drying mechanism was established, which was well in agreement with the experimental results.     

Interface-dependent resistance switching in Nd<Subscript>0.7</Subscript>Sr<Subscript>0.3</Subscript>MnO<Subscript>3</Subscript> ceramics

Interface-dependent electric-pulse-induced resistance switching effect (EPIR) in Nd_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ ceramics was studied. The results reveal that the EPIR effect originates from the interface between the electrodes and the bulk, and the EPIR ratio as well as the high and low resistance states can be strongly influenced by applying a large electrical field on the sample for different intervals. Also, the pulse parameters have great effect on the stability of EPIR and the optimal pulse width, pulse amplitude and read bias are obtained. Based on the space charge limited current mechanism together with the theory of interfacial charge-trapped state, the interface-dependent resistance switching effect is discussed.