Development of Independent Moving Puppet Robot

This paper is about the automation of the marionette performance.A method to solve the problem on the mobility of the automated marionette performance is proposed.Since it is difficult to control the marionette by hands,as an alternative,the automated marionette is studied.Hovever,the automatic marionette performance is limited in the silence and mobility.Therefore,an independent shifter to move freely on the stage is required.The magnetic device which connects the movable robot and the marionette controlling robot is conceived.The magnetic device is improved and applied by considering the features of the marionette robot,which is the irregular movement of the marionette controller and of the parallel limited area.The burden of being trapped on the magnet is minimized by dividing the robot to the upper and lower parts of the marionette performance stage.The direction of the magnet is considered to make the mobile robot to move freely.Thus,the efficiency and safety of the device is confirmed by balancing the strength with the permanent magnet.     

Design of Pipelined ADC Using Op Amp Sharing Technique

This paper presents a 10-bit 20 MS/s pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC)using op amp sharing approach and removing Sample and Hold Amplifier(SHA)or SHA-less technique to reach the goal of low-power consumption.This design was fabricated in TSMC 0.18 μm 1P6M CMOS technology.Measurement results show at supply voltage of 1.8 V,a SFDR of 42.46 dB,a SNDR of 39.45 dB,an ENOB of 6.26,and a THD of 41.82 dB are at 1 MHz sinusoidal signal input.In addition,the DNL and INL are 1.4 LSB and 3.23 LSB respectively.The power consumption is 28.8 mW.The core area is 0.595 mm2 and the chip area including pads is 1.468 mm2.     

台北101大楼钢结构工程之施工监造(Ⅰ)

坐落于台北盆地软弱地质以及饱受地震、台风等天灾侵袭的“TAIPEI 101”成为了世界最高建筑物大楼的代名词,相较于海外超高层大楼的环境与条件。508m高的台北101大楼有着截然不同的困难与挑战。然而在众人的瞩目下。台北101大楼已昂首耸立于台北新天空,其整体工程亦已实质完工。“Bringing Taipci to The World”一直是业主团队期望打造的远大愿景,在国际观的思维考量下,安全、品质与专业分工为本工程最重要诉求,在“边设计、边施工”的模式下．业主一台北金融大楼股份有限公司选择了结合海内、外优秀国际团队进行联合承揽规划设计、监造管理与营建施工。在钢结构相关工程之施工与监造上,如特殊钢板规格以及相称焊材的研发与量产、巨型钢柱分节与吊运设备、巨柱制造电焊工法与过程控制、钢结构现场吊装与电焊品质控制、10,000psi（69MPa）之巨柱柱内灌浆规划与施工、429m高度的柱内灌浆验证与施工、裙楼80m跨距之造型屋顶构架制造与安装、5.5m直径及660t重之大型调质阻尼器质量块吊装与电焊、508m高度之塔尖顶升施工、331地震造成之损害与修护。以及配合多次施工中进行之大幅度补充设计及变更设计等等均为本工程艰困的施工特性。本公司有幸实质参与兴建台北101大楼之结构设计与结构监造工作长达七年时间,在所有团队的不懈努力下,台北101之结构工程终告圆满完成。本文旨在概要说明本工程钢结构工程之施工与监造之历程与结果,并佐以相关检讨与说明,期能供为学术界与工程界之参考。本文为第一部分。     

Effects of loading and routeing decisions on performance of flexible manufacturing systems

Research has found that while flexibility is purported to be a prime advantage of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), it has not yet become a major competitive priority for American and European manufacturers. Moreover, many installed systems either are not very flexible or do not use the available flexibility to the best advantages. We suspect that inappropriate application of the conventional production management concepts to FMS is one of the major factors that hinders current FMSs from capturing their key advantage: flexibility. This paper takes a first step to examine why the conventional job shop loading and fixed routeing concepts fail to capture the flexibility of FMS. Once problems are identified we suggest ways to exploit the FMS flexibility. We further conduct an experiment to investigate FMS performance under different manufacturing policies and operating conditions. The results indicate that the performance of an FMS greatly diminishes when the conventional job shop loading and fixed routeing concepts are applied. This is because the inherent flexibility of the FMS is not fully utilized. Moreover, the operating conditions such as tooling duplication levels and operation processing time variation could also significantly affect the FMS performance.     

Economic analysis of inventory systems: a clarifying analysis

In a recent study by Gurnani (1983), ‘Economic analysis of inventory systems’, three main conclusions were presented. (1) The inventory models analysed in his paper demonstrate that the inventory policy derived from the discounted (PW) coat differs substantially from that given by the traditional undiscounted inventory analysis. (2) The difference between the two depends upon the discounting rate. The discounting causes the optimum order quantity and correspondingly the period length to vary monotonically with the discounting rate. (3) However, it is not influenced by the inventory system planning horizon. This paper first examines each conclusion and demonstrates why his conclusions are either unfounded or irrelevant to his analysis. Next, some crucial derivational errors in his exposition are demonstrated via corrected formulations. Finally, a net present value maximizing framework that is consistent with modern theory of financial analysis, is suggested for the economic analysis of inventory systems.     

