Fe_2O_3-Sb_2O_4复合氧化物催化剂的催化活性组分及其在丙烯氨氧化中的作用

为了阐明Fe_2O_3-Sb_2O_4复合氧化物催化剂在丙烯氨氧化中的催化性能,我们采用X线衍射、穆斯堡尔谱和XPS对有、无载体的不同锑铁比和焙烧温度的一系列催化剂进行了研究.X线衍射测定表明,这些样品中都有FeSbO_4,并且a-Fe_2O_3或Sb_2O_4的出现与Sb/Fe有关.催化剂的穆斯堡尔谱都有一对由FeSbO_4中顺磁Fe~(3+)引起的双峰;只有在Sb/Fe<1时,才有a-Fe_2O_3的典型六线谱出现.经800℃焙烧的Sb/Fe>1催化剂还都展现出由FeSb_2O_6中Fe~(2+)引起的另一对双峰.根据对富锑催化剂的XPS分析,结合能为709.3电子伏特的肩峰的出现,又进一步证明这种含Fe~(2+)的新活性组分FeSb_2O_6的存在.丙烯转化速度与Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)的关系表明,催化剂的催化性能不只取决于一种活性组分.以丙烯腈的生成速度与Fe~(3+)和Fe~(2+)的浓度关系可以得出结沦:FeSbO_4是基本活性组分,而在其上生成含Fe~(2+)新相则可能是使催化剂具有选择氧化作用的原因.     

掺银对TIBaCaCuO系超导体性能的影响

本文研究了掺入适量的银对TlBaCaCuO系超导体超导性能的影响。实验结果表明,当银的掺入量不超过0.3mol时,有利于2223相的形成;在掺入0.3mol银的同时,适当提高组成中Tl或Cu的含量,可以降低烧结温度,并能获得T_(o0)=122K,T_(onset)=136K的TlBaCaCuO系超导体。     

Reproducibility and stability of N–Al codoped p-type ZnO thin films

Reproducible and stable p-type ZnO thin films have been prepared by the N–Al codoping method. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that N and Al are incorporated into ZnO. The resistivity, carrier concentration, and Hall mobility are typically of 50–100 Ωcm, 1×10¹⁷–8×10¹⁷ cm⁻³, and 0.1–0.6 cm²/Vs, respectively, for the N–Al codoped p-type ZnO films. Hall measurement, X-ray diffraction, and optical transmission were carried out to investigate the changes of the properties with the storage period. Results show that the p-type characteristics of the N–Al codoped ZnO films are of acceptable reproducibility and stability. In addition, the N–Al codoped p-type ZnO films have good crystallinity and optical quality. The properties are time independent.     

Research and Improvement on structure stability and corrosion resistance of nickel-base superalloy INCONEL alloy 740

INCONEL alloy 740 is a newly developed Ni–Cr–Co–Mo–Nb–Ti–Al superalloy in the application to ultra-supercritical boilers with steam temperatures up to 700 °C. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro-chemical phase analyses, and corrosion-resisting test, this paper investigates the structure stability of the alloy at elevated temperature and concentrates on coal ash corrosion performance of the alloy under the simulated coal ash/flue gas condition. Experimental results show that the most important structure instabilities of the alloy during prolonged aging are γ′ coarsening, γ′ to η transformation and G phase formation at grain boundary. The performance of corrosion resistance of the alloy would meet the requirement of ultra-supercritical boiler tubes. The phase computation by means of Thermo-Calc has been adopted in chemical composition modification for structure stability improvement. Two suggested new modified alloys in adjustment of the Al and Ti contents and in control of Si level, and also in maintenance of Cr content of the alloy were designed and melted for experimental investigation. These two modified alloys exhibit more stable microstructure during 760 °C long time aging.     

Determination of density distribution in ferrous powder compacts using ultrasonic tomography.

Laser-induced ultrasonic bulk wave tomography is used for density variation determination of powder metal compacts. A laser beam is used to excite ultrasonic energy, and the signals passing through the specimen are received by an air-coupled transducer. The density variations of powder metal compacts can be determined directly by the cross-sectional tomographic images of slowness obtained by using a filtered, backprojection algorithm based on measured time of flights. Interpolations with respect to sample and projection angles are used to generate the input data required for displaying a well-balanced, reconstructed image to reduce the aliasing distortions caused by insufficient input data. Results of presintered cylindrical ferrous powdered samples show that this novel approach makes the reconstruction process more cost effective than the very tedious, time-consuming, and inaccurate metallographic methods, thus making it a potentially powerful tool for studying manufacturing processes through significant parameters to obtain a more uniform density distribution.     

60000m^3／h空分设备物料平衡及变负荷控制原理

文章以60000m^3／h空分设备为例，以理论计算为基础，从物料平衡角度出发，介绍空分设备的自动变负荷的控制原理和计算。实际运行证明，自动变负荷控制系统运行效果较好。     

60000m~3/h空分设备物料平衡及变负荷控制原理

文章以60000m3/h空分设备为例,以理论计算为基础,从物料平衡角度出发,介绍空分设备的自动变负荷的控制原理和计算。实际运行证明,自动变负荷控制系统运行效果较好。     

Comparison of structural and photoluminescence properties of ZnO thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition and ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

ZnO thin films have been deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method, respectively. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy characterizations indicate that ZnO film grown by PLD exhibits better crystallinity than that grown by USP. Photoluminescence spectra show that the near-band edge ultraviolet emission of film grown by PLD is narrower and shifts to higher energy, compared with that of film grown by USP. In the visible range, ZnO film grown by PLD exhibits four local level emission centered at 470 nm, 486 nm, 544 nm, and 613 nm, respectively, while the film grown by USP only presents a weak broad band emission centered at 502 nm. Hall measurement shows higher carrier density and lower hall mobility in ZnO film grown by PLD than that in film grown by USP. The higher density of intrinsic defects as well as higher crystallintiy is considered to account for the difference of photoluminescence in ZnO film grown by PLD with that in film grown by USP.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2及其光催化活性研究

采用正交设计方法,试验研究了4种因素对溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2光催化活性的影响,确定了各因素所对应的最佳水平,得到了溶胶-凝胶法制备高光催化活性纳米TiO2的最佳工艺条件;且对最佳工艺条件制备的TiO2和商业粉P-25进行了XRD和UV-Vis吸收光谱分析.结果表明,自制的TiO2由纯锐钛矿组成,其平均晶粒尺寸为18.2 nm,比混晶型的P-25 TiO2晶粒尺寸(24.7 nm)要小.自制TiO2粉在330～370nm的紫外光区的吸收增强,在可见光区的吸收也较P-25有所增强.两者都有利于光催化活性的提高,使得光催化降解甲基橙的活性与P-25相当.