Chiesa G  Rigamonti E  Lovati MR  Disconzi E  Soldati S  Sacco MG  Catò EM  Patton V  Scanziani E  Vezzoni P  Arnoldi A  Locati D  Sirtori CR 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2008,52(10):1121-1129

Dietary exposure to soy has been associated with reduced breast cancer incidence. Soy isoflavones and protein components, such as protease inhibitors and the lunasin peptide, have been indicated as potential agents reducing carcinogenesis. In this study, the effect of soy-based diets was evaluated in a transgenic mouse model of breast carcinoma, overexpressing the neu oncogene. Neu female mice were fed for 20 wk a soy- and isoflavone-free diet (IFD), 4RF21 laboratory mouse diet, soy-based, thus isoflavone-rich (STD), or AIN-76-based semisynthetic diets with a soy protein isolate (SPI) or an isoflavone-poor soy protein concentrate (IPSP) as protein source. Mice were then sacrificed and tumors removed. Mammary tumor weights were not different in SPI versus IFD and STD fed mice. In contrast, mice fed IPSP showed reduced tumor progression versus IFD and STD groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, IPSP fed mice showed lower bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into breast tumor cells compared to STD and SPI fed animals (p < 0.02). Lung metastases were detected in 80% of IFD fed mice, in 70% of mice fed STD and SPI, and only in 50% of the IPSP fed animals. These results indicate that a diet containing an isoflavone-poor soy protein concentrate may inhibit breast tumor progression and metastasis development.  相似文献   

    

Bruno Marongiu  Alessandra Piras  Silvia Porcedda  Enrica Tuveri 《Flavour and Fragrance Journal》2006,21(4):718-724

Wood of Santalum album and resin of Boswellia carterii Birdw. were used to obtain their volatile oils by means of supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide. Different extraction conditions were tested: 90 bar, 45 °C; 120 bar, 60 °C; and 120 bar, 45 °C. On both matrices, a good process performance was obtained working at 120 bar and 45 °C (density of CO₂ = 0.658 g cm⁻³) in the extraction vessel, at 20 bar and 15 °C in the separator and at CO₂ flow of 1.5 kg/h. At these conditions the higher yields were obtained: 1.9% for S. album and 6.5% for B. carterii. The main compounds contained in the sandalwood volatile oil were: α‐santalol (46.1%), β‐santalol (20.4%), epi‐β‐santalol (6.8%) and trans‐α‐bergamotol (5.4%). In the corresponding HD essential oil the α‐santalol and β‐santalol contents were lower: 35.0% and 14.0%, respectively. The volatile oil of B. carterii were made up of incensole acetate (32.0%), octanol acetate (25.1%), incensole (17.8%) and phyllocladene (7.7%). The percentage of the main constituents in the oil obtained by HD was quite different. It contained larger amounts of octanol acetate (45.2%) and phyllocladene (13.2%) and lower amounts of incesole (6.1%) and incensole acetate (13.0%). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Giacomo Riccucci  Martina Cazzola  Sara Ferraris  Virginia Alessandra Gobbo  Marta Miola  Antonella Bosso  Gissur Örlygsson  Chuen How Ng  Enrica Verné  Silvia Spriano 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(3):1697-1710

An extract of polyphenols was obtained from organic red grape pomace, chemically analyzed, and used for functionalization of two bioactive glasses and porous hydroxyapatite. Functionalization is effective on hydroxyapatite and the bioactive glass with higher surface reactivity with a different grafting mechanism. Grafting does not inhibit redox and radical scavenging activity of polyphenols. The grafted polyphenols make a continuous layer with an almost complete surface coverage. Polyphenols are released with different kinetics according to the mechanism of grafting and maintain their redox activity. A homogeneous thin layer of polyphenols is still firmly grafted on both substrates after 28 days of soaking and it still maintains radical scavenging activity. The functionalized samples can be sterilized by gamma irradiation.  相似文献   

    

Lorenza Pastorino  Bruna Dalmasso  Eleonora Allavena  Irene Vanni  Filippo Ugolini  Gianna Baroni  Michela Croce  Antonio Guadagno  Francesco Cabiddu  Virginia Andreotti  William Bruno  Gabriele Zoppoli  Lorenzo Ferrando  Enrica Teresa Tanda  Francesco Spagnolo  Chiara Menin  Rosaria Gangemi  Daniela Massi  Paola Ghiorzo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(24)

