医用高分子材料的现状与应用

概述了医用高分子材料的发展现状及其用途,并介绍了医用高分子材料的发展动向。     

Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane over Co–BaCO3 catalysts using CO2 as oxidant: effects of Co promoter

Co–BaCO₃ catalysts exhibited high catalytic performance for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODE) using CO₂ as oxidant. The maximal formation rate of C₂H₄ was 0.264 mmol · min⁻¹ · (g · cat.)⁻¹ (48.0% C₂H₆ conversion, 92.2% C₂H₄ selectivity, 44.3% C₂H₄ yield) on 7 wt% Co–BaCO₃ catalyst at 650 °C and 6000 ml. (g · cat.)⁻¹. h⁻¹. Co–BaCO₃ catalysts were comparatively characterized by XRF, N₂ isotherm adsorption-desorption, XRD, H₂-TPR and LRs. It was found that Co⁴⁺–O species were active sites on these catalysts in ODE with CO₂. The redox cycle of Co–O species played an important role on the catalytic performance of Co–BaCO₃ catalysts. On the other hand, the co-operation of BaCO₃ and BaCoO₃ was considered to be one of possible reasons for the high catalytic activity of these catalysts.     

A novel shaft-less double suction mini pump

A novel double suction shaft-less mini pump was developed for heat control of small energy systems in this study.The mini pump impeller with an exit diameter of 40 mm was combined with the motor rotor supported by the hybrid dynamic bearing.The specific speed of the pump was 125 min-1 m3 min-1 m.The hydraulic performance of the pump was investigated experimen-tally under four rotational speeds.From the test results,it was recognized that the pump could provide a flow discharge of 5 L/min and head of 1.5 m,w...     

Air-source heat pump coupled with economized vapor injection scroll compressor and ejector:Design and experimental research

Ejector can utilize high pressure energy from liquid mechanism,it can be used in heat pump system coupled with economized vapor injection(EVI)scroll compressor.When running under low temperature conditions,the performance of the EVI system with ejector can be improved further.In this paper,the design method of the heat pump system with ejector is presented,and the process for designing the heat pump with ejector(EVIe)was summarized.One prototype heat pump was designed under the condition of the evaporation ...     

Preparation,characterization and salt-resistance of a coal based super absorbent composite

Potassium humate was extracted from brown coal.A novel super absorbent composite,poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/potassium humate (PAA-AM/KHA),was prepared by graft polymerization of acrylic acid,acrylamide and coal based potassium humate using N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker and potassium peroxydisulfate as an initiator.The effects of reaction temperature,degree of neutralization of the poly (acrylic acid) and the amounts of crosslinker,initiator and potassium humate were investigated.Salt resistance tests were also carried out.The composite prepared under optimal conditions had a potassium humate content of 10% and exhibited a water absorption of 770 g/g in distilled water,and 349,286 and 41 g/g in 0.5 mol/L KC1,MgCl2 and AlCl3 solutions respectively.The results indicate that the salt resistance of PAA-AM/KHA was superior to that of poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) because of the collaborative effect of functional groups of the coal based potassium humate.The PAA-AM/KHA micro powder was characterized by IR spectroscopy and the micrographic surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.Introduction of potassium humate into the poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) structure creates a composite more suitable for use as a water-managing material in the renewal of arid and desert environments.The salt resisting property of the composite is improved,production costs are reduced and the growth stimulant effect is still present.     

危险传染病应急诊疗病房通风管道的优化设计

针对危险传染病的应急诊疗,研制出移动式危险传染病应急诊疗病房,为降低危险传染病应急诊疗病房的整体质量及棚顶的压力,以通风口的质量最轻为目标函数,以各个进气支路的进气量相等为约束条件,结合沿程阻力损失系数与管路横截面边长的关系式推导出通风管道约束函数关系式,利用MATLAB优化工具箱对模型求解,优化得到通风管道的最佳尺寸.根据优化设计结果设计了通风管道,满足实际使用要求.     

光催化-Fenton工艺处理废纸制浆废水

为有效处理废纸制浆废水,采用氙灯照射下的光催化-Fenton技术,研究不同反应器、曝气、草酸钾、H2O2投加方式和废水质量浓度对光-Fenton工艺去除废水中TOC或吸光度的影响.结果表明,提高光照强度可提高TOC去除率;添加适量的草酸钾可提高处理效果;H2O2分两次投加可取得较好的处理效果,大大减少对催化剂的需求;在处理过程中使废水暴露于空气可提高有机物的脱氯效果,但曝气对处理效果并无益处.对于TOC为185 mg/L左右的废纸制浆废水,在[H2O2]=1000 mg/L、[Fe(Ⅱ)]=100 mg/L、pH=3.0、温度为30℃的条件下,经过30 min处理,废水的TOC可去除63%以上.     

圆管层流脉动流动的数值模拟

为研究圆管层流脉动流动特性,建立了二维非稳态轴对称模型,对壁温恒定、入口速度周期性变化的流体进行数值模拟.分析了速度振幅和频率对层流流动的影响,得到了频率和振幅对压力、温度、壁面摩擦系数影响的规律.研究表明:脉动流动时,压力、温度、壁面摩擦系数围绕相同Re下稳态流动时的数值波动;压力与速度之间存在相位差;压力、壁面摩擦系数的波动与速度振幅和频率成正比;温度的波动与速度振幅成正比,与频率呈反比;当流体脉动的频率和振幅足够大时,会在近壁面处出现回流,并且出现回流的时间会随着频率和振幅的增大而增长.     

确定土壤背景值的Hazen概率法——以铜陵矿区Pb为例

本文选取已知土壤背景含量的铜陵矿区,基于Hazen概率曲线,探讨了土壤污染重金属元素Pb背景含量与污染叠加含量的区分方法.得到Pb元素的背景含量为28.5μg/g,与该区深层土壤样中Pb元素含量的平均值(34μg/g)比较接近.还得到了Pb元素污染叠加含量与背景含量的界线点51μg/g.基于Hazen概率曲线区分铜陵矿区土壤Pb元素背景含量与污染叠加含量的方法是有效的,有必要将该方法推广到土壤中其它重金属污染元素、其它地区作进一步研究.     

数控超声磨削陶瓷叶片型面刀位轨迹计算

介绍了陶瓷超声磨削加工现状,建立了平行直纹面数学模型.分析了用圆柱磨轮四轴数控超声磨削平行直纹面时原理误差,并提出减小误差的措施,计算出磨轮空间轨迹,并进行陶瓷叶片型面超声磨削加工工艺试验.试验结果表明,超声磨削加工陶瓷叶片型面是可行的,所完成的刀位计算可有效减小原理误差.