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81.
To study the role of vagal afferent C-fibers in resiniferatoxin (RTX)-induced bronchoconstriction in vivo, 30 guinea pigs weighing 347 +/- 28 g were evenly and randomly divided into five groups: Group 1, control; 2, chronic vagotomy; 3, local capsaicin (acute); 4, local capsaicin (chronic); and 5, systemic capsaicin. Each animal was anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, cannulated with a tracheal cannula and venous catheter, paralyzed with gallamine triethiodide, and artificially ventilated. All animals were pretreated with atropine and phenoxybenzamine. Immediately after RTX was intravenously injected, each animal in the control group exhibited profound decreases in maximal expiratory flow, dynamic respiratory compliance, and total lung capacity, as well as an increase in functional residual capacity, indicating severe airway constriction. Animals in Groups 2-4 exhibited partial abolishment, while those in Group 5 showed complete abolishment of the RTX-induced bronchoconstriction. In 12 additional animals (6 animals each in control and chronic vagotomy groups), chronic vagotomy caused also suppressive effects on capsaicin-induced airway constriction. At one min, our data demonstrate that 36-51% of noncholinergic bronchoconstriction is due to the vagal component while the remaining constriction is due to the nonvagal component. Thus, the nonvagal component plays a significant role in this type of tachykinin-mediated airway constriction. 相似文献
82.
新型超微晶软磁合金FePCCuMoSi微观结构缺陷的正电子湮没研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用正电子湮没方法研究了新型超微晶软磁合金的微观结构缺陷,样品选用的是在不同温度下退火的Fe81P12C3Cu1Mo0.5Si2.5合金,结果表明,合金的微观结构构陷大小,密度随退火温度有规律地变化,这种现象可能与非晶的晶化过程有关。 相似文献
83.
We hypothesized that hydrocephalus can cause death of brain cells and that generation of new brain cells might compensate for the cell loss. Hydrocephalus was induced in 3-week-old rats by injection of kaolin into the cisterna magna. The brains were studied 1 to 4 weeks later by histochemical, immunochemical, and ultrastructural methods. The ventricles enlarged progressively. Some axons in the corpus callosum were injured as early as 1 week, but axonal damage was not prevalent until 4 weeks when ventriculomegaly became severe. Dying cells detected by DNA end labeling and often identified as oligodendrocytes by electron microscopy were evident in white matter. Late-stage hydrocephalus was associated with a significant increase in the quantity of dying cells. Hydrocephalus was associated with increased Ki67 labeling and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in the subependymal zone. Reactive changes were identified among astrocytes, oligodendroglia, and microglia. We conclude that hydrocephalus causes, in addition to axonal injury, gradual cell death in the cerebrum, particularly the white matter. The brain response includes production of new glial cells, but whether the new cells play any beneficial role remains unknown. 相似文献
84.
The narrow pore-size distribution of activated carbon fibres (ACF) limits their application in the fields concerning larger
molecules, such as liquid adsorption and catalyst support. On the addition of carbon particles and organic materials to polyacrylonitrile
fibres, and after stabilizing and activating, the mesoporosity in the resultant ACF has been obviously increased. Among these
additives, carbon black gives the best effect. With 1 wt% carbon black I in precursor and on activating at 880°C for 30 min,
a mesoporosity of 48.2% (total pore volume 0.704 ml g-1, mesopore volume 0.340 ml g-1) has been obtained. The mechanism of
mesopore formation is also discussed.
This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
85.
WC对Cu/WC_P复合材料性能及组织的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
通过WC含量对WC/Cu复合材料性能的影响,确定了冷压-烧结法制备Cu/WC材料的适宜WC含量为10vol%左右。并就WC对该材料组织和再结晶行为的影响进行了有益的探讨。 相似文献
86.
论述了无线电引信多普勒信号增速器的实现原理及意义,介绍了采用TMS320C30作为CPU、多片大容量静态RAM芯片构成海量存储体的信号增速器硬件结构和软件设计,并提出了今后的研究方向。 相似文献
87.
