日本下水污泥处理处置情况介绍

一直以来,日本高度重视污泥的资源化利用,并将考核指标更改为生物质循环利用率,同时对下水道重新定义,这对今后日本污泥处理处置的技术路线产生很大的影响.在介绍日本污泥处理处置现状的基础上,重点介绍在日本广泛应用的回转式污泥干化和焚烧装置.日本污泥处理处置的思路、经验和相关设备对我国污泥处理处置技术路线的选择和干化焚烧设备选择有较好的借鉴意义.     

直膨式太阳能热泵热水蓄热系统实验研究

为了探究太阳能集热系统通过直膨方式与空气源热泵结合的热水蓄热系统存在的问题及解决措施,搭建了直膨式太阳能辅助热泵热水蓄热系统性能实验台,研究分析了影响直膨式太阳能热泵热水系统性能的几种重要匹配关系及其作用规律.     

Research on Comparison and Evaluation Studies of Several Smoothing Denoising Method Based on γ-ray Spectrum Detector

The extraction of spectral parameters is very difficult because of the limited energy resolution for NaI(TI)[JP] gamma-ray detectors. For statistical fluctuation of radioactivity under complex environment, some smoothing filtering methods are proposed to solve the problem. These methods include adopting method of arithmetic moving average, center of gravity, least squares of polynomial, slide converter of discrete funcion convolution etc. The process of spectrum data is realized, and the results are assessed in H/FWHM(Peak High/Full Width at Half Maximum) and peak area based on the Matlab programming. The results indicate that different methods smoothed spectrum have respective superiority in different ergoregion, but the Gaussian function theory in discrete function convolution slide method is used to filter the complex γ-spectrum on Embedded system platform, and the statistical fluctuation of γ-spectrum is filtered well.     

绿色节能控制器的设计

设计制作基于433.9MHz业余频段的绿色无线节能控制器,实现了通过同步个人电脑(PC)或者服务器的开、关机行为,远程无线控制路由器供电插座的开关,使路由器在不使用的时间处于断电状态.此控制器有发射板与接收板两个部分.控制器的接收部分功耗低于1 W,降低能耗同时减少了空间电磁辐射.发射部分则利用摩托车防盗的电路技术,保证信号稳定性,其有效范围在200m左右.并利用芯片PT2262/2272远程的编码、解码功能屏蔽了干扰.一旦控制器的发射部分接受供电,就能立刻唤醒路由器,在很大程度上节约了电能.     

单车场关联物流运输调度问题的混沌遗传算法

提出了关联物流运输调度问题(Incident Vehicle Routing Problem,IVRP)概念,建立了单车场单车型的IVRP模型,并用混沌遗传算法求解关联物流运输调度问题.混沌遗传算法的基本思想是把混沌变量加载于遗传算法的变量群体中,利用混沌变量对子代群体进行微小扰动并随着搜索过程的进行逐渐调整扰动幅度.研究表明,该方法能有效地解决关联物流运输调度问题.     

基于可拓创新方法的项目式教学研究

探讨了在项目式教学中引入可拓学,以提高学生的创新能力.根据产品设计的流程,结合一个机械传动方案的设计,给出了应用可拓学进行不相容矛盾问题求解的步骤.实践表明该方法对于提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力,培养学生的创新能力是切实可行的,可为高校其他教学领域与环节提供一定的参考价值.     

An experimental study of the incipient bed shear stress partition in mobile bed channels filled with emergent rigid vegetation

This paper investigates the bed shear stress based on the condition of the incipient motion of sediment in a uniform-flow flume covered with emergent rigid vegetation,which is represented by arrays of circular cylinders arranged in a regular pattern.A total of 148 tests are performed to observe the influence of the vegetation density,bed slope,flow depth and sediment size on the bed shear stress.The tests reveal that when the sediment is in incipient motion,the resistances acting on the flow passing the rigid vegetation contain the vegetation resistance and the bed shear stress.This shear stress could be divided into two parts:the grain shear stress and the shear stress caused by sand dunes,which are the deformed bedform with the sediment incipient motion.An empirical relationship between the shear stress of the sand dune and vegetation density,the Froude number,the apparent vegetation layer velocity is developed.     

Determination of the dynamic recrystallization kinetics model for SCM435 steel

The flow stress behavior of SCM435 steel was studied by using a MMS-200 thermal simulation machine, under the conditions with deformation temperatures of 1023–1323 K and strain rate of 0.01–10 s^?1. The experimental results indicated that the critical strain would get smaller with the increment in temperature and the decrement in strain rate, leaving the dynamic recrystallization easier to occur. The peak stress constitutive equation of SCM435 steel under high temperatures was established by the form of hyperbolic sine, and the activation energy of deformation under high temperature was obtained by regression equation. The critical strain ? _c for dynamic recrystallization was accurately derived from the θ-σ curve containing strain hardening rate θ and flow stress σ. Then the correlation between peak stress, peak strain, critical stress, critical strain and the parameter Z was further obtained. The Avrami kinetic equation of dynamic recrystallization for SCM435 steel was developed from stress-strain curve, and the Avrami exponent m was abstracted. Observations also indicated that the Avrami constants would decrease with increments in temperature, but increase with increments in strain rate. The Avrami constant took small influence from the deforming temperature, but significant influence from strain rate, and the correlation between Avrami constant and the strain rate was obtained by regression equation.     

氧化铌掺杂PbO2电极的制备及降解分散蓝B

采用电沉积法制备氧化铌掺杂的钛基PbO2电极,通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和电化学工作站进行表征.结果表明,掺杂氧化铌改变了沉积PbO2的晶型分布,电极表面出现α-PbO2晶型,提高了镀层与基体的结合度及电子传递效率;同时晶体尺寸略有增大,排列规整均匀.氧化铌最佳掺杂质量浓度为3.5 g/L,改性电极的析氧电位上升到1.523 V,阶跃氧化电流达到0.155 9 A,强化寿命延长到702 min,电催化性能和稳定性均有明显提升.利用所制备改性电极降解分散蓝B的最佳降解条件:溶液pH值为2,电解质NaC1浓度为0.7 mol/L,电流密度为40 mA/cm2,1h后脱色率可达89％,脱色动力学可用拟2级反应描述.