FAST健康监测数据采集系统开发研究

对500m口径大射电望远镜(Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope,简称FAST)健康监测系统基础组成部分—FAST健康监测数据采集系统进行开发研究.分析了FAST传感器选型影响因素,结合传感器自身适用标准进行具体选型,完成了基于所选传感器的硬件系统设计,运用Labview平台开发了与FAST监测系统相适应的采集软件系统,形成一套完整的基于虚拟仪器技术的FAST健康监测数据采集系统.FAST30m模型试验是FAST建设过程中的关键步骤,通过在模型试验中的成功应用,表明该系统可为将来FAST健康监测系统的完善提供重要支撑条件.     

螺栓球节点试验及在单层网壳结构中的应用性

为充分利用螺栓球节点的抗弯刚度,实现其在单层网壳结构中的应用,针对螺栓球节点开展力学试验研究,配合以精细化的有限元分析,获得节点的抗弯性能,并采用弯矩-转角关系来描述.利用ANSYS程序,采用弹簧单元模拟节点弯曲与扭转性能并将试验获得的弯矩-转角关系引入节点属性中,构建了螺栓球节点单层网壳的有限元模型.在此基础上系统开展了网壳结构的稳定性能研究.结果显示:采用螺栓球节点的网壳对于荷载不对称分布较为敏感,而且失稳过程中总伴随有节点的弯折效应;单层球面网壳的极限承载力最低可达到对应刚性节点网壳的32%,最高则超过98%,而单层柱面网壳则仅为10%,这表明此类节点可以应用在单层球面网壳中,但不宜在单层柱面网壳中采用.     

一般均质地面承载力现场试验

为了评判施力盘作用下地面的承载安全,进行了一般均质地面承载力静态与动态荷载现场试验.采用平板载荷静态加载方法进行了模拟施力盘静态荷载的平板载荷试验,根据相似准则π定理进行了缩比施力盘动载试验.在现场试验的基础上研究了静载条件下沉降量随时间变化的S-t曲线,不同尺寸承载板在相应载荷作用下的地面土体沉降量之间关联关系的P-S/D曲线及动、静荷载下载荷与沉降量关系的P-S曲线以及动静载荷对比的P-S曲线.分析结果表明:对于进行现场试验的均质地面,S-t曲线表明静态加载方法合理;P-S/D曲线在极限载荷内呈线性比例关系;动载下的沉降量S远远小于静载条件下的沉降量S,动载下的土体变形刚度较静载下的变形刚度高,瞬间动态荷载造成的地面沉降可忽略.     

圆钢管空间滞回性能试验

为考察圆钢管空间滞回性能、获得考虑损伤累积的材料本构模型,设计并开展了圆钢管空间滞回试验.试验加载装置可用于空间三向加载.考虑构件长细比及不同空间加载方案的情况,确定了不同截面及长度的30根试件,加载方案为5种.通过试验方案优化,实现了圆钢管空间加载的模拟,并获得了这些试件的荷载位移滞回曲线及典型部位的应变曲线.试验结果表明:圆钢管具有良好的滞回性能,在很大的位移作用情况下,仍能保持良好的耗能能力.为后续开展符合圆钢管截面钢材的本构模型研究奠定基础.     

Tissue response of an osteoinductive bioceramic in bone defect rabbit model

HA/TCP and HA rods (?5 mm×10 mm) were made for implantation in New Zealand white rabbit with different condition. Sixty three rabbit were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=18), group 2 (n=27) and group 3 (n=18). In group 1, 10 mm radius was defected, and one HA/TCP rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 2, also, 10 mm radius was defected, one HA rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 3, two HA/TCP rods were implanted in the dorsal muscle of the rabbit with bone intact. Histological observation showed that in group 1, some new bone was found only two months after implantation (n=2), and obvious immature woven bone could be observed in these bioceramics from the 3^rd month on. However, in group 3, bone began to be found 6 months after implantation (n=2). In group 2, we could not find any bone tissue up to 9 month’s observation. These results suggest that, first, the bone defect model could significantly accelerate bone formation at non-osseous sites in rabbits; second,. HA/TCP bioceramics were confirmed with osteoinductive property while HA bioceramics without osteoinductive property nearly. Thus, bone defect might be a good animal model for further researches for osteoinductive bioceramics.     

Preparation of YAG powder by co-precipitation method in a narrow pH-change environment

YAG(Y3Al5O12) powder was prepared by co-precipitation method.To avoid pH values changing intensely during titration process,the 4 3 NH HCO solution with 4 3 NH NO was used as precipitant solution.The pH change of precipitant solution during titration process,compositions of precursor,phase formation process and morphology of the prepared powder were investigated by means of pH meter,FT-IR,XRD and TEM.The results show that the presence of 4 3 NH NO in 4 3 NH HCO solution is crucial to alleviate the pH change,lower the calcination temperature and meliorate the morphology of YAG powder.The mechanisms were studied in detail.The YAG phase can be obtained at a lower temperature of 900 ℃.The obtained powder,composed of elliptical particles,showed a meliorated morphology.     

基于主轴分析和团块特征提取的ISAR目标检测方法

传统的目标ISAR成像特征提取方法,对其能量分布、局部关键性质考虑不足。考虑到一般强散射点主要分布在目标主轴附近,文中提出了一种基于ISAR目标主轴分析的团块特征提取方法,首先通过强散射点坐标矩阵求得目标主轴方向及目标中心;在此基础上沿目标能量的主要分布范围对目标进行团块分割。提取到的团块特征,避免了强散射点对弱散射点几何结构表现能力的抑制,既可以反映目标直观特征,又可以较好反映目标的能量分布细节。仿真结果证明文中提出的方法是有效的。     

一种无线传感器网络预配置对密钥的改进方案*

针对预配置对密钥管理方案存在的缺点,引入一个临时初始密钥和混沌加密算法,提出一种预配置随机对密钥的改进方案。该方案能够使加密密钥随机地改变,且可以更新密钥,提高了网络抗破译的能力,实现了对称和非对称密钥体制的结合。分析表明该方案在安全性、密钥连通性、内存需求和密钥协商的计算量等方面有一定的优势,易于在Mica2节点上软件实现。     

上海电网中长期负荷预测

介绍了上海电网概况,分析了网供负荷特性,以及近期影响上海地区负荷的因素,并使用不同的预测方法给出了中长期负荷和用电量的方案.最后针对上海地区的特点,提出了提高负荷预测准确性和应对本地区电网严峻形势的对策和建议.     

基于蚁群算法的遥感图像聚类方法

聚类分析是遥感图像非监督分类的有效方法,蚁群算法具有离散性和并行性的特点,蚂蚁觅食行为、蚂蚁堆积尸体行为和基于蚂蚁自我聚集行为的聚类算法是目前研究较为广泛的3种基于蚂蚁的仿生聚类算法.为验证上述3种算法的有效性,在对这3种聚类算法进行研究的基础上,针对遥感图像进行了聚类实验.实验结果表明,基于蚂蚁的聚类方法对图像的聚类分析是有效的,较传统的k均值和模糊C均值算法有一定优越性.