ATM germline pathogenic variants were recently found enriched in high-risk melanoma patients. However, ATM loss of heterozygosity (LOH) has never been investigated in melanoma and, therefore, a causal association with melanoma development has not been established yet. The purpose of this study was to functionally characterize 13 germline ATM variants found in high-risk melanoma patients—and classified by in silico tools as pathogenic, uncertain significance, or benign—using multiple assays evaluating ATM/pATM expression and/or LOH in melanoma tissues and cell lines. We assessed ATM status by Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot, Whole-Exome Sequencing/Copy Number Variation analysis, and RNA sequencing, supported by Sanger sequencing and microsatellite analyses. For most variants, IHC results matched those obtained with in silico classification and LOH analysis. Two pathogenic variants (p.Ser1135_Lys1192del and p.Ser1993ArgfsTer23) showed LOH and complete loss of ATM activation in melanoma. Two variants of unknown significance (p.Asn358Ile and p.Asn796His) showed reduced expression and LOH, suggestive of a deleterious effect. This study, showing a classic two-hit scenario in a well-known tumor suppressor gene, supports the inclusion of melanoma in the ATM-related cancer spectrum.  相似文献   

    

Markus Mohr  Rainer Wunderlich  Rada Novakovic  Enrica Ricci  Hans-Jrg Fecht 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2020,22(7)

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Mariella Rosalia  Enrica Chiesa  Erika Maria Tottoli  Rossella Dorati  Ida Genta  Bice Conti  Silvia Pisani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)

Nowadays, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a challenge for antibiotic therapy, mostly involving Gram-negative bacteria. Among the strategies activated to overcome AMR, the repurposing of already available antimicrobial molecules by encapsulating them in drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles (NPs) and also engineered NPs, seems to be promising. Tobramycin is a powerful and effective aminoglycoside, approved for complicated infections and reinfections and indicated mainly against Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Providencia, and Citrobacter species. However, the drug presents several side effects, mostly due to dose frequency, and for this reason, it is a good candidate for nanomedicine formulation. This review paper is focused on what has been conducted in the last 20 years for the development of Tobramycin nanosized delivery systems (nanoantibiotics), with critical discussion and comparison. Tobramycin was selected as the antimicrobial drug because it is a wide-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, and it is characterized by a fast bactericidal effect, even against multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDR).  相似文献   

    

Bruno Lamanna  Marina Vinciguerra  Miriam Dellino  Gabriele Cascella  Gerardo Cazzato  Enrica Macorano  Antonio Malvasi  Salvatore Scacco  Ettore Cicinelli  Vera Loizzi  Antonella Vimercati  Gennaro Cormio  Francesco Paduano  Eliano Cascardi  Marco Tatullo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)

Turner syndrome (gonadal dysgenesis with short stature and sterility) is characterized by chromosomal karyotype 45,X in 50% of cases or by mosaicism (45,X/46,XX and 45,X/46,XY) in 30–40% or X structural defects (deletions, long arm isochromosome, ring chromosome). When mosaic Turner syndrome (TS) occurs with a Y chromosome, there may be ambiguous genitalia. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an inherited neuromuscular disease with an X-Linked recessive pattern of inheritance that predominantly affects males, while females are usually asymptomatic. DMD has also been observed in groups of females affected by TS, not homozygous for the mutation. Here, we report a case of an Indian neonate born with ambiguous genitalia diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound who had a karyotype of 45,X/46,XY and who also had Duchenne muscular dystrophy caused by a de novo mutation in the DMD gene. Physical examination was normal without the typical dysmorphic features of TS with the exception of the genitourinary system showing ambiguous genitalia. Gender was assigned as female. At the age of three years, she had increasing difficulty walking, running, jumping and climbing stairs, proximal upper and lower extremity muscle weakness and a positive Gowers’ sign. In addition, the serum creatine kinase (CK) value was over 30X the upper limit of normal. This study shows that DMD can occur in females with TS having 45,X/46,XY mosaicism and that this coexistence should be considered in women affected by TS who start to develop potential typical symptoms such as motor or developmental delay.  相似文献   