The changes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and nitrite level in rat brain regions after spatial learning were investigated. NOS activity was assayed by conversion of [3H]L-arginine to [3H]L-citrulline, and a sensitive fluorometric assay for quantification of nitrite was used. Compared with sham-trained rats, NOS activity and nitrite level in hippocampus and cortex, and also the nitrite level in cerebellum, was elevated significantly one day after rats had learnt a water-rewarded spatial alteration task. These results suggest a spatial memory-related changes of endogenous NO in rat brain, and support the idea that NO participates in learning and memory processes. 相似文献
88.
A genetic algorithm for multiple molecular sequence alignment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
MOTIVATION: Multiple molecular sequence alignment is among the most important and most challenging tasks in computational biology. The currently used alignment techniques are characterized by great computational complexity, which prevents their wider use. This research is aimed at developing a new technique for efficient multiple sequence alignment. APPROACH: The new method is based on genetic algorithms. Genetic algorithms are stochastic approaches for efficient and robust searching. By converting biomolecular sequence alignment into a problem of searching for optimal or near-optimal points in an 'alignment space', a genetic algorithm can be used to find good alignments very efficiently. RESULTS: Experiments on real data sets have shown that the average computing time of this technique may be two or three orders lower than that of a technique based on pairwise dynamic programming, while the alignment qualities are very similar. AVAILABILITY: A C program on UNIX has been written to implement the technique. It is available on request from the authors. 相似文献
89.
SM Kornblau E Estey T Madden HT Tran S Zhao U Consoli V Snell G Sanchez-Williams H Kantarjian M Keating RA Newman M Andreeff 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,15(5):1796-1802
PURPOSE: Expression of the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) p170 protein is frequent in leukemic blasts from patients with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). A phase I study using the nonimmunosuppressive MDR1 blocker SDZ PSC-833 (PSC) in combination with mitoxantrone (MITO) and etoposide (VP) was performed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Starting doses (LVL0) of MITO (3.25 mg/m2/d on days 1 and 3 to 6) and VP (210 mg/m2/d on days 1 and 3 to 5) were 40% of the maximal-tolerated dose (MTD) from a prior study. A 1.5-mg/kg loading dose of PSC was followed by a 120-hour continuous infusion of 10 mg/kg/d on days 2 to 6. Blood samples for PSC, MITO, and VP pharmacokinetics (PK) were taken on days 1 and 3, and samples for MDR1 expression were taken on day 0. RESULTS: Severe mucositis developed in all patients at LVL0; therefore, MITO and VP doses were reduced to 2.5 and 170 mg/m2 (LVL-1) for the next seven patients, and this dose proved to be MTD. All LVL0 and three LVL-1 patients had transient elevations in the serum bilirubin level to > or = 4 mg/dL. Serum creatinine level increased to greater than 2 mg/dL in one case. There were no other grade 3 or 4 nonhematologic toxicities observed. The peripheral blood was cleared of leukemia in three LVL0 and four LVL-1 patients. The marrow was cleared of leukemic cells in one LVL0 and five LVL-1 patients, and a significant reduction in marrow leukemic infiltrate was observed in eight of 10. No patient achieved complete remission (CR), and all died of progressive disease (n = 8) or infection (n = 2). MDR1 expression was detected by fluorescent-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis in five of seven cases. An elevated MDR1 mRNA level was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) in six of eight cases studied. Clearing of leukemia cells from the marrow occurred in four of six MDR1-positive and one of three MDR1-negative patients. Despite the fact that LVL0 doses had to be reduced due to toxicity, coadministration of PSC did not produce a consistent effect on MITO PK; however, it did repeatedly lead to increased levels of VP in the serum. CONCLUSION: We conclude that PSC-MITO-VP is a tolerable regimen with antileukemic activity. Addition of PSC necessitated a 66% reduction in MITO and VP doses from a prior study without PSC. 相似文献
90.
迭代回归法计算T型电位滴定中试液含量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文将迭代回归法计算T型电位滴定中,叙述了其原理及数学推导,并运算了一批实验数据,结果表明,该法准确度较高,且不需空白溶液校正。 相似文献