Problems with the Moscow office

When the new Office Building for the United States Embassy in Moscow was in the final construction stage, visible defects caused work on the building to be suspended; a detailed structural analysis was then carried out by the NBS Center for Building Technology. Its report highlights the problems that can arise both with a structural design — such as guarding against buckling and progressive collapse — and with the detailed execution of that design.     

Equivalent linear limit states

The replacement of any limit state function by an equivalent linear function is discussed in detail and it is shown that there are several methods by which such an equivalence may be established. In the case of multiple failure mode problems the definition of fully equivalent linear functions requires the additional consideration of mode correlations. The manner in which this may be carried out is discussed and it is shown that, for most practical cases, a relatively simple analysis is likely to be sufficient to define the set of equivalent linear limit states, with the advantage that the established theory of such linear limit states may then be employed in the majority of reliability analyses.     

Locating architecture,post-colonialism and culture: contextualisation in Algiers

Through discussion of the case of Algiers, this paper exposes the forces by which architecture as a system of meanings and experiences is affected by a broader network of meaning. It examines how the built environment can contribute to the preservation of cultural values, and can also act as a physical instrument of cultural change. The study of the way that the built environment was produced in Algiers under Ottoman rule (fifteenth – nineteenth centuries), and the subsequent transformations that occurred under French colonialism (nineteenth – twentieth centuries), along with the cultural implications of each period, reveals that the extent to which architecture and culture relate to/affect each other depends on the broader political, economic and social context.     

“城中村”改造的创新思维——以益阳高新区“城中村”改造为例

在城市化进程中,城市建设急剧扩张与城市管理体制改革相对滞后造成了“城中村”的特殊现象。本文以益阳高新区为例,对益阳高新区“城中村”改造所面临问题进行了全面地研究,结合益阳市“城中村”改造政策以及高新区开发建设特点和现状情况,提出了益阳市高新区“城中村”改造的新思路。     

株洲市中心医院的结构设计

较详细地介绍了株洲市中心医院结构的设计过程,包括基础选型,超长地下室,钢结构屋盖设计,以及医疗设备用房相关的荷载取值,防辐射,直线加速器室,高压氧舱的设计要点等,相关设计方法可供同类项目参考。     

Removal of Lissamine Red From Wastewater Using Waste Materials

Feasibility of a waste material, flyash, as a material for purification of wastewater containing Lissamine Red has been studied. Effects of time and concentration, temperature and pH on the removal of the dye have been studied. Lower concentrations favour the uptake of dye from water and the maximum removal was observed at a dye concentration of 20 mgL m 1 , 30°C, pH of 7 and adsorbent particle size of 53 µm. Dynamics of the uptake was studied using Lagergren's equation. The mass transfer coefficient was found to be 0.05 cmmin m 1 at a concentration of 20 mgL m 1 , 30°C and 53 µm particle size.     

Water treatment with silicofluorides and lead toxicity

Toxic metals like lead, manganese, copper and cadmium damage neurons and deregulate neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine (which are essential to normal impulse control and learning). Earlier studies show that — controlling for socio‐economic and demographic factors — environmental pollution with lead is a highly significant risk factor in predicting higher rates of crime, attention deficit disorder or hyperactivity, and learning disabilities. Exposure and uptake of lead has been associated with industrial pollution, leaded paint and plumbing systems in old housing, lead residues in soil, dietary habits (such as shortages of calcium and iron), and demographic factors (such as poverty, stress, and minority ethnicity). We report here on an additional “risk co‐factor” making lead and other toxic metals in the environment more dangerous to local residents: the use of silicofluorides as agents in water treatment. The two chemicals in question — fluosilicic acid and sodium silicofluoride — are toxins that, despite claims to the contrary, do not dissociate completely and change water chemistry when used under normal water treatment practices. As a result, water treatment with siliconfluorides apparently functions to increase the cellular uptake of lead. Data from lead screening of over 280,000 children in Massachusetts indicates that silicofluoride usage is associated with significant increases in average lead in children's blood as well as percentage of children with blood lead in excess of 10μg/dL. Consistent with the hypothesized role of silicofluorides as enhancing uptake of lead whatever the source of exposure, children are especially at risk for higher blood lead in those communities with more old housing or lead in excess of 15 ppb in first draw water samples where silicofluorides are also in use. Preliminary findings from county‐level data in Georgia confirm that silicofluoride usage is associated with higher levels of lead in children's blood. In both Massachusetts and Georgia, moreover, behaviors associated with lead nurotoxicity are more frequent in communities using silicofluorides than in comparable localities that do not use these chemicals. Because there has been insufficient animal or human testing of silicofluoride treated water, further study of the effect of silicofluorides is needed to clarify the extent to which these chemicals are risk co‐factors for lead uptake and the hazardous effects it produces.     

浅谈郑州地铁1号线轨面光带与线路状态之间的关系

在运营维护方面,城市轨道与传统铁路有着密切联系,但因运营特点、线路作业环境不同而又有差异。文章根据地铁维护特点,通过近距离调查轨面光带形态及线路几何尺寸,总结出了光带与线路状态之间的部分关联。     

园林施工新工艺在园林工程中的应用

目前,社会经济在快速发展,人们对自身的生活环境有了更高的要求,这就促进了园林工程建设的发展。园林工程的建设不仅提高了城市的品质,更对生态效益和经济效益有很大的帮助作用。文章主要对园林施工新工艺的应用进行了分析与研究。     

Retail Change in Southern Sydney: Lifestyle-Linked Restructuring?

Examination of the changing composition of shopping centres in suburban Sydney between 1969 and 1998 suggests that retail restructuring is linked to lifestyle changes. The growth in the number of shops appears to have matched population growth in the 1990s, suggesting that the suburbanisation of retailing has stabilised. At the same time there has been increasing diversification in terms of the retail functions which are available and in terms of the places where these are available. These changes appear linked to a blurring of the distinction between shopping and leisure and to the use of shopping as a way of signifying identity.