A 2.20 eV Bandgap Polymer Donor for Efficient Colorful Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

Semitransparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) have attracted increasing attention due to their promising prospect in building-integrated photovoltaics. Generally, efficient ST-OSCs with good average visible transmittance (AVT) can be realized by developing active layer materials with light absorption far from the visible light range. Herein, the development of ultrawide bandgap polymer donors with near-ultraviolet absorption, paired with near-infrared acceptors, is proposed to achieve high-performance ST-OSCs. The key points for the design of ultrawide bandgap polymers include constructing donor–donor type conjugated skeleton, suppressing the quinoidal resonance effect, and minimizing the twist of conjugated skeleton via noncovalent conformational locks. As a proof of concept, a polymer named PBOF with an optical bandgap of 2.20 eV is synthesized, which exhibited largely reduced overlap with the human eye photopic response spectrum and afforded a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.40% in opaque device. As a result, ST-OSCs with a PCE over 10% and an AVT over 30% are achieved without optical modulation. Moreover, colorful ST-OSCs with visual aesthetics can be achieved by tuning the donor/acceptor weight ratio in active layer benefiting from the ultrawide bandgap nature of PBOF. This study demonstrates the great potential of ultrawide bandgap polymers for efficient colorful ST-OSCs.     

Design techniques for voltage-to-time converters with nonlinearity emphasis

This paper provides an in-depth treatment of voltage-to-time converters (VTCs) for time-based signal processing with a nonlinearity emphasis. The need for VTCs in deployment of time-based techniques for high-speed or high-resolution analog-to-digital converters is investigated. It is followed with the classification of VTCs. A detailed treatment of the principle, topology, operation, and design consideration of variable-slope (VS) and constant-slope (CS) VTCs is provided. The nonlinearity of VS-VTCs and that of CS-VTCs are analyzed in detail analytically. It is shown that VS-VTCs is inherently nonlinear while CS-VTCs is intrinsically linear. Factors contributing to the nonlinearity of these VTCs are investigated. VS-VTCs and CS-VTCs studied are designed in TSMC 130 nm 1.2 V CMOS and analyzed using Spectre from Cadence Design Systems with BSIM3.3 device models. A good agreement between simulation and analytical results is obtained. The average gain of the VS-VTC is 4.4 times that of the CS-VTC. The 2nd and 3rd harmonics of the CS-VTC are significantly smaller as compared with those of the VS-VTC at the price of more power consumption.

     

依法治检下提高计量技术档案管理科学化水平的思考

计量技术档案除了可以显示出技术机构运行的情况,方便工作人员及时发现并调整体系运行过程中存在的问题,使所有工作有序进行以外,还为日常检定工作的溯源和改进提供了主要凭证和强大动力。在计量事业发展的同时,档案管理也发扬着其日益重要的作用,怎样管理好计量技术档案是当前依法治检中不可或缺的一项重要工作,该篇文章将围绕计量技术单位该怎样安排有限的人力资源,做好各项档案管理工作,保证在常规工作有条不紊的进行的同时,能科学化妥善保管各种工作档案来谈谈自己的理解。     

卷积积分和拉普拉斯变换在一阶电路中的应用

电路的任意激励的零状态响应,可以用卷积积分和拉普拉斯交换的方法求解。本文通过两个一阶电路的实例,阐述了两种方法的应用特点。     

基于水印和密码的数字版权管理模型的研究

在分析了数字版权研究现状和功能框架的基础上,设计了基于多重数字水印和密码的版权管理模型;该模型采用数字内容和许可证各自单独封装、独立分发的方式,使得只有购买了许可证的特定用户才能使用数字内容,实现了水印作品的许可交易;另外,内容服务器采用的对数字作品加载两次水印,对数字内容部分签名加密,未加密部分签名的方案,在有效保证数字内容安全传输的基础上又减少了计算量和存储量;分析表明该模型有显著的优点和很好的安全性。     

在线修正的人脸姿态跟踪算法及交互应用

针对人脸在跟踪过程中可能存在大幅度的倾斜、旋转、遮挡以及肤色干扰等问题,提出一种基于在线修正的人脸跟踪算法.该算法当人脸检测失效时,人脸跟踪模块将用于提取目标参数;而在人脸跟踪过程中,为减小由连续跟踪造成的累积误差,利用人脸实时检测机制新检测到的人脸目标参数来修正跟踪模块的参数,包括跟踪窗口的位置和尺度,从而利用了人脸检测和人脸跟踪各自的优点.通过实验,其结果表明,该算法能够精确地跟踪复杂姿态下的人脸目标,并且能够解决肤色干扰和遮挡的问题,具有很好的适应性和鲁棒性.另外,将在线修正的跟踪方法应用于娱乐游戏控制,为人机交互提供了新的方式.     

略谈平面设计中的触觉体验

本文通过对触觉设计这一设计理念的论述,探讨材质在平面设计中的表现以及如何在平面设计中合理的运用触觉感受来传达信息,提高设计品质。     

Infrared aerial small target detection based on digital image processing

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Aiming for the problem detection of infrared imaging aerial small target under complex background, an intelligent algorithm is presented based on digital image...     

基于Android的PC无线控制器的设计与实现

介绍一个基于Android平台的人机交互设计方案:通过编程将手机变为PC的无线控制器,可提供PPT遥控、无线游戏手柄、远程关机及锁屏等功能。     

利用VC++绘制XMAC各向异性图的实现方法

简要介绍了XMAC各向异性图的成图原理及算法设计。根据成图原理建立了算法的数学模型,用VC++编程具体实现了各向异性图的绘制,并给出了实现的关键步骤。通过与eXpress软件比较绘图的效果,证明了给出的绘制各向异性图的方法,绘图效果达到了工程实际应用的要求,能够满足生产实际需要,并已在GeoSpace解释平台中应用。