On pseudo-fractional integral inequalities related to Hermite–Hadamard type

General versions of Hermite–Hadamard type inequality for pseudo-fractional integrals of the order \(\alpha >0\) on a semiring \(\left( \left[ a,b\right] ,\oplus ,\odot \right) \) are studied. These inequalities include both pseudo-integral and fractional integral. The well-known previous results are shown to be special cases of our results. Finally, two open problems for further investigations are given.     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: A new structure and modeling of a three-axis MEMS capacitive accelerometer with high dynamic range and sensitivity

Microsystem Technologies - In this paper, a three-axis capacitor accelerator has been analyzed, modeled and optimized using micro-electromechanical systems technology. In the proposed structure,...     

Details of a theoretical model for electronic structure of the diamond vacancies

A new model to calculate electronic states of the diamond vacancies has been developed using many body techniques. This model is based on physical assumptions of previous molecular models but does not use configuration interaction. Present model allows an accurate and unified treatment of electronic levels and related eigen functions for diamond vacancies, in addition to transition energies of the first dipole-allowed transitions in the neutral (V⁰) and negatively charged (V⁻) vacancies, GR1 and ND1 band. For the first time, we calculated their optical transition intensities. For obtaining these results, we solved a generalized form of the Hubbard Hamiltonian, which consists of all electron–electron interaction terms on atomic orbital basis. Spatial symmetry of the defect, T_d symmetry, is included in the form of the Hamiltonian, and the eigen states have automatically the correct spin and symmetry properties. We discuss the possibility of the reduction of the wide gap between theoretical and semiempirical wisdom by including deformation of the dangling orbital or delocalization of the vacancy electrons to the next nearest neighbor (NNN) atoms of the vacancies. Our prediction for low lying the ³T₁ level of the neutral vacancy in diamond is consistent with experimental expectations. We report the variation of the ground and excited states of the GR1 and ND1 lines with hopping parameter t and also the electronic configurations of these states.     

A novel high tuning ratio MEMS cantilever variable capacitor

This paper presents a novel cantilever-type MEMS variable capacitor with high tuning ratio. In previous works, the cantilever is used as a switch but in our design, it is applied as a variable capacitor. For increasing the maximum achievable capacitance of the cantilever, the suspended capacitive plate should be moved as parallel with fixed plate. The parallel movement can be obtained using the novel structure which utilized two additional lateral beams. Also to overcome the pull-in phenomenon in new structure, the different membrane thickness technique is used. The novelty of our design is adding the lateral beams to make parallel movement of the suspended plate to increase the variable capacitor of the cantilever. The new device is designed on a thick silicon substrate with a thin poly silicon membrane. The results show the tuning range of tunable capacitor with initial capacitance of 560.1 fF can be improved from 6:1 for conventional cantilever to 22.5:1 for the new cantilever. In other words the capacitance tuning range increased three times.     

A high sensitive MEMS capacitive fingerprint sensor using slotted membrane

In this paper a novel single-chip microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) capacitive fingerprint sensor with slotted membrane is developed to improve the sensitivity. The capacitive sensor consists of a thin, flexible membrane and a rigid back plate with air gap. In this study with making slots in upper electrode to decrease the mechanical stiffness of the membrane, using proportional T-shaped protrusion on diaphragm in order to concentrate the force from finger ridges, making holes in lower electrode to reduce the air damping and using low stress material for diaphragm, we have been succeeded to design a novel MEMS fingerprint sensor with high sensitivity compared with the previous works (Sato et al., IEEE Trans Electron Devices 52:1026–1032, 2005; Damghanian and Majlis, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Semiconductor Electronics (ICSE 2008), pp 634–638 2008). The behaviors of the fingerprint sensor with clamped and slotted membranes are analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). The results yield a sensitivity of 1.44 fF/Mpa for the clamped and 3.22 fF/Mpa for the slotted fingerprint sensor with a 50 × 50 μm² diaphragm. The sensitivity of the slotted structure is increased 2.236 times.     

The control of asphaltene precipitation in oil wells

Asphaltene instability can occur in petroleum reservoirs leading to permeability reduction and deposition in transportation pipes restricting fluid flow. In this work, effect of reservoir pressure on amount of asphaltene precipitation was investigated. Two different asphaltene inhibitors (a new developed and an industrial) were used for preventing asphaltene deposition under static and dynamic conditions. Viscosity measurements of the oil, core flooding experiments and transmittance measurement were conducted to understand asphaltene precipitation and deposition behavior as well inhibitor efficiencies. Optimum concentration of the new asphaltene inhibitor was 200 ppm. Experiments show inhabitation efficiency of new inhibitor can reach up to 90% and showed better performance when compared with industrial one. In addition, squeeze lifetime of new inhibitor was 1.86 times longer than the industrial inhibitor in carbonate core samples. In the presence of new inhibitor formation damage and percent of transmittance was lower than in the presence of industrial asphaltene inhibitor.     

Experimental and modeling analysis of asphaltene precipitation in the near wellbore region of oil wells

In this work, effect of reservoir temperature (in a range of 50–100°С) on the amount of asphaltene precipitation was determined. Rate of asphaltene precipitation was increased by increasing temperature. Damaged permeability of carbonate core samples was investigated at different asphaltene contents conducting core flood tests. The results showed the experimental and predicted data of damaged permeability ratio due to asphaltene precipitation matched. Moreover, the optimum mass concentration of components of the developed asphaltene inhibitor was determined by measuring interfacial tension on the boundary of oil and inhibitor solution. In addition, the change in the concentration of asphaltene inhibitor was simulated depending on the radial distance to well, production time and type of isotherm.     

Regioselective synthesis of novel ketene dithioacetals

A series of novel ketene dithioacetals has been synthesized by condensation of active methylene compounds with carbon disulfide in the presence of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates. This regioselective reaction provides products in good yield by a Michael addition reaction followed by 5-endo-trig intramolecular cyclization. Structures of synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and mass spectra. The crystal structure of compound (C ₁₇H ₂₂O ₆S ₂) has been determined.     

A novel MEMS capacitive microphone using spring-type diaphragm

Microsystem Technologies - In this paper, we present a new design of diaphragm that supported by frog arms for MEMS capacitive microphone structure. The proposed diaphragm reduces the air damping...