煤矿企业推行强制商业保险的障碍与对策

分析了我国煤矿企业商业保险缺失的现实状况和制约因素,提出煤矿企业推行强制雇主责任险及意外险的对策：完善多层次的保险保障体系、开拓多样化的保费筹措渠道和建立多元化的风险分散机制。     

自然邻点插值在渗流场/应力场构造中的应用

计算渗流场或初始地应力场的网格一般要比实际结构分析的网格大，因此结构分析时需要将大网格中的渗流场或初始地应力场转换到小的结构分析网格中。若有大网格信息，就可以利用有限元形函数进行转换。但有时只有大网格结点坐标和相应的物理量，此时一般采用加权平均法进行转换，这种转换的精度不是太高。自然邻点插值法是基于给定结点的Voronoi图，通过自然邻点的坐标值构造插值函数，因此特别适合只有结点坐标和相应的物理量，而要将其应用于另一种网格模型的情况。给出了两种自然邻点插值的构造方式及其具体实现步骤。算例表明采用自然邻点插值构造场的精度很高。     

四旋翼飞行器航姿测量系统的数据融合方法

针对小型四旋翼飞行器航姿测量系统中MEMS器件精度低、易发散等问题,提出一种新的数据融合方法,对航姿测量系统中陀螺仪、加速度计和电子罗盘的输出数据进行融合。利用MEMS惯性测量元件搭建了一个低成本航姿测量系统,分析了姿态解算的过程和难点,采用基于梯度下降的姿态融合算法,对四元数更新方程进行了补偿。实验结果表明:与目前常用的卡尔曼滤波算法相比,基于梯度下降的数据融合算法能显著降低对处理器速度和精度的要求,能有效融合航姿测量单元的传感器数据,提高小型四旋翼飞行器的姿态测量精度。     

基于制导引信一体化的自适应起爆控制

引信与导引头一体化( GIF)设计是提高引战配合效率的有效途径.结合一般雷达导引头,首先介绍一种波控引信与硬件一体化引信进行设计,提出一体化引信起爆控制的逻辑算法流程;然后建立基于GIF信息条件下和基于引信自身信息条件下的两种弹目交会模型,并推导了最佳起爆角、起爆延时的数学表达式;最后分析计算几种弹目交会条件下,多普勒...     

Surface modification with cobalt oxide nanocluster for enhanced surface oxygen exchange reactions of GDC-LSCF membrane: fabrication,electrochemical kinetic properties,and stability

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - Surface oxygen exchange is a critical reaction process involved in ceramic devices for energy conversion and storage such as gas separation membranes and solid...     

Hybrid CuO-Co3O4 nanosphere/RGO sandwiched composites as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Hybrid CuO-Co₃O₄ nanosphere building blocks have been embedded between the layered nanosheets of reduced graphene oxides with a three dimensional (3D) hybrid architecture (CuO-Co₃O₄-RGO), which are successfully applied as enhanced anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The CuO-Co₃O₄-RGO sandwiched nanostructures exhibit a reversible capacity of~847 mA·h·g^-1 after 200 cycles' cycling at 100 mA·g^-1 with a capacity retention of 79%. The CuO-Co₃O₄-RGO compounds show superior electrochemical properties than the comparative CuO-Co₃O₄, Co₃O₄ and CuO anodes, which may be ascribed to the following reasons:the hybridizing multicomponent can probably give the complementary advantages; the mutual benefit of uniformly distributing nanospheres across the layered RGO nanosheets can avoid the agglomeration of both the RGO nanosheets and the CuO-Co₃O₄ nanospheres; the 3D storage structure as well as the graphene wrapped composite could enhance the electrical conductivity and reduce volume expansion effect associated with the discharge-charge process.     

生物质与烟煤混合燃烧特性及动力学分析研究

使用非等温热分析方法研究了生物质(麦秆)和烟煤混合燃烧的反应特性。结果表明,生物质的添加可以降低混合样品的燃烧着火温度和燃烬温度,且混合样品燃烧反应性能随着生物质混合比例的增加而提升;生物质添加质量分数为20%时,煤和生物质混合燃烧协同作用最明显。使用Coats-Redfern(CR)、Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO)和Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(KAS)动力学模型对混合样品燃烧活化能进行计算,其值在挥发分燃烧阶段随着生物质混合比例的增加而增加,在焦炭燃烧阶段呈现下降趋势;通过对FWO和KAS动力学模型有效性进行分析发现,FWO和KAS模型在描述混合样品燃烧动力学时存在一定的局限性,而采用适宜机理函数的CR模型更适用于描述混合样品的燃烧反应动力学,对燃烧机理的分析也印证了动力学的分析结果。     

纳米材料在抗高温钻井液中的应用进展

纳米材料具有尺寸较小、热稳定性强等性质,使其可作为钻井液处理剂来提高钻井液的抗高温性能。抗高温钻井液用纳米材料一般采用将材料纳米化或将纳米材料与聚合物复合制得,大致可分为无机纳米材料、聚合物纳米球和纳米复合材料三类。此外,对纳米材料进行结构优化可提高其热稳定性和分散性,用于封堵岩层中纳米孔隙、降低钻井液滤失量、改善钻井液流变性和提高钻井液抗温能力。本文简要阐述高温对钻井液性能的影响,分析纳米材料在钻井液中的作用,重点介绍不同类型纳米材料在抗高温（≥150℃）钻井液中的应用,尤其是对钻井液流变性能和降滤失效果的影响。最后指出纳米材料作为钻井液处理剂未来发展应向着环保、合成工艺简化和室内与现场研究相结合等方向突破。     

Synthesis of tubular silica fiber via all-aqueous microfluidics for geopolymer regulation

Lightweight hollow ceramic microfibers/microparticles hold promising prospects in numerous applications. To date, it remains a challenge to develop a fabrication strategy that well balances product quality and efficiency. In this article, an all-aqueous microfluidic method was proposed to prepare tubular polymeric fiber as the preceramic template. The relevant dimensional parameters could be promptly regulated via simple flow rate control. This approach could serve as a general technical route to preparing different kinds of ceramics by switching the types of nanoparticles. Here, silica nanoparticles were introduced and the ceramic microfiber could be got via calcination. Afterward, the tubular silica microfiber was employed to synthesize geopolymer composite by mold casting. The chemically formed interfacial bonding between the silica microfiber and geopolymer matrix was confirmed by elemental analysis. The addition of 10% volume fraction silica microfiber could not only increase the flexural modulus of geopolymer composite by 3.5 times but also effectively inhibited crack propagation under thermal circumstances.     

108 m3聚合釜引发剂用量及加入技术对树脂质量的影响

引发剂是调节氯乙烯悬浮聚合反应速率,并影响聚合放热、聚合周期和聚合釜生产能力的重要助剂。引发剂对氯乙烯悬浮聚合动力学的影响主要与引发剂的活性、用量有关。引发剂用量、加入方式和前后期使用比例等对树脂质量也有明显的影响。