Performance Comparison of Long-Wave Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Between Dyson Form and Offner Form

In view of the difficulties in traditional long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer which is hard to realize a high signal-to-noise ratio and miniaturization as well under the weak remote sensing signal,Offner convex grating spectrometer and Dyson concave grating spectrometer,both having concentric structure,are designed and analyzed in the band of 8-12 μm. The diffraction angle expressions of the two spectrometers are obtained and the diffraction characteristics are acquired. Both of the spectrometers are designed in Zemax environment under different F-numbers and different grating constants with the same slit,spatial resolution,spectral resolution and detector. The results show that Dyson grating spectrometer possesses the advantages of higher throughput and smaller volume, and Offner grating spectrometer possesses the advantage of more accessible material and the absence of chromatic aberration. The differences between Dyson form and Offner form show that the former is a better choice in the long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer.     

“火炬统计报表系统”中平衡关系在SQL Server中的实现

火炬统计报表系统中涉及的数据以及规则较多,为确保数据的完整性,通过对系统中各字段以及字段间数据平衡关系的分析,归纳出平衡关系的实际分类情形,详细介绍不同字段间数据平衡关系在SQL Server 2012中实现的方法。对数据库开发者有一定的指导意义。     

天花坝水电站电气一次改造设计与分析

湖南新宁天花坝水电站的电气设备以及附属设施存在严重的老化现象,从发电的可靠性和供电的经济性两方面,电气一次设备都有改造的必要性,文章对本次改造中的电气主接线方案以及主设备选型进行了比较。     

电磁起重机调磁保磁系统常发故障及改进

介绍了电磁起重机在马钢H型钢厂的应用情况,阐述了调磁保磁系统的作用和功能。针对在实际使用过程中的常发故障,进行了分析和改进。     

Optimization of uncertain acoustic metamaterial with Helmholtz resonators based on interval model

Uncertainties existing in the acoustic metamaterial may strongly affect its unusual properties. Aiming at this actuality, the interval model is introduced to treat with uncertainties existing in the acoustic metamaterial with Helmholtz resonators. Frequency intervals in which the sound intensity transmission coefficients are certainly less than the required value and the effective bulk moduli are certainly negative are defined as conservative approximations. Frequency intervals in which the sound intensity transmission coefficients may be less than the required value and the effective bulk moduli may be negative are defined as unsafe approximations. The proportion of the conservative approximation and the unsafe approximation is defined as an approximate precision. Based on the quantification of uncertainties of the sound intensity transmission coefficients and the negative effective bulk moduli, an optimization model for the interval acoustic metamaterial with Helmholtz resonators is constructed. Numerical results showed that even suffering from effects of interval parameters, unusual properties of the optimized acoustic metamaterial (such as the bandgap of the sound transmission and the negative effective bulk modulus) could be improved.     

一种采用单双跳变的低功耗确定性BIST方案

为实现低功耗和高故障覆盖率,基于单跳变测试技术和2-bit扭环计数器,提出一种新型的单双跳变的确定性测试向量产生器.首先,与一般的确定性测试方案直接存储确定性种子不同,利用ROM存储控制信号并通过单双跳变生成确定性种子和确定性测试向量,这样控制信号的长度约为确定性种子的1/2,有利于降低功耗并节约存储空间.其次,2-bit减法计数器合理地过滤了冗余向量,大大缩短了测试时间并降低总体能耗.最后,为了适应不同的测试需求,还设计了相应的测试向量压缩算法和三种x指定算法.实验结果表明,平均功耗分别降低了42.36%、32.32%、38.94%,测试长度分别减少了77.6%、86.1%、84.3%,测试数据分别压缩了79.4%、65.2%、68.1%.     

Effect of wafer size on the film internal stress measurement by wafer curvature method

Wafer curvature method has been applied to determine the internal stress in the films using Stoney’s equation. During the film deposition, the wafer fixation on the sample holder will restrict the deformation of the rectangle-shaped wafer, which may result in the stress datum difference along length and width direction. In this paper, the effect of wafer size and the wafer fixation on the TiN film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method was discussed. The rectangle-shaped wafers with different length/width ratios (L/W=1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1) were fixed as a cantilever beam. After the TiN films deposition, the profiles of the film/wafer were measured using a stylus profilometer and then the internal stress was calculated using the Stoney equation in the film. The results showed that the fixed end of the wafers limited to some degree the curvature of the wafers along the width direction. For film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method, the wafer profile should be scanned along the length direction and the scan distance should be greater than or equal to half of wafer length. When the length/width ratio of the wafer reached 3:1, the wafer curvature and the calculated stress were basically the same at different positions along the length direction. For film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method, it was recommended that the length/width ratio of wafer should be considered to be greater than or equal to 3:1, and the deformed profile was scanned along the length direction.     

Effect of pore structures on the electrochemical performance of porous silicon synthesized from magnesiothermic reduction of biosilica

Two kinds of porous silicon(PS) were synthesized by magnesiothermic reduction of rice husk silica(RHS) derived from the oxidization of rice husks(RHs). One was obtained from oxidization/reduction at 500 ℃ of the unleached RHs, the other was synthesized from oxidization/reduction at 650 ℃ of the acidleached RHs. The structural difference of the above PS was compared: the former had a high pore volume(PV, 0.31 cm3/g) and a large specific surface area(SSA, 45.2 m~2/g), 138 % and 17 % higher than the latter, respectively. As anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the former had reversible capacity of 1 400.7 m Ah/g, 987 m Ah/g lower than the latter; however, after 50 cycles, the former had 64.5 % capacity retention(907 m Ah/g), which was 41.2 % higher than the latter(555.7 m Ah/g). These results showed that the electrochemical performance of PS was significantly affected by its pore structures, and low reduction temperature played the key role in increasing its porosity, and therefore improving its cycling performance.     

基于FANP的私用飞行驾驶员安全驾驶行为评价模型

为了正确评价私用飞行员的安全驾驶行为,在系统分析飞行运行全过程的基础上,建立了基于模糊网络分析法(FANP)的私用驾驶员安全驾驶行为评价模型.针对模型中三角模糊数互补判断矩阵一致性检验过于复杂的问题,引入了最小方差的非线性规划模型,通过求取最优解以简化计算,获得可信度较高的评价指标权重.以某航校飞行学员的评价为实例进行实证分析,结果表明,该模型较传统评价方式更全面、客观,有助于飞行员的安全驾驶行为训练.     

紧固件表面锰系磷化膜的制备及摩擦磨损性能

为了提高核主泵紧固件的摩擦磨损性能,采用三种磷化工艺在40Ni Cr Mo7钢表面制备了锰系磷化膜.采用多功能材料表面性能测试仪进行了往复摩擦磨损试验,并研究了在有无润滑条件下,不同工艺对磷化膜摩擦磨损性能的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪表征了磨损前后磷化膜表面的组织形貌和化学成分,并分析了其磨损失效机制.结果表明,通过工艺Ⅱ制备的磷化膜具有最优的摩擦磨损性能.磷化膜特有的孔隙结构具有储油能力,有利于改善其摩擦学性能.随着法向载荷的增加,磷化膜的塑性变形增大,抗剪切强度降低,且摩擦系数呈先缓慢下降后急剧上升的趋势.