考虑地层渗透性各向异性的堤防工程三维防渗结构优化分析

在透水地基上修建长堤防工程,堤基防渗结构的渗控效应直接影响堤防的安全运行。根据岷江干流虎渡溪工程库区长堤防工程地质条件,采用三维渗流分析方法,对堤基高喷防渗墙的布置结构进行优化分析。结果表明：高喷防渗墙可有效降低堤后地下水水位,减小库水向堤后低洼保护区域渗漏,但其渗控效应受防渗结构空间展布长度、深度与渗透性以及地层材料渗透性各向异性的影响。满足低洼保护区域不溢出要求的防渗墙最小展布长度随其布置深度的增大和施工质量的提高而减小,防渗墙渗透系数小于1×10^-5 cm/s并将透水性强的覆盖层截断时,其渗控效应明显,若进一步提升防渗墙质量和布置深度则效果不显著。防渗墙质量的提高对堤防渗控效应的提升受地层材料渗透性各向异性的影响较小,而布置深度增大在渗透性各向异性比较大时对渗控效应与防渗结构优化设计的影响较大。随着地层材料渗透性各向异性比的增大,防渗墙所需最小空间展布长度逐渐增大,由各向同性时的180 m增大到220 m,且当渗透性各向异性比较大时,可能有必要增加防渗墙布置深度。     

Multimodal Pre-training Method for Vision-language Understanding and Generation

Most existing vision-language pre-training methods focus on understanding tasks and use BERT-like loss functions (masked language modeling and image-text matching) during pre-training. Despite their good performance in the understanding of downstream tasks, such as visual question answering, image-text retrieval, and visual entailment, these methods cannot generate information. To tackle this problem, this study proposes Unified multimodal pre-training for Vision-Language understanding and generation (UniVL). The proposed UniVL is capable of handling both understanding tasks and generation tasks. It expands existing pre-training paradigms and uses random masks and causal masks simultaneously, where causal masks are triangular masks that mask future tokens, and such pre-trained models can have autoregressive generation abilities. Moreover, several vision-language understanding tasks are turned into text generation tasks according to specifications, and the prompt-based method is employed for fine-tuning of different downstream tasks. The experiments show that there is a trade-off between understanding tasks and generation tasks when the same model is used, and a feasible way to improve both tasks is to use more data. The proposed UniVL framework attains comparable performance to recent vision-language pre-training methods in both understanding tasks and generation tasks. Moreover, the prompt-based generation method is more effective and even outperforms discriminative methods in few-shot scenarios.     

累托石矿物提纯工艺探讨

以B03作分散剂,对湖北省钟祥县杨榨累托石粘土矿物进行了机械搅拌擦洗,使累托石矿物微粒较充分地分散解离,然后通过离心力场的作用,使累托石与水云母、叶腊石、绿泥石、石英等脉石矿物分离,累托石精矿纯度达90％左右,B03的使用为工业生产高纯累托石产品奠定了基础。     

Effect of Acceptor and Donor Dopants on the Dielectric and Tunable Properties of Barium Strontium Titanate

The effects of different concentrations of Mn²⁺, Mg²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, La³⁺, and Nb⁵⁺ on the dielectric and tunable properties of Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃ ceramics were investigated. It was found that doping in small amounts with acceptor ions such as Mg²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Al³⁺ could meliorate the dielectric properties clearly. Decrease of dielectric loss was attributed to the formation of compensating defects originating from acceptor substitution. It was concluded that the tunability was linked to both the dielectric constant and the grain size. A higher figure of merit was obtained by doping the ceramics with smaller ions of Al and Fe, compared to Ti.     

3,5-二氯苯甲酸的合成

考察了在以邻氨基苯甲酸为原料，三氯化铁为催化剂，X为溶剂，直接通氯氯化，再经重氮化合物3，5－二氯苯甲酸的工艺过程中，物料配比，反应湿度等反应条件对收率的影响，确定了合成的适宜条件，通过此合成工艺，产品的收率可达85％以上。     

探讨低温固化涂料固化剂的选用

选择了国内外几种环氧固化剂,配制成环氧树脂涂料,比较了环氧涂料的物理性能和防腐性能,考察了环氧涂料在不同温度下的固化情况,探讨了固化剂对低温施工性能的影响。     

含氟有机化合物氟化反应研究进展

介绍了含氟有机化合物的优点,一些常用的含氟有机化合物的分类和适用性,并介绍了主要的合成方法,按照合成物质的种类分为含氟非成环烷烃类、含氟环烷烃类及其衍生物和各自不同的应用.叙述了引入F原子或引入含氟端基的方法:电化学反应法、聚合反应法和其它反应法.     

有机溶剂下盐酸环丙沙星的荧光特性研究

本文在几种有机试剂(乙醇，甲醇，丙酮)条件下，对盐酸环丙沙星产生的荧光特性进行了初步的研究，并初步探讨了有机溶剂下温度对其荧光强度的影响。     

The crystallization characterization of bulk syndiotactic polystyrene sample: immediate evidence from IR spectroscopy

The crystallization characterization of bulk syndiothactic polystyrene (s-PS) sample is thoroughly studied using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The WAXD is further used to identify the s-PS crystal formation to confirm the specific absorbance in FTIR spectra. Both melt and cold-crystallization behavior are quantitatively determined using FTIR spectra ranging from 870 to 820 cm⁻¹ at 264 °C. Fitting curves to IR spectra provides direct evidence of bulk s-PS crystallization behavior in quantification. The melt-crystallization process yields the β-form only; while the cold-crystallization process yields both the α and the β-form crystal in bulk s-PS sample. The β-form crystal is generated from the phase-transformation of the α-form crystal by cold-crystallization process, the α-form crystal is the initial phase. The activity energy of the α-form formation is lower that that of the β-form, suggesting that the α-form crystal is kinetically favorable while the β-form crystal is thermodynamically favorable.     

合成堇青石陶瓷材料的研究进展

概述了堇青石材料的组成、结构、性能特点及应用领域。阐述了堇青石的合成方法以及基本原理，重点介绍了天然矿物原料合成堇青石的研究进展。