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21.
带热水供应的家用空调器的探讨 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
针对余热回收技术在国内外的研究和应用状况,分析了夏季家用空调器和热水器运行存在的弊端,提出了将两者合二为一的新系统,并分析了该系统的意义。详细阐述了新设备运行的原理及三种工作模式,以及与常规系统比较所具备的特点。同时,本文对于该系统的今后应用,提出了几个应注意的问题。 相似文献
22.
In this paper experiments are described in a bio-disc pilot plant. A new method has been developed for a reproducible measurement of the thickness of the waterfilm on the rotating discs. The results were used to calculate the oxygen transfer coefficient into water (KL). The values of KL, calculated in this way, appeared to be considerably higher than experimental KL-values, which is mainly due to the fact that the water layer on the rotating disc is outdistanced by the disc. This effect has not been taken into account in the literature so far. 相似文献
23.
The dynamics and optimal feedback control of biological waste treatment processes are examined. Modern feedback control theory is applied and results are obtained for both proportional and proportional plus integral control. A dynamic mathematical model of the system is developed by employing a Monod kinetic model, which is modified to account for endogenous metabolism, and a complete mixing flow model in the growth chamber. The feedback control is implemented via the flow rate so as to maintain desired effluent concentrations. External disturbances which cause changes in substrate concentration and/or cell concentration are considered and optimal control effort is applied. Results are also presented for impulse and step changes in the influent substrate concentration. It is found that by changing the values of the weighting factors in the objective function, it is possible to obtain good control of either the effluent substrate concentration or cell concentration. 相似文献
24.
钢管混凝土组合柱的研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文对钢管混凝土组合柱的研究现状进行了概述,并就其发展前景进行了展望. 相似文献
25.
Munschy C Héas-Moisan K Tixier C Boulesteix L Morin J 《The Science of the total environment》2011,409(21):4618-4627
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) were investigated in juvenile common sole from nursery zones situated along the French coast in 2007, 2008 and 2009. Extensive identification was performed with regard to PBDEs, novel BFRs 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE), and other non-PBDE BFRs, namely, hexabromobenzene (HBB) and 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexabromobiphenyl (BB-153). Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations (Σ 14 congeners) ranged from 0.01 ng/g to 0.16 ng/g wet weight (ww) in muscle, and 0.07 ng/g to 2.8 ng/g ww in liver. Concentrations were in the lower range of those reported in the literature in other European locations. Lower PBDE concentrations, condition indices and lipid contents were observed in the Seine estuary in 2009, possibly in relation to a lower water flow. The PBDE patterns and ratios we observed suggested that juvenile sole have a relative high metabolic degradation capacity. Non-PBDE BFRs were detected at lower levels than PBDEs, i.e., within the < method detection limit - 0.005 ng/g ww range in muscle, and < method detection limit - 0.2 ng/g ww range in liver. The data obtained is of particular interest for the future monitoring of these compounds in the environment. 相似文献
26.
Particles and vegetation: implications for the transfer of particle-bound organic contaminants to vegetation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the mechanisms responsible for the transfer of atmospheric particulate deposition and soil particulate re-suspension onto vegetation. The nature of atmospheric aerosols and dry/wet particulate deposition are reviewed, together with information from the literature on radionuclides as tracers of the air particle/soil particle to vegetation transfer processes. Information from these fields is used to make inferences about the potential significance of these pathways in supplying particle-bound semi-volatile organic chemicals (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls) to vegetation. Retention of compounds on particles brought to the above-ground plant surfaces is discussed. In the absence of definitive field/experimental studies, calculations are made drawing on the literature data to estimate the contributions of atmospheric and soil particle-bound organic contaminants to the plant concentration. These show that depending on the site-specific, species-specific and compound-specific scenarios considered, particulate-bound inputs may be negligible or may dominate the supply of organic contaminants to the above-ground portion of plants. However, field/experimental studies and direct measurements are needed to provide reliable quantitative data on this topic. 相似文献
27.
What are the effects of flame behavior of a number of fires burning in close proximity to one another? The results of measurements of burning rates, heat feedback, flame height, and flame trailing are reported for fires involving liquid pools. 相似文献
28.
In this paper, improvement of bond strength for epoxy-coated rebars is studied. Although the epoxy-coated rebar is well accepted as an alternative corrosion prevention method in engineering practice, it still suffers from its poor bond performance, which requires modification of design parameters such as development length and splice length. Following our previous study [Proceedings of the Third Structure Engineering Conference (1996) 651–659], it is proposed to mix the river sand in the epoxy to improve the bond strength of epoxy-coated rebar. Specimens of several sizes of river sand and sand/epoxy weight ratios were studied. The single-rebar pullout test was performed to examine the bond strength. The open circuit potential method and the linear DC polarization method were conducted for corrosion rate measurements to ensure for keeping the merit of epoxy-coated rebar, i.e. the ability of corrosion. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very promising. 相似文献
29.
目前对经济开发过度,从而给古镇带来环境问题的研究比较多,而本文着重从经济建设相对滞后给古镇带来各方面的不利影响出发,阐明经济建设对古镇的保护与发展、古镇历史的延承等方面起着至关重要的作用;强调对古镇居民生活的基础设施建设,提高当地居民的生活水平,这是古镇存在的基础。此外,还尝试探索落后古村落建设特色新城镇的模式。 相似文献
30.
To avoid ground deformation in the process of earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunneling, it is necessary to keep the earth pressure balance on excavation face. However, at present the earth pressure control depends mainly on operation experiences which is hysteretic and could result in slow response to the change of earth pressure. To solve these problem, a predictive control strategy for earth pressure balance during excavation is proposed in this paper, where an earth pressure prediction model taking advance speed and screw conveyor speed as the control parameters is established by means of least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM). Further, by minimizing the difference between the predicted earth pressure and the desired one, an optimization model of the control parameters is established, and solved by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Therefore, an optimal EPB control scheme for shield tunneling automatically is presented here. The simulation results demonstrate that the method presented in this paper is very effective to control earth pressure balance. 相似文献