用硫化银电极测定电镀废水中微量氰

上海电镀厂1号排水口废水是镀铬与镀铜锡合金等工艺的废液,在镀铜锡合会时采用含氰化物的镀液,为了使含氰废水中氰化物达到国家工业废水排放标准(0.5ppm),采用了较简便的?氯酸钠处理方法,使剧毒的氰化物氧化、分解为氮气和二氧化碳.在此废液中含过量的次氯酸钠.     

全膜法在生物质电厂除盐水处理中的应用

生物质发电是可再生能源发电的一种,全膜法在生物质电厂有着广泛的应用前景。论述了目前在建和已投运的多个生物质电厂全膜法除盐水处理系统的应用情况,介绍了全膜法系统的设计思路、设备布置方式以及不同工艺流程的应用特点,同时分析了系统调试运行期间的问题并提出了相关建议。     

生石灰改良高液限土路堤施工工艺

通过现场试验,研究了采用晾晒的方法和在高液限土中掺入生石灰降低高液限土含水率的效果,以及石灰改良高液限土的碾压工艺。试验结果表明:采用晾晒的方法降低高液限土含水率效果不理想,会延长工期,不利于施工;在高液限土中掺入生石灰可以有效降低高液限土的含水率,掺入生石灰后的前2天土料的含水率下降较多,第3天后土料的含水率变化较小,建议掺入生石灰降低高液限土含水率时焖料时间为3d;用生石灰改良高液限土时生石灰的掺量不宜太高,过高则土团之间石灰过多,将导致土团之间黏聚力降低,碾压时难以达到设计要求的压实度;经生石灰改良的高液限土宜采用重型压路机碾压,碾压应以静压为主。     

基于SWAT 模型的汾河灌区非点源污染负荷评估

近年来,由于集约化种植、畜禽养殖及农村生活污水排放等,大部分灌区出现严重的农业非点源污染,了解灌区内非点源污染程度及其产输出特征,对于保证灌区的可持续发展显得越加重要。以山西汾河灌区为研究区域,利用灌区出口义棠水文站1997—2006年水量、2004—2006年总氮TN和总磷TP实测数据,基于SWAT模型构建了汾河灌区非点源污染分布式模型。探讨了灌区农业非点源污染负荷（主要是TN 和TP）的时间分布规律,识别了非点源污染关键区,并分析了各类污染源的贡献率。结果表明：灌区TN、TP 流失大多发生在汛期（7—9月）,二者在汛期的流失量分别占全年负荷量的58.5%和76.0%;灌区自上而下,氮、磷污染有逐渐加重的趋势,灌区硝态氮浓度均小于10mg/L,可溶性磷关键区（可溶性磷浓度大于50μg/L）主要分布在汾河太原段、汾西和三坝灌区; 土壤固有养分流失、种植施肥、农村生活和畜禽养殖污水排放产生的TN 负荷分别占灌区总量的47.1%、24.3%、13.0%和15.6%,产生的TP负荷分别占58.7%,12.1%、7.6%和21.6%。     

Improved single-neuron PID controller for DC motor applied in robot system

An improved single-neuron proportional integral derivative (PID) controller and a new method to build the DC motor system were presented in the article. In the simulation, the robot arm is considered as an external load to DC motor. Both the motor module and the load module are created in Simulink to achieve simulation results closer to real robot system. In this way, it can well verify the performance of the improved single-neuron PID controller, which is a combined controller of normal PID controller and single-neuron PID controller. Besides, an intelligent switcher can help to realize the function of choosing a better control algorithm according to motor’s velocity output. Simulated results confirm the rapid and stable response of the improved PID controller. Moreover, the improved single-neuron PID controller has an excellent ability to overcome the load impact and supress the jamming signals. At last, a GUI interface platform is built to make the controller easier to be applied in other robot systems.     

外贸企业跨境贸易人民币结算业务发展研究

国际结算是保障与促进国际贸易正常进行的必要手段,实施跨境贸易人民币结算有利于外贸企业规避国际结算汇率风险、扩大出口规模.本文针对外贸企业跨境贸易人民币结算实施过程中存在的各种问题,提出了扩大跨境贸易人民币试点范围、优化出口商品结构、稳定人民币汇率等对策建议.     

Electromagnetic wave propagation of wireless capsule endoscopy in human body

Wireless capsule endoscopy(WCE) is a promising technique which has overcome some limitations of traditional diagnosing tools, such as the comfortlessness of the cables and the inability of examining small intestine section. However, this technique is still far from mature and asks for the feasible improvements. For example, the relatively low transmission data rate and the absence of the real-time localization information of the capsule are all important issues. The studies of them rely on the understanding of the electromagnetic wave propagation in human body. Investigation of performance of WCE communication system was carried out by studying electromagnetic(EM) wave propagation of the wireless capsule endoscopy transmission channel. Starting with a pair of antennas working in a human body mimic environment, the signal transmissions and attenuations were examined. The relationship between the signal attenuation and the capsule(transmitter) position, and direction was also evaluated. These results provide important information for real-time localization of the capsule. Moreover, the pair of antennas and the human body were treated as a transmission channel, on which the binary amplitude shift keying(BASK) modulation scheme was used. The relationship between the modulation scheme, data rate and bit error rate was also determined in the case of BASK. With the obtained studies, it make possible to provide valuable information for further studies on the selection of the modulation scheme and the real-time localization of the capsules.     

GPS天线相位中心水平方向偏差的检测与校正

针对常规旋转天线法中旋转角度不准确以及天线相位中心具有随机性的情况,提出了利用均值法进行GPS接收机天线相位中心水平方向上偏差的检测和校正.该方法是将两台接收机安置在超短基线两端,固定其中一台接收机,将另外一台接收机天线均匀旋转,基线解算,计算旋转的接收机天线相位中心水平方向偏差大小.结合实例证明:新的检测方法快捷、简便,适合野外利用超短基线进行天线相位中心水平方向偏差的检测.     

氟铝酸钾共晶铝钎剂的研究

本文研究了在不同结晶条件下制备得到的一系列KF-AlF3共晶产物。使用差热分析法(DTA)测定了这一系列产物的熔点,使用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)确定了各生成物的组成。试验表明,在反应过程中,将结晶温度控制在特定条件下有利于得到主结构为K2A1F5·H2O的氟铝酸钾共晶材料。该材料为铝及铝合金钎焊过程应用的理想状态铝钎剂。