煤直接液化中SO2-4 /ZrO2固体酸的催化作用

以二苯甲烷、苯乙醚为煤的模型化合物,以四氢萘(THN)为溶剂,进行中高压加氢液化实验,结合产物的气相色谱和质谱分析,考察了SO2-4/ZrO2固体酸对煤直接液化的催化作用及加氢液化机理.实验结果表明,SO2-4/ZrO2固体酸对模型化合物的转化具有良好的催化活性,与非催化液化相比,400 ℃、H2初压5 MPa、30 min时二苯甲烷的转化率由8.96%提高到61.75%,且模型化合物的存在促进了溶剂THN的转化,上述条件下THN的转化率也达到10.92%;模型化合物及THN的转化主要包括氢解、异构、氢转移及烷基化等反应;SO2-4/ZrO2固体酸的催化作用主要为酸催化的离子反应机理,增强催化剂的酸性有利于煤的催化液化.     

UV-LIGA深度光刻机平滑衍射技术研究

UV-LIGA深度光刻技术是加工微型机电系统的一项重要的微细加工技术。介绍了一种平滑衍射效应的位错强度叠加原理，它采用了蝇眼积分透镜去平滑衍射，并模拟数值计算了硅片表面的光强分布，最后给出了光刻结果。     

遗传算法在通信网设计中的应用

由于优化问题的非线性，不能用传统的算法解决，本文利用遗传算法解决通信网设计中的优化问题，取得了良好的效果。     

On the behavior of microstructures with multiple length scales

The current study aims to provide fundamental insight into the behavior of microstructures containing grain sizes that span multiple length scales. A commercial 5083 Al alloy was selected as the material of interest to facilitate comparison with recently published data. The materials studied here were prepared via the thermal consolidation of powders that were cryomilled for different times (i.e., 0, 2, 4, and 8 hours). Following consolidation, the resultant microstructure was characterized by an equiaxed grain morphology with a size distribution centered around 200∼300 nm. Dispersed among the 200- to 300-nm grains were coarse-grained regions or ligaments with a grain size ranging from 600 nm to 2 μm. The occurrence of coarse-grained regions is rationalized on the basis of recrystallization or subgrain coarsening, whereas the occurrence of equiaxed fine regions is proposed to be a result of continuous grain growth. Two types of microstructures were selected for study, containing coarse-grained volumes of approximately 28 pct and 43 pct that corresponded to an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 566 MPa and 535 MPa, and a fracture strain of 3.2 pct and 3.5 pct, respectively. The observed ductility and the relevant toughening mechanisms were discussed in light of the presence of multiple length scales.     

适用于啤酒行业能源管理的智能冷量积算仪

介绍了智能冷量积算仪的测量原理以及软硬件设计，该仪表适用于啤酒行业中冰水和乙二醇水溶液冷量计量，并得到成功应用，具有广阔的应用前景。     

东营市CNG公交汽车改装及加气站经济性研究

对东营市公交汽车改装方案和建设相应的加气站进行了研究，结果表明，以2006年当地90号汽油、0号柴油和CNG价格计算，改装为柴油CNG双燃料公交车比柴油车，每天每车可节省燃料费92．24元，成本回收期为3．6个月；建一座年设计加气量为547．5万m^3、可供200-250辆汽车加气的常规开放式加气站，投资回收期为8年零8个月。改装汽车和建设加气站可利用当地丰富的天然气资源，节约石油，保护环境。     

Mechanical properties of iron processed by severe plastic deformation

In the present study, the mechanical properties of Fe processed via severe plastic deformation (equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP)) at room temperature were investigated for the first time. The grain size of annealed Fe, with an initial grain size of about 200 μm, was reduced drastically during ECAP. After eight passes, the grain size reaches 200 to 400 nm, as documented by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The value of microhardness during pressing increases 3 times over that of the starting material after the first pass and increases slightly during subsequent pressing for higher-purity Fe. Examination of the value of microhardness after eight passes as a function of post-ECAP annealing temperature shows a transition from recovery to recrystallization, an observation that resembles the behavior reported for heavily deformed metals and alloys. The tensile and compression behaviors were examined. In tension, a drop in the engineering stress-engineering strain curve beyond maximum load was observed both in the annealed Fe and the ECAP Fe. This drop is related to the neck deformation. The fracture surface, examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), shows vein patterns, which is different from the dimples found on the fracture surface of annealed Fe. In compression, an initial strain-hardening region followed by a no-strain-hardening region was observed in the ECAP Fe. The yield strength in tension of the ECAP Fe was observed to be higher than that in compression. The strengthening mechanisms and softening behavior are discussed.     

Nanoindentation mapping of mechanical properties of cement paste and natural rocks

This paper reports a study to assess nanoindentation mapping of mechanical properties of cement paste and natural rocks. Initial work seems to show that mechanical property mapping by nanoindentation is feasible and can be related to microscopic information. Further work is however required on the effect of indent size and spacing. Such a testing technique can be very useful for materials with different phases to study the intrinsic properties of each component, and also the interaction and properties of the interfacial regions of different phases. The values of Young's modulus and hardness of the individual mineral phases were also determined by statistically analysing a large number of experimental data.     

浅埋地下建筑风冷热泵空调系统传热模型与试验研究

本文在浅埋地下建筑风冷热泵空调系统围护结构传热动态模拟的基础上，通过对南京市太园地下旅社围护结构传热的实时测试，验证动态传热模型及计算机模拟方法的可行性和正确性，为浅埋地下建筑风冷热泵空调系统的装机容量、节能指标和设计计算提供一定的理论依据。