Effect of the fluctuation range of formation temperature on the preparation and superconductivity of Bi(Pb)2223 single-phase

Effects of the fluctuation range of formation temperature on preparation and superconducting properties of the Bi(Pb)2223 phase have been investigated in detail. Our results show that knowledge about the temperature distribution and fluctuation in the muffle furnace is necessary for preparation of the Bi(Pb)2223 single-phase. Single-phase samples from Bi_0.17Pb_0.3Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O_y were obtained by a solid-state reaction in air at 835±5C. The best superconducting property of the as-prepared samples shows a one-step transition of a.c. susceptibility withT _c=109 K. Using this optimum sintering temperature and keeping the temperature fluctuation less than 5C, we have prepared pure Bi(Pb)2223 single-phase samples with good reproducibility.     

State and prospects of inhibitor protection of the metal resources of the Ukraine

At present, the overall losses caused by corrosion in the Ukraine are very high and increase constantly owing to an increase in the aggressiveness of the environment and a lack of corrosion-resistant materials and anticorrosion technologies. The corrosion-mechanical fracture of metals (corrosion fatigue or corrosion cracking) proves to be the most dangerous type of corrosion since it occurs without visible changes in the appearance of structures. This is true, first of all, for pipelines, chemical and power equipment, municipal utility services, etc.The Ukrainian Association of Corrosionists has recently been founded with the aim of intensifying anticorrosion activities. The Association has about 40 organizational members (including academic and specialized institutes and industrial enterprises) and about one hundred individual members—prominent experts in corrosion science. The Technical Committee TC-85 Corrosion of Metals and Alloys was founded by the State Committee on Standardization and Metrology of the Ukraine. In 1993, the Ukraine became a member of the International Corrosion Council.In view of the urgency of this problem, the Editorial Board of Fiziko-Khimicheskaya Mekhanika Materialov begins a series of survey, problem, and discussion papers devoted to the problem of protection of metals against corrosion. Scientists and experts are invited to discuss this and related problems in our journal. The present work opens the series. We consider and characterize the main groups of corrosion inhibitors used in industry and indicate their developers and producers. The addresses of the Collection and computer bank of corrosion inhibitors and inhibited materials are also presented.Translated from Fiziko-Khimicheskaya Mekhanika Materialov, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 11–17, January–February, 1994.     

VA + Embeddings STAR: A State-of-the-Art Report on the Use of Embeddings in Visual Analytics

Over the past years, an increasing number of publications in information visualization, especially within the field of visual analytics, have mentioned the term “embedding” when describing the computational approach. Within this context, embeddings are usually (relatively) low-dimensional, distributed representations of various data types (such as texts or graphs), and since they have proven to be extremely useful for a variety of data analysis tasks across various disciplines and fields, they have become widely used. Existing visualization approaches aim to either support exploration and interpretation of the embedding space through visual representation and interaction, or aim to use embeddings as part of the computational pipeline for addressing downstream analytical tasks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first survey that takes a detailed look at embedding methods through the lens of visual analytics, and the purpose of our survey article is to provide a systematic overview of the state of the art within the emerging field of embedding visualization. We design a categorization scheme for our approach, analyze the current research frontier based on peer-reviewed publications, and discuss existing trends, challenges, and potential research directions for using embeddings in the context of visual analytics. Furthermore, we provide an interactive survey browser for the collected and categorized survey data, which currently includes 122 entries that appeared between 2007 and 2023.     

State of the Art of Molecular Visualization in Immersive Virtual Environments

Visualization plays a crucial role in molecular and structural biology. It has been successfully applied to a variety of tasks, including structural analysis and interactive drug design. While some of the challenges in this area can be overcome with more advanced visualization and interaction techniques, others are challenging primarily due to the limitations of the hardware devices used to interact with the visualized content. Consequently, visualization researchers are increasingly trying to take advantage of new technologies to facilitate the work of domain scientists. Some typical problems associated with classic 2D interfaces, such as regular desktop computers, are a lack of natural spatial understanding and interaction, and a limited field of view. These problems could be solved by immersive virtual environments and corresponding hardware, such as virtual reality head-mounted displays. Thus, researchers are investigating the potential of immersive virtual environments in the field of molecular visualization. There is already a body of work ranging from educational approaches to protein visualization to applications for collaborative drug design. This review focuses on molecular visualization in immersive virtual environments as a whole, aiming to cover this area comprehensively. We divide the existing papers into different groups based on their application areas, and types of tasks performed. Furthermore, we also include a list of available software tools. We conclude the report with a discussion of potential future research on molecular visualization in immersive environments.     

New approach for optimizing the interpretation and representation of the degree of historical-archaeological evidence in the virtual reconstructions

Virtual Reality - Virtual reconstruction is defined as the visual recovery of a building or object through the creation of a three-dimensional model of the asset to be reconstructed, in a...     

Secrecy Trade-off at the Physical Layer over Mixed Fading Multicast Channels Employing Antenna Diversity

This paper deals with the secrecy performance analysis of a multicast network over mixed fading scenarios in which a cluster of passive eavesdroppers is trying to overhear the secret transmission. Our key contribution is to prevent this malicious attack of the illegitimate receivers. Rayleigh/ Rician mixed fading channels are considered to model alternately the multicast/ eavesdropper and eavesdropper/ multicast channels as such mixed fading scenarios are often encountered in cellular communication where only one link (either multicast or eavesdropper) undergo a line-of-sight propagation path. At first, we derive the probability density functions for the single-input-multiple-output multicast scenarios and then the secrecy analysis is carried out by obtaining closed-form expressions for the performance matrices such as the probability of non-zero secrecy multicast capacity, ergodic secrecy multicast capacity, and secure outage probability for multicasting. The derived expressions are beneficial to investigate how the antenna diversity can combat the detrimental impact of fading as well as the number of multicast users and eavesdroppers, and improve the secrecy level to the acceptable limit. Moreover, the best secure scenario in terms of the secrecy parameters is obtained when the multicast channels undergo Rician fading whereas the eavesdropper channels experience Rayleigh fading. Finally, the analytical expressions are justified via the Monte-Carlo simulations.

     

Semi-Supervised Deep Learning for Multi-Tissue Segmentation from Multi-Contrast MRI

Journal of Signal Processing Systems - Segmentation of thigh tissues (muscle, fat, inter-muscular adipose tissue (IMAT), bone, and bone marrow) from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans is useful...     

A hybrid method for variable-order fractional 2D optimal control problems on an unbounded domain

Engineering with Computers - In this study, the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative is applied to generate a new category of variable-order fractional 2D optimization problems in an unbounded...