MgO对高铝钢非反应性保护渣理化性质的影响

通过钢-渣界面反应实验设计了非反应性保护渣,并采用渣柱变形法、旋转粘度计、热丝法和渣膜热流模拟仪分别研究了MgO含量对其熔融特性、粘度特性、结晶特性及渣膜传热特性的影响.结果表明,实验渣系半球点温度在1060～1180℃内,且在2%～8%内平均每增加1%的MgO半球点温度升高约20℃.当MgO含量从2%增加到8%时,保护渣的粘度及粘流活化能均先下降而后陡然增大,转折点对应MgO含量为6%.增加MgO含量,非反应性保护渣晶体析出的孕育时间延长,有利于减弱高铝钢浇铸过程中渣圈的发展.随着MgO含量的增加,非反应性保护渣渣膜厚度减小、结晶率降低,渣膜传热特征时间、最大热流密度及平均热流密度均增大.     

Cl~-和pH值对硝酸磷肥水溶液热安全性的影响

测试了不同氯离子和pH值下硝酸磷肥水溶液的临界爆炸温度,研究了氯离子和pH值对硝酸磷肥水溶液热安全性的影响。结果表明,在硝酸铵含量一定且氯离子存在时,pH值越大,硝酸磷肥水溶液的临界爆炸温度越高;在硝酸铵含量和pH值一定时,氯离子浓度越大,硝酸磷肥水溶液的临界爆炸温度越低。借鉴本研究结果,可以更好地避免硝酸磷肥在生产过程中火灾和爆炸事故的发生。     

剩余活性污泥碱性发酵液用于厌氧交替好氧-缺氧序批式反应器生物除磷脱氮的碳源的研究(英文)

Activated sludge process has been widely used to remove phosphorus and nitrogen from wastewater. However, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal is sometimes unsatisfactory due to the low influent COD. Another problem with the activated sludge process is that large amount of waste activated sludge is produced, which needs further treatment. In this study, the waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid was used as the main carbon source for phosphorus and nitrogen removal under anaerobic followed by alternating aerobic-anoxic conditions, and the results were compared with those using acetic acid as the carbon source. The use of alkaline fermentation liquid not only affected the transformations of phosphorus, nitrogen, intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates and glycogen, but also led to higher removal efficiencies for phosphorus and nitrogen compared with acetic acid. It was observed that ammonium was completely removed with either alkaline fermentation liquid or acetic acid as the carbon source. However, the former resulted in higher removal efficiencies for phosphorus (95%) and nitrogen (82%), while the latter showed lower ones (87% and 74%, respectively). The presence of a large amount of propionic acid in the alkaline fermentation liquid was one possible reason for its higher phosphorus removal efficiency. Exogenous instead of endogenous denitrification was the main pathway for nitrogen removal with the alkaline fermentation liquid as the carbon source, which was responsible for its higher nitrogen removal efficiency. It seems that the alkaline fermentation liquid can replace acetic acid as the carbon source for phosphorus and nitrogen removal in anaerobic followed by alternating aerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor.     

钛酸酯偶联剂对竹粉/PVC性能影响

用钛酸酯偶联剂对竹粉进行表面改性,制备竹粉/聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料,用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行表征,并研究偶联剂对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,偶联剂能改善复合材料中竹粉与PVC间的相容性,提高了复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度。     

N-羟基-邻苯二甲酰亚胺催化分子氧氧化合成4-氧代-β-紫罗兰酮

采用N-羟基-邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NHPI)和乙酰丙酮亚钴(Co(AcAc)_2)作催化剂,分子氧氧化β-紫罗兰酮一步反应制备4-氧代-β-紫罗兰酮,收率达70%。以~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR、GC-MS、IR、元素分析仪对其进行表征。     

超声波辅助提取石榴皮中熊果酸工艺研究

以石榴皮为原料,以熊果酸得率为指标,采用超声波辅助提取了石榴皮中熊果酸。分别研究了提取剂乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声温度对熊果酸提取的影响,通过正交试验优化了提取工艺。结果表明,熊果酸提取的最佳工艺条件是:乙醇体积分数50%、固液比1∶20、超声时间30 min、超声温度60℃,在最佳条件下,熊果酸得率可达1.1142%。     

不可逆示温涂料的发展及应用

分别从功用、发展状况、研制情况及应用情况等方面讲述了国内单、多变色不可逆示温涂料的发展概况。同时以单、多变色不可逆示温涂料在航空发动机表面温度的成功测试案例,讲述了不可逆示温涂料广阔的应用前景。     

大型窑开式齿轮传动设计及润滑

<正>几十年来回转窑传动绝大多数采用开式齿轮传动装置。伴随着设备大型化,其大齿圈和小齿轮齿面过早磨损问题凸现出来。下面对此问题从几方面加以探讨。1大型回转窑开式齿轮传动设计过去开式齿轮存在两种设计方法:一种是像邯郸水泥     

陶瓷马赛克陨石花釉的研制

主要研究了以棕褐色底釉与灰白色面釉组合而成的花釉,该釉烧成后其花纹和颜色犹如陨石效果,用于马赛克的生产。文中主要讨论了底面釉化学成分、着色氧化物的含量、烧成制度、釉层厚度等因素对陨石花釉釉面效果的影响。     

不同角度内模填充衣架型机头的数值模拟

利用Polyflow软件对填充了不同角度内模的衣架型机头流道进行了模拟。研究了不同内模夹角对流道压力分布、出口压力、出口速度以及流道内流体停留时间的影响。结果表明:不同角度内模填充机头流道后,流道压力分布、出口压力和出口速度无明显改变;流道内物料主要停留在歧管端部;通过改变内模夹角,可以改变物料最大停留时间及停留面积,内模夹角为40°时,流道内最大停留时间短,物料停留少。