The effect of defect location on coating fragmentation patterns under biaxial tension

Fragmentation of a coating possessing orthogonal preferential crack propagation directions is modeled for equibiaxial tensile loading. Two plausible cracking scenarios are compared, caused by flaws randomly distributed over the area of the coating or along the coating fragment edges. The two fragmentation scenarios considered are shown to yield qualitatively different fragment patterns.     

In situ magnetoresistance measurements of a nanoconstricted nickel-iron film with in-plane configuration

A test element (TE) with an Ni-Fe point contact (PC) in planar configuration was fabricated using an etching process with a horizontal incidence ion beam. Successive in situ magnetoresistance (MR) measurements were carried out in the etching apparatus without breaking the vacuum to prevent the oxidation of the PC. The TE showed the MR ratio around 12%, which was much larger than an anisotropic MR ratio of the film. It showed low (high) resistance with a magnetic field direction of parallel (antiparallel) magnetic geometry of the pinned and free area.     

National and international university departmental Web site interlinking

Although many link patterns have been identified at the university level, departmental interlinking has been relatively ignored. Universities are multidisciplinary by nature and various disciplines may employ the Web differently, thus patterns identified at the university level may hide subject differences. Departments are typically subject-oriented, and departmental interlinking may therefore illustrate interesting disciplinary linking patterns, perhaps relating to informal scholarly communication. The aim of this paper is to identify whether and how link patterns differ along country and disciplinary lines between similar disciplines and similar countries. Physics, Chemistry and Biology departments in Australia, Canada and the UK have been chosen. In order to get a holistic picture of departments' Web use profiles and link patterns, five different perspectives are identified and compared for each set of departments. Differences in link patterns are identified along both national and disciplinary lines, and are found to reflect offline phenomena. Along national lines, a likely explanation for the difference is that countries with better research performances make more general use of the Web; and, with respect to international peer interlinking, countries that share more scholarly communication tend to interlink more with each other. Along disciplinary lines, it seems that departments from disciplines which are more willing to distribute their research outputs tend to make more general use of the Web, and also interlink more with their national and international peers.