    

Ivana Miletto  Chiara Gionco  Maria Cristina Paganini  Erik Cerrato  Leonardo Marchese  Enrica Gianotti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)

Upconversion (UC) nanoparticles characterized by red upconversion emission, particularly interesting for biological applications, have been prepared and subsequently modified by the covalent anchoring of Verteporfin (Ver), an FDA approved photosensitizer (PS) which usually exerts its photodynamic activity upon excitation with red light. ZrO₂ was chosen as the platform where Yb³⁺ and Er³⁺ were inserted as the sensitizer and activator ions, respectively. Careful control of the doping ratio, along with a detailed physico-chemical characterization, was carried out. Upon functionalization with a silica shell to covalently anchor the photosensitizer, a theranostic nanoparticle was obtained whose architecture, thanks to a favorable energy level match and a uniform distribution of the PS, allowed us to trigger the photodynamic activity of Ver by upconversion, thus paving the way to the use of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in deep tissues, thanks to the higher penetrating power of NIR light.  相似文献   

    

Manuela Moriggi  Sara Belloli  Pietro Barbacini  Valentina Murtaj  Enrica Torretta  Linda Chaabane  Tamara Canu  Silvia Penati  Maria Luisa Malosio  Antonio Esposito  Cecilia Gelfi  Rosa Maria Moresco  Daniele Capitanio 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)

Obesity is a chronic, complex pathology associated with a risk of developing secondary pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and musculoskeletal disorders. Since skeletal muscle accounts for more than 70% of total glucose disposal, metabolic alterations are strictly associated with the onset of insulin resistance and T2DM. The present study relies on the proteomic analysis of gastrocnemius muscle from 15 male and 15 female C56BL/J mice fed for 14 weeks with standard, 45% or 60% high-fat diets (HFD) adopting a label-free LC–MS/MS approach followed by bioinformatic pathway analysis. Results indicate changes in males due to HFD, with increased muscular stiffness (Col1a1, Col1a2, Actb), fiber-type switch from slow/oxidative to fast/glycolytic (decreased Myh7, Myl2, Myl3 and increased Myh2, Mylpf, Mybpc2, Myl1), increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction (decreased respiratory chain complex I and V and increased complex III subunits). At variance, females show few alterations and activation of compensatory mechanisms to counteract the increase of fatty acids. Bioinformatics analysis allows identifying upstream molecules involved in regulating pathways identified at variance in our analysis (Ppargc1a, Pparg, Cpt1b, Clpp, Tp53, Kdm5a, Hif1a). These findings underline the presence of a gender-specific response to be considered when approaching obesity and related comorbidities.  相似文献   

    

Debora Napoli  Martina Biagioni  Federico Billeri  Beatrice Di Marco  Noemi Orsini  Elena Novelli  Enrica Strettoi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(10)

In retinitis pigmentosa (RP), one of many possible genetic mutations causes rod degeneration, followed by cone secondary death leading to blindness. Accumulating evidence indicates that rod death triggers multiple, non-cell-autonomous processes, which include oxidative stress and inflammation/immune responses, all contributing to cone demise. Inflammation relies on local microglia and recruitment of immune cells, reaching the retina through breakdowns of the inner blood retinal barrier (iBRB). Leakage in the inner retina vasculature suggests similarly altered outer BRB, formed by junctions between retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, which are crucial for retinal homeostasis, immune response, and privilege. We investigated the RPE structural integrity in three models of RP (rd9, rd10, and Tvrm4 mice) by immunostaining for zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), an essential regulatory component of tight junctions. Quantitative image analysis demonstrated discontinuities in ZO-1 profiles in all mutants, despite different degrees of photoreceptor loss. ZO-1 interruption zones corresponded to leakage of in vivo administered, fluorescent dextran through the choroid-RPE interface, demonstrating barrier dysfunction. Dexamethasone, administered to rd10 mice for rescuing cones, also rescued RPE structure. Thus, previously undetected, stereotyped abnormalities occur in the RPE of RP mice; pharmacological targeting of inflammation supports a feedback loop leading to simultaneous protection of cones and the RPE.  相似文献