无糖功能米乳饮料的研制

以大米为主要原料,对无蔗糖米乳保健饮料的加工工艺进行了初步探讨研究。用多种功能性甜味剂代替蔗糖,通过单因素实验确定了大米混汁液的原料配比,即大米:香米=4:1;米:水=1:18;木糖醇9.0g/100mL、麦芽糖醇10.0g/100mL、山梨糖醇13.0g/100mL、甜蜜素0.6g/L。通过正交试验对产品的工艺条件和配方进行了探讨,确定了最佳工艺参数及配比,植脂末10g/100mL、蔗糖酯0.3g/100mL、FH9-CMC0.3g/100mL、柠檬酸0.2g/100mL。     

Detection of multiple antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 by phage replication-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

A phage replication-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PR-cELISA) was developed for the detection of multiple antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium DT104. In the PR-cELISA procedure, a phage, BP1, was inoculated into a log-phase bacterial culture at a ratio of 1:100. After a 3-h incubation of the mixture, BP1 replication was measured by cELISA based on the competitive binding between BP1 and biotinylated BP1 to Salmonella Typhimurium smooth lipopolysaccharide. Among the 84 Salmonella strains and 9 non-Salmonella strains that were tested by PR-cELISA, BP1 detected 39 of 40 Salmonella Typhimurium strains, 2 of 10 Salmonella non-Typhimurium somatic group B strains, and 5 of 18 Salmonella somatic group D1 strains. With the addition of chloramphenicol to the culture medium, PR-cELISA detected all 27 multiple antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 and none of the other Salmonella strains or non-Salmonella strains tested. The results demonstrated that PR-cELISA has potential applications for the detection of multiple antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium DT104.     

基于图像分析的大米形状识别

提出了一种基于计算机图像分析的大米米胚脱落与颗粒破碎识别新方法。首先,将边缘曲线变换为极坐标形式,采用椭圆模板定位目标,获得一组与目标平移、旋转和尺度无关的形状描述数据;再运用小波变换提取奇异点及特征参数。取100颗样品进行验证,结果表明,该方法用于目标定位与识别时的鲁棒性强,可信度高。对米胚脱落、米粒破碎的判定正确率分别为98.9%、100%。     

砻糠包与晴纶棉在粮面压盖中的应用分析

利用晴纶棉和砻糠包对散粮进行压盖对比试验,分析两种材料在压盖隔热使用后的效果,评选两种材料对储粮粮温、储粮品质的变化影响和特点.     

Prevalence and characterization of antimicrobial resistance of foodborne Listeria monocytogenes isolates in Hebei province of Northern China, 2005-2007

A total of 2177 food samples collected from nine cities in northern China during 2005 to 2007 were screened for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes. All L. monocytogenes isolates were subjected to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), as well as PCR screening to identify genes responsible for tetracycline resistance [tet(L), tet(M), tet(K), tet(S) and tet(B)], transposon Tn916, and class 1 integron. Contamination with L. monocytogenes was detected in 4.13% (90/2177) of the total samples representing various food products. The pathogen was mainly isolated from frozen food made of wheat flour or rice products (26/252, 10.32%) and raw meat products (46/733, 6.28%). Besides, 3.31% (10/302) of cooked meat, 1.17% (4/343) of seafood, 0.98% (2/204) of non-fermented bean products and 0.62% (2/323) of vegetables samples were contaminated by this bacterium. The L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to five serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 4b, and 3a), with serotype 1/2a being dominant (48.88%). Antimicrobial resistance was most frequently observed for ciprofloxacin (17.8%), tetracycline (15.6%) and streptomycin (12.2%). Overall, resistance was observed against 14 out of 18 antimicrobials tested while multiple resistances occurred among 18.9% (17/90) isolates. Interestingly, two isolates were resistant to more than five antimicrobials. Among 14 tetracycline-resistant isolates, 13 carried tet(M) gene including nine possessing Tn916, and one harbored tet(S) gene. PFGE analysis revealed genetic heterogeneity among individual serotypes as well as scattered occurrence of some genotypes without any clear-cut correlation to source or food type. The widespread distribution of epidemiologically important serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b and 4b) of L. monocytogenes, and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics indicate a potential public health risk. Our data also indicate that L. monocytogenes could act as a reservoir of mobile tet genes along the food chain.     

蒙脱土增强热塑性淀粉性能的研究

用蒙脱土(MMT)作增强剂、甲酰胺和尿素为混合塑化剂制备了MMT增强热塑性淀粉(MTPS)。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、万能实验机和热重分析法(TG)对MTPS进行了结构表征和性能测试。SEM表征结果说明,MMT可均匀分散在热塑性淀粉(TPS)中,MMT和TPS有良好的界面结合。力学性能测试结果表明,w(MMT)=0-30％时,MTPS拉伸强度达到23.415MPa,断裂伸长率从112.522％降至21.421％,屈服应力从3.172MPa上升至17.204MPa,屈服应变从31.221％降至4.471％,杨氏模量达到531.114 MPa,断裂能从2.033 N·m下降到1.414 N·m。该材料的耐水性能和热稳定性均高于纯TPS。     

SBS母粒法改性沥青的研制及生产

介绍了SBS母粒法改性沥青工业生产及产品性能 ,重点阐述了SBS母粒法改性沥青生产原料、工艺和体系配伍性 ;研究考察了改性沥青的离析性、针入度指数和旋转薄膜烘箱试验后低温延度的影响因素 ;采用优化方案 ,在工业装置生产出符合JTJ0 36— 98标准的成品改性沥青。     

以井斜趋势角为指标优化防斜钻具设计

应用钻头与地层相互作用模型，综合考虑钻头和地层各向异性、钻头侧向力及钻头转角对井斜的影响，提出了“井斜趋势角”概念。针对各向同性地层，推导了“井斜趋势角”计算公式。分析表明：进行防斜钻具设计、优选钻井参数时，综合考虑侧向力、钻头转角及钻头各向异性等因素对井斜的影响是十分必要的；与“钻头侧向力最大”或“钻头转角最小”等单一指标相比，“井斜趋势角”指标考虑因素更全面、设计(或评价)结果更可靠。     

深层稠油油藏超临界压力注汽开发技术研究

深层稠油油藏由于储层埋藏深、原油粘度高，油层有效吸汽所需的注汽压力往往高于常规注汽锅炉出口的额定压力，导致注气效果较差。为此，在对不同压力下饱和蒸汽焓、温度、潜热、比容以及超临界压力下蒸汽的比容、比焓等蒸汽热力学性质深入分析的基础上，对深层稠油油藏超临界压力注汽时的井筒热损失、储层受热半径进行了模拟计算，同时进一步预测了深层稠油超临界压力注汽开采效果。认为通过研制超临界压力锅炉、完善配套工艺、实施超临界压力注汽可以实现深层稠油乃至特、超稠油油藏的有效开发。