Recent progress of CERN RD50 Collaboration

The objective of the CERN RD50 Collaboration is to develop radiation hard semiconductor detectors for very high luminosity colliders, in particular, for the upgrade of the large hadron collider （LHC） which itself is scheduled to be operational in 2007. The approach of the RD50 has two major research lines, material engineering and device engineering. These are further subdivided into projects covering defect characterization and engineering, new detector materials, detector characterization, new detector structures and full detector systems. Presently, 264 members from 53 institutes are actively participating in the RD50 Collaboration. Detectors made of defect engineered substrates, e.g. high resistivity magnetic Czochralski （MCz-Si）, epitaxial silicon （Epi-Si） on Czochralski silicon （Cz-Si） substrate, intentionally thermal donor （TD） compensated p-type MCz-Si and oxygen enriched （DOFZ） silicon, have been demonstrated by the RD50 Collaboration. An overview and highlights of the results of these defect engineering techniques were given in this report.     

镁合金新产品

国际镁协会估计西方国家1987年镁产量达到268000吨,为原镁生产能力的88%左右.尽管可能出现少量过剩,一些原镁生产厂认为总产量仍太少.有些生产厂宣布了扩充计划,到1992年,西方国家镁的生产能力将增加100000吨.新增加的产能大多数是在加拿大和美国.     

Fabrication and Characterisation of Rutile-TiO_2 Coatings on Metallic Alloy Substrates

RUTILE-TJO2is a versatile material possessing manyinteresting physical,chemical,optical and dielectricproperties[l].It is also a good tribological material thatcan offer low friction and low wear rate[2,3].However,the application of rutile in the tribological field hasbeen limited to titanium alloys only so far,for example,by thermal oxidation of titanium alloys[4,5].Very fewinvestigations have been directed to the tribologicalapplications of rutile films on substrates other thantitanium al…     

Fe－1．83C马氏体中碳的有序化──Ⅰ．普通有序相的晶体结构

采用电子衍射方法对Ｆｅ－１．８３Ｃ马氏体室温时效时产生的有序相结构进行研究，确定其结构为偏离化学计量成分Ｆｅ_４Ｃ的γ′－Ｆｅ_４结构，称为γ′－Ｆｅ_ｘＣ（Ⅰ）（ｘ＝４－１１）。碳原子位于单胞的１／２，１／２，１／２位置。该有序相单胞尺寸为：（ａ_Ｍ，ｃ_Ｍ分别为马氏体单胞的ａ和ｃ轴长度），它与母相完全共格，位向关系为（００１）_Ⅰ∥（００１）_Ｍ，［１００］_Ⅰ∥［１１０］_Ｍ。根据γ′－Ｆｅ_ｘＣ（Ⅰ）晶体结构计算出的有序相衍射花样与实验得到的衍射花样全部吻合。     

关于处理与合理利用含金属镁废料问题

处理与利用含金属镁及镁基合金废料的经验证明,它是国民经济增产再生金属的极其重要的原料来源。冶金生产废料(А)和镁合金制品及半成品机械加工的废料(Б),都是最常见的含镁废料:     

波列夫斯克冰晶石厂循环供水中的污水利用

冰晶石厂的污水是在设备和物料冷却、设备洗涤、真空泵灌水、气体净化与工艺净化过程中产生的。由表1可见,波列夫斯克冰晶石厂的污水可按其含氟量分为两类。 1.工业污水在工艺过程中不直接与生产产品接触,其含氟量为5～50毫克/升。在氟化盐生产中,这些污水约占80～85％。氟浓度低于30～50毫克/升的污水,其净化除氟的工业方法既昂贵,效率又不高。所以设置循环     

工模具的高频等离子化学热处理

研究工具钢高频等离子化学热处理的可能性,对提高工模具寿命有大的价值。利用无电极高频感应等离子加速装置镀渗薄膜的工作,已有文献报道。该方法如下:将欲镀渗材料于大气压下放入高频等离子加速装置的放电室,处于等离子流之中,材料在高温区被加热、蒸发,并以等离子流形式向基板输送。在一定条件下,蒸发产物冷凝并产生等离子化学反应,采用不同的雾化材料和等离子气体,可以获得各种成分的镀渗层。但是,由于存在镀渗     

INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS ON HYDROGEN DIFFUSION USING SCM-DV-Xα

The influence of alloy composition (Ti,Mn,TiN) on hydrogen diffusion in Fe was studied in detail using SCM-DV-Xα method.The voltage barriers were obtained via calculation on Fe clusters containing the alloy elements such as Ti,Mn as well as the chemical compound TiN respectively.The results showed that Ti element produced deep trap in Fe,decreasing the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen elements，Mn element did not produce deep trap in Fe,decreasing the diffusion coefficient slightly and TiN in Fe produced very deep “trap” decreasing the diffusion coefficient obviously.The calculation results were in agreement with experiment results.     

砂箱结构的改进

砂箱处于刚性条件下工作,由于动负荷大和受热不均衡而发生不均匀的变形,常导致箱角处形成裂纹。加大砂箱壁及其构件的厚度,只是使砂箱的强度提高一些,但由于砂箱的金属用量增加又很不经济。如果把箱角处作成穿通孔状,那么砂箱的使用寿命降低了。因为要把型砂充满砂箱,又要紧实,使砂箱的温差变形只能是单向的,故而增大孔的宽度。为了提高砂箱的使用寿命,研制出的砂箱(苏联专利,发明证书号1014632),1是箱壁,2是箱角处的垂直孔(见A—A剖视)。