Comparative analysis of different methods for image enhancement

Image enhancement technology plays a very important role to improve image quality in image processing. By enhancing some information and restraining other information selectively, it can improve image visual effect. The objective of this work is to implement the image enhancement to gray scale images using different techniques. After the fundamental methods of image enhancement processing are demonstrated, image enhancement algorithms based on space and frequency domains are systematically investigated and compared. The advantage and defect of the above-mentioned algorithms are analyzed. The algorithms of wavelet based image enhancement are also deduced and generalized. Wavelet transform modulus maxima（WTMM） is a method for detecting the fractal dimension of a signal, it is well used for image enhancement. The image techniques are compared by using the mean（μ）,standard deviation（？）, mean square error（MSE） and PSNR（peak signal to noise ratio）. A group of experimental results demonstrate that the image enhancement algorithm based on wavelet transform is effective for image de-noising and enhancement. Wavelet transform modulus maxima method is one of the best methods for image enhancement.     

信息革命与软实力

当代信息革命对世界的影响重大而深远,世界从此步入了信息时代。信息时代就是软实力的时代。国家之间软实力的竞争不一定是一国所得必是他国所失的零和博弈。软实力的发展是可以实现双赢局面的。     

水力空化联合H2O2降解壳聚糖的研究

利用水力空化装置对壳聚糖溶液进行了降解实验。分析了壳聚糖浓度、入口压力、p H值、温度、H2O2浓度等不同因素对壳聚糖溶液降解的影响。结果表明:水力空化对壳聚糖的降解程度随壳聚糖浓度的增加而减小,随着入口压力及水温的增加而增大;在一定条件下,水力空化对壳聚糖的降解存在着一个最佳的p H值;水力空化联合H2O2强化处理大大增强了降解的效果。该方法既能减少氧化剂的投放,也能提高降解的效率。     

四氢萘催化裂化研究进展

加氢处理油中含有一定量的环烷基单环芳烃,研究四氢萘催化裂化有利于加强对更多环数环烷基单环芳烃催化裂化的认识。综述了四氢萘催化裂化过程的反应机理,认为四氢萘主要遵循单分子裂化机理;从反应活化能、扩散、吸附等动力学角度对四氢萘裂解行为进行了解释;催化剂适宜的孔径和BrØnsted酸强度有利于四氢萘开环;随着反应温度升高、剂/油质量比增大、质量空速减小,四氢萘反应活性增强,同时氢转移反应愈发明显。适宜的催化剂孔径和Brnsted酸强度、反应温度、剂/油质量比以及质量空速有利于四氢萘裂化生成低碳烯烃。     

Microstructure of ternary Zn1-xCdxO films on silicon substrate

Ternary Zn1-x CdxO alloying films were deposited on silicon substrates by a reactive magnetron sputtering method. The structures of the films were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis, respectively. The XRD measurement shows that the wurtzite-type structure of Zn1-xCdxO can be stabilized up to Cd content of x=0.53 without a cubic CdO phase separation. The TEM measurement shows that the films have a columnar structure and the grains are highly c-axis oriented perpendicularly on silicon substrate although some grain boundaries are slightly tilted. High resolution TEM observation indicates that a native layer of amorphous SiO2 exists at the ZnCdO/Si interface and that ZnCdO grains with c-axis preferred orientation nucleate directly on substrate surface.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of nano-TiO2 codoped with fluorine and ferric

Nano-F /Fe^3＋/TiO2 particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in a mixed CF3COOH-Fe（NO3）3-H2O solution. The photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in aqueous solution was used as a probe to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersion X-ray spectrum （EDS） and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） surface area analysis. The results show that F- and Fe^3＋ are doped into TiO2. The F^- and Fe^3＋ doping can help to enhance the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic activity greatly. The appropriate codoping conditions for F-Fe are n（F）/n（TiO2）=2%, n（Fe）/n（TiO2）=0.05%, and the degradation rate of methylene blue at l h is improved from 73.2% to 87.5%. The codoped nano-F /Fe^3＋/TiO2 particles have higher BET specific surface area, smaller crystallite size and higher photocatalytic activity than those of undoped TiO2 particles.     

Al2O3（p）／Al—Mg复合材料界面微结构研究

利用分析透射电镜研究了液态搅拌法制备的Ａｌ２Ｏ３（ｐ）／Ａｌ－Ｍｇ复合材料界面微结构。结果表明，界面反应产物与基体Ｍｇ含量有关，反应产物与Ａｌ２Ｏ３（ｐ）之间存在一定取向关系，界面附近基体中存在大量位错。     

TiN涂层性能的分析与测定

测定并分析了用PCVD法获得的TiN涂层内的残余应力、涂层的抗变形性以及涂层的耐磨性。实验结果表明,TiN涂层内有残余应应力存在,在一定的变形力作用下,涂层将发生脆性断裂,TiN涂层的耐磨性是45°淬火钢的24倍。TiN涂层这些特性为它的应用奠定了基础。     

铝合金流变成形标准试样的压铸模设计

根据铝合金半固态浆料的充型特点，为防止出现卷气、夹杂和充型不完整等常见缺陷，设计了一套铝合金流变成形标准试样的压铸模具。用该模具成形的试样可用于铝合金流变成形工艺、组织与性能的研究。