Preparation of long‐chain branching polypropylene and investigation on its foamability

In this work, zinc N,N‐dimethyldithiocarbamate (ZDMC) was used to mediate the melt modification of polypropylene (PP) with 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) in an internal mixer in the presence of dicumyl peroxide (DCP). Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that HDDA was directly grafted onto PP backbone. The dependence of torque on processing time indicated that the presence of ZDMC restrained the degradation of PP, and the end‐torque value increased with the addition of ZDMC. Dynamic rheological measurement indicated that the modified PP possessed higher G′ and lower tan δ at low frequency, displaying an increase in η* and disappearance of Newtonian plateau in η*–ω plot, as well as larger radius of semicircle in Cole–Cole plot. All the rheological characterizations, together with the decreased gel content with the increase of ZDMC, confirmed the formation of long‐chain branching. Subsequently, the foamability of the modified samples was investigated by one‐step compression–molding process. The cellular structure and morphology of the obtained foams were observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the results showed that the addition of ZDMC decreased the cell size, increased the cell density, and brought about well‐defined closed cell structure. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

新型Ziegler-Natta催化剂用于丙烯多段聚合制备抗冲聚丙烯

聚丙烯（PP）质轻、价廉,具有良好的加工性能,应用范围广泛．PP的很多应用领域要求它应具有较好的韧性．均聚PP在低温时变脆,抗冲PP是通过在均聚PP中加入橡胶制备的．对PP以提高其抗冲击强度为目的的改性大多用共混的方法,将PP和两种或两种以上的其他聚合物以机械共混的方法进行混合,得到一种宏观上均匀的聚合物共混物,其性能有一定的提高．     

烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂的界面性能研究

通过合成碳链长度不同的4种烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂,研究了复配表面活性剂质量分数、Na_2CO_3质量分数、正戊醇体积分数对油/水界面张力的影响。结果表明,复配表面活性剂质量分数在0.1%～0.3%范围内,界面张力较低;Na_2CO_3质量分数为0.6%时,界面张力较低,且最低界面张力达到超低(3.1×10~(-3)mN/m);正戊醇的最佳体积分数为1.6%。     

Enhanced saccharification of corn straw pretreated by alkali combining crude ligninolytic enzymes

BACKGROUND: This work investigated the monokaryogenesis of dikaryon strains of Trametes hirsuta by protoplasts regeneration for extracellular ligninolytic enzyme production. Saccharification of corn straw was enhanced by alkali pretreatment combining crude ligninolytic enzymes. RESULTS: Effectiveness of alkali pretreatment of corn straw on delignification was evaluated under different concentrations. About 45% lignin loss was achieved at the concentration of 1.5% NaOH. In addition, 79.0% sugar yield was obtained after combined pretreatment with NaOH and crude ligninolytic enzyme produced from monokaryotic strains of Trametes hirsuta. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the porosity and surface area increased significantly after combined pretreatment. The FTIR spectra indicated that great intensity changes occurred at the 890–900 cm^?1, 1509–1513 cm^?1 and 1595 cm^?1 bands. CONCLUSION: The proposed combined pretreatment removes lignin and enhances saccharification of corn straw effectively. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

无银、低银含磷钎料的加工技术

含P铜基钎料具有良好的流动性,当有适量Ag存在时,钎料具有更好的润湿性,钎料的强度和塑性更好,该文探讨了其加工技术的主要环节.     

垃圾焚烧飞灰中氯元素存在形态及深度脱氯的研究

垃圾焚烧飞灰中的氯含量影响其在水泥窑协同处置生料中的占比,因此需要对飞灰做脱氯处理。利用XRD对飞灰氯元素的存在形态研究表明：氯元素以水溶性氯和非水溶性氯2种形态存在于飞灰中,炉排炉飞灰的水溶性氯化物为CaCl₂·Ca（OH）₂·H₂O、CaClOH、CaCl₂·2H₂O、KCl和NaCl,非水溶性氯化物为AlOCl和Ca₁₀（Si₂O₇）₂（SiO₄）Cl₂（OH）₂等;流化床飞灰的水溶性氯以CaCl₂·2H₂O和KCl形式存在,非水溶性氯以AlOCl、Ca₁₀（Si₂O₇）₂（SiO₄）Cl₂（OH）₂和Ca₄OCl₆等形式存在。对水洗脱除水溶性氯的研究结果显示：对于炉排炉飞灰,控制液固比（mL/g,下同）为10+4+2、3次常温水洗,水溶性氯脱除率达97.01%;对于流化床飞灰,控制液固比组合6+6+4、3次常温水洗,水溶性氯脱除率达99.17%;酸、碱洗及高温煅烧均能降低飞灰非水溶性氯含量,其中煅烧处理后的炉排炉飞灰残氯质量分数为0.36%、流化床飞灰为0.45%。     

跟管钻具在复杂山地钻井中的应用

在地质条件不稳定的岩土层山地钻井,容易出现塌井。通过为山地钻机配备跟管钻具,有效地解决了这一问题。本文介绍了跟管钻具的工作原理和特点,并进行了试验,取得了良好的实验效果。     

基于IP和密码双重管理安全认证系统的设计和实现

以电子期刊的网上发布与管理为基础，提出了“基于IP和密码双重管理”的安全认证策略，很好地解决了信息发布与安全问题。     

Drilling Path Optimization Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

This paper presents a new approach based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for solving the drilling path optimization problem belonging to discrete space.Because the standard PSO algorithm is not guaranteed to be global convergence or local convergence,based on the mathematical algorithm model,the algorithm is improved by adopting the method of generate the stop evolution particle over again to get the ability of convergence to the global optimization solution.And the operators are improved by establishing the duality transposition method and the handle manner for the elements of the operator,the improved operator can satisfy the need of integer coding in drilling path optimization.The experiment with small node numbers indicates that the improved algorithm has the characteristics of easy realize,fast convergence speed,and better global convergence characteris- tics.hence the new PSO can play a role in solving the problem of drilling path optimization in drilling holes.     

基于提升小波变换的图像融合新算法

给出了一种基于提升小波变换的图像融合方法,并对小波分解的不同频率域,分别采用不同的融合规则。选择低频系数时,是基于边缘的方法,选择高频系数时,把小波系数的方差与绝对值综合起来考虑来决定融合小波系数。实验结果表明,提出的方法融合效果要优于一般融合方法。