Toughness and R-curve behaviour of laminated Si3N4/SiCw ceramics

Laminated Si₃N₄/SiC_w ceramics were successfully prepared by tape casting and hot-pressing. Its mechanical properties were measured and the impact resistance was discussed. The toughness of the laminated Si₃N₄/SiC_w ceramics was 13.5 MPa m^1/2, which was almost 1.6 times that of Si₃N₄/SiC_w composite ceramics, namely 8.5 MPa m^1/2. Moreover, the indentation strength of laminated Si₃N₄/SiC_w ceramics was not sensitive to increasing indentation loads and exhibited a rising R-curve behaviour, indicating that the laminated Si₃N₄/SiC_w ceramics had excellent impact resistance. The improved toughness and impact resistance of laminated Si₃N₄/SiC_w ceramics was attributed to the residual stress caused by a thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the different layers, resulting in crack deflection and bridging of SiC whiskers in the interface layer, thus consuming a large amount of fracture work.     

Synthesis of nanopowders with low agglomeration by elaborating Φ values for producing Gd2O3-MgO nanocomposites with extremely fine grain sizes and high mid-infrared transparency

Refining ceramic microstructures to the nanometric range to minimize light scattering provides an interesting methodology for developing novel optical ceramic materials. In this work, we reported the fabrication and properties of a new nanocomposite optical ceramic of Gd₂O₃-MgO. The citric acid sol-gel combustion method was adopted to fabricate Gd₂O₃-MgO nanocomposites with fine-grain sizes, dense microstructures and homogeneous phase domains. Nanopowders with low agglomeration and improved sinterability can be obtained by elaborating Φ values. Further refining of the microstructure of the nanocomposites was achieved by elaborating the hot-pressing conditions. The sample sintered at 65 MPa and 1300 °C showed a quite high hardness value of 14.3 ± 0.2 GPa, a high transmittance of 80.3 %–84.7 % over the 3?6 μm wavelength range, due mainly to its extremely fine-grain size of Gd₂O₃ and MgO (93 and 78 nm, respectively) and high density.     

超低排放改造后烟气余热利用设备存在问题及防治措施

随着火电厂超低排放改造的普遍应用，低温省煤器等烟气余热利用设备获得了广泛应用。本文针对烟气余热利用设备在实际工程应用中所存在的低温腐蚀、磨损、积灰堵塞以及振动等问题，分析了形成原因及主要影响因素，提出了选用耐低温腐蚀性能优异的材料制造换热器，合理设计受热面结构型式，控制烟气流速和受热面金属壁温，加装吹灰设备以及导流板和防振隔板等防治对策，有效地解决了烟气余热利用设备所存在的低温腐蚀、磨损、积灰堵塞以及振动等问题。     

复杂难选铁矿石悬浮磁化焙烧-高效分选技术

针对传统铁矿石磁化焙烧技术与装备存在焙烧产品质量差、产能低、能耗高和环境污染严重等问题，创造性提出了一种“预热-蓄热还原-再氧化”悬浮磁化焙烧新工艺。该工艺具有原料适应性广、焙烧产品质量均匀、回收率高、生产能耗低、无污染等特点，适合处理赤铁矿、褐铁矿、菱铁矿及其混合型难选铁矿石。通过多年的潜心基础研究与技术攻关，形成了非均质矿石颗粒悬浮态流动控制、蓄热式高效低温还原、铁物相精准调控与余热同步回收等一系列关键技术，建成了500kg/h复杂难选铁矿石悬浮磁化焙烧-高效分选半工业试验平台。     

日本新型二次电池工业发展及其与中国的比较

在新型二次电池产业的发展中,氢镍电池市场不断萎缩,锂离子电池市场正处于黄金时代。通过对日本和中国新型二次电池产业发展历程分析,我国主要针对低端市场,高端市场为日本占据,并从日本发展经验中提出了可供我国锂离子电动车电池发展的借鉴之处。     

基于小角度高位技术的钻孔初采期瓦斯治理

回采工作面初采期瓦斯涌出不均衡,易出现瓦斯超限现象。针对新源煤矿近距离煤层群开采、瓦斯涌出量大等特点,提出了小角度高位钻孔抽采治理初采期瓦斯的方法;2219工作面应用实践表明,初采期内,小角度高位钻孔抽采瓦斯纯量最高5.25m3/min,瓦斯抽采率64.02%,回风流瓦斯浓度最高为0.32%,上隅角最高瓦斯浓度0.96%,未出现瓦斯超限现象,取得了很好的初采期瓦斯治理效果。     

Cathode plasma electrolytic deposition of Al2O3 coatings doped with SiC particles

Semiconductor particles doped Al₂O₃ coatings were prepared by cathode plasma electrolytic deposition in Al(NO₃)₃ electrolyte dispersed with SiC micro- and nano-particles (average particle sizes of 0.5–1.7?µm and 40?nm respectively). The effects of the concentrations and particle sizes of the SiC on the microstructures and tribological performances of the composite coatings were studied. In comparison with the case of dispersing with SiC microparticles, the dispersion of SiC nanoparticles in the coatings was more uniform. When the concentration of SiC nanoparticles was 5?g/L, the surface roughness of the composite coating was reduced by 63%, compared with that of the unmodified coating. Friction results demonstrated that the addition of 5?g/L SiC nanoparticles reduced the friction coefficient from 0.60 to 0.38 and decreased the wear volume under dry friction. The current density and bath voltage were measured to analyze the effects of SiC particles on the deposition process. The results showed that the SiC particles could alter the electrical behavior of the coatings during the deposition process, weaken the bombardment of the plasma, and improve the structures of the coatings.