Titanium diboride copper-matrix composites

Copper-matrix titanium diboride platelet (3–5 μm) composites containing 15–60 vol% TiB2, were fabricated by powder metallurgy, using copper-coated TiB2 (60 vol% TiB2) and various amounts of copper powder. The porosity was ≤0.5% when TiB2 was ≤48 vol%. Above 48 vol% TiB2, the porosity increased abruptly with increasing TiB2 content, reaching 6.7% at 60 vol% TiB2. As a result, the hardness and compressive yield strength dropped precipitously with increasing TiB2 volume fraction beyond 48%. At 48 vol% TiB2, the thermal conductivity was 176 W m-1°C-1, the electrical resistivity was 3.42× 10-6Ωcm, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was 10.2×10-6°C-1, the compressive yield strength was 659 MPa, and the Brinell hardness was 218. For composites made by conventional powder metallurgy, using a mixture of TiB2 platelets (not coated) and copper powder, the porosity was ≤1.8% when TiB2 was at ≤42 vol%; above 42 vol% TiB2, the porosity increased abruptly and the hardness and compressive yield strength decreased abruptly. The electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity were also affected by the porosity, but less so than the mechanical properties. Composites made using copper-coated TiB2 exhibited lower electrical resistivity, higher thermal conductivity, lower CTE, higher compressive yield strength, greater hardness, greater abrasive wear resistance, greater scratch resistance and lower porosity than the corresponding composites made from uncoated TiB2. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Refractory–Slag–Metal–Inclusion Multiphase Reactions Modeling Using Computational Thermodynamics: Kinetic Model for Prediction of Inclusion Evolution in Molten Steel

The refractory–slag–metal–inclusion multiphase reaction model was developed by integrating the refractory–slag, slag–metal, and metal–inclusion elementary reactions in order to predict the evolution of inclusions during the secondary refining processes. The mass transfer coefficient in the metal and slag phase, and the mass transfer coefficient of MgO in the slag were employed in the present multiphase reactions modeling. The “Effective Equilibrium Reaction Zone (EERZ) Model” was basically employed. In this model, the reaction zone volume per unit step for metal and slag phase, which is dependent on the ‘effective reaction zone depth’ in each phase, should be defined. Thus, we evaluated the effective reaction zone depth from the mass transfer coefficient in metal and slag phase at 1873 K (1600 °C) for the desulfurization reaction which was measured in the present study. Because the dissolution rate of MgO from the refractory to slag phase is one of the key factors affecting the slag composition, the mass transfer coefficient of MgO in the ladle slag was also experimentally determined. The calculated results for the variation of the composition of slag and molten steel as a function of reaction time were in good agreement with the experimental results. The MgAl₂O₄ spinel inclusion was observed at the early to middle stage of the reaction, whereas the liquid oxide inclusion was mainly observed at the final stage of the refining reaction. The content of CaO sharply increased, and the SiO₂ content increased mildly with the increasing reaction time, while the content of Al₂O₃ in the inclusion drastically decreased. Even though there is slight difference between the calculated and measured results, the refractory–slag–metal multiphase reaction model constructed in the present study exhibited a good predictability of the inclusion evolution during ladle refining process.     

天然抗氧化剂抑制曲奇中丙烯酰胺含量的研究

采用天然抗氧化剂荞麦、孜然和黑种草籽抑制曲奇中丙烯酰胺的生成。研究这3种配料对面粉中丙烯酰胺前体的含量、面粉和曲奇抗氧化的特性、曲奇烘焙特性和丙烯酰胺含量的影响,结果表明：这3种配料组合都可以增加面粉中还原糖和天门冬酰胺的含量,也可以增加面粉和曲奇的抗氧化特性(包括总酚类物质、DPPH自由基清除能力和ABTS+·的抑制能力)。当所添加的天然抗氧化剂含量增加时,曲奇颜色变深,表现为更低的L*,a*和b*值;荞麦和孜然的引入会增加曲奇中的水分含量,而黑种草籽则相反。所有天然抗氧化剂组合都可以增加曲奇的延展率。未添加天然抗氧化剂的曲奇中丙烯酰胺的含量为361.2μg/kg,而单独添加15%荞麦、15%孜然和15%黑种草籽使得曲奇中丙烯酰胺的含量分别降低了20.2%、67.6%和75.9%。感官分析结果表明：富含天然抗氧化剂的曲奇都可以被人们所喜欢。