A new gas dynamic model for the gas exchange process in two stroke loop and cross scavenged engines

A gas dynamic model is developed to represent the gas exchange process in a cross or looped scavenged engine based on Dedeoglu's⁴ experiments. The scavenge process is considered to be in three phases—a displacement phase, a short-circuiting phase and a mixing phase. The cylinder is subdivided into three zones—an air zone, a gas zone and a mixing zone. Two models are presented to calculate the air and gas flow rates into the mixing zone. One model assumes a constant gas entrainment ratio and the second model a linear variation in the proportion of the cylinder occupied by the gas zone. Calculations presented for a crankcase scavenged engine, show that a good representation may be made of the scavenge process by the new model. The constant entrainment ratio mixing model is less sensitive to input parameters than the second model proposed.     

The use of meditation--relaxation techniques for the management of stress in a working population

The efficacy of meditation-relaxation techniques has been widely researched in the laboratory, but their effectiveness for management of stress in organizational settings is still relatively unexplored. The present study compared relaxation and control conditions as part of a program of stress-reduction in industry. A total of 154 New York Telephone employees self-selected for stress learned one of three techniques--clinically standardized meditation (CSM), respiratory one method meditation (ROM) or progressive relaxation (PMR)--or served as waiting list controls. At 5.5 months, the treatment groups showed clinical improvement in self-reported symptoms of stress, but only the meditation groups (not the PMR group) showed significantly more symptom reduction than the controls. The meditation groups had a 78% compliance rate at 5.5 months with treatment effect seen whether subjects practiced their techniques frequently or occasionally. The safe and inexpensive semi-automated meditation training has considerable value for stress-management programs in organizational settings.     

Characteristics of corona stabilisers with hydrogen?helium fillings

Voltage/current curves, initial voltage drifts and voltage?temperature coefficients have been observed for helium?hydrogen-filled corona tubes with glass envelopes for a range of helium contents.     

Full vector analysis of two-dimensional angled and coated opticalwaveguide facets

We analyze the important problem of scattering from two-dimensional (2-D) optical waveguide facets, including the effects of both antireflection coatings and facet angle. The facet is allowed to be angled in both vertical and horizontal planes, necessitating a fully vectorial approach to model correctly the polarization coupling that occurs. To achieve this, the highly efficient Free Space Radiation Mode method has been extended to the general vector case, yielding novel expressions for both the reflectivity and the coupling coefficients which can be rapidly evaluated on a desktop PC for a wide variety of practical structures. Results are presented for both angled, coated and coated angled facets. Full field profiles, also available from the approach, are presented and provide useful design information and aids to understanding     

Effects of employment-at-will policies and compensation policies on corporate image and job pursuit intentions.

The investigation was of the effects of explicit commitment to employment-at-will personnel policies vs due process policies, and compensation strategy (leading vs average), in recruiting materials, on corporate impressions and job pursuit intentions. Ss were 101 undergraduate business students who read simulated employment brochures. Significant main effects and interaction effects were found for the influence of personnel and compensation policies on reported favorability of corporate impression and intentions to pursue employment. Findings are discussed in terms of the need to strike a balance between employer and employee rights. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The influence of age stereotypes on managerial decisions.

Used an in-basket exercise to investigate the influence of age stereotypes on the simulated managerial decisions of 142 business undergraduates. A "younger employee" and an "older employee" version were created for each of 6 in-basket items covering a variety of managerial problems. Results confirm the hypothesis that stereotypes regarding older employees' physical, cognitive, and emotional characteristics lead to discrimination against older workers. Implications for older workers' motivation and career satisfaction are discussed, and suggestions are made for organizational change to accommodate the special needs of older workers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)