焦化柴油全馏分非加氢精制(Ⅰ)——润滑油糠醛精制抽出液加助剂小试

以抚顺石油二厂润滑油糠醛精制装置抽提塔底抽出液为溶剂,对该厂焦化柴油进行了抽提小试研究。采用单因素实验方法,考察精制温度、助剂与油的质量比、剂油体积比等操作条件对精制效果的影响。确定出使焦化柴油安定性指标符合一级品要求的适宜精制条件,即精制温度为70℃,助剂与油的质量比为0.005,剂油体积比为1.0,精制时间为30 min,沉降时间为30 min。     

Effect of wall wettability condition on drift-flux parameters in lead–bismuth two-phase flow in circular and annular bubble columns

Lead–bismuth two-phase flow in a cylindrical vessel and annulus was experimentally investigated by varying the surface wettability of the vessel wall. The test section used in this study was a cylindrical stainless vessel with/without inner sleeve to change the hydraulic diameter. Volume-averaged void fraction was measured by varying the surface wettability of the test section, which was enhanced by using a soldering flux. Measured void fraction was compared with existing two-phase flow correlations and with one-dimensional theoretical simulations assuming one-dimensional drift-flux model. From experimental results, measured distribution parameters of the lead–bismuth two-phase flow are much larger than that of ordinary two-phase flow regardless of the surface wettability. In the present work, the one-dimensional analysis was carried out for the cylindrical vessel to reproduce the distribution parameter. From the simulation results, predicted value for the cylindrical vessel showed good agreement with experimental results. However, in annulus, the distribution parameters in annulus were underestimated by the present model. It was suggested that, in case of annulus, steeper void fraction profile might be formed near the inner surface for poor wettability condition.     

人体头发中重金属元素铬含量的高光谱检测

头发中的重金属含量可以反映出人体健康的变化。提出了运用高光谱数据检测头发中重金属元素铬含量的方法。对头发的透射率波长曲线进行了包络线消除、吸收特征参量化等处理。以化学检测的铬含量作为标准数据,化学检测精度可达90%以上。然后训练人工神经网络,通过调节网络的隐含层层数、结点数和激活函数来优化模型。实验计算表明,隐含层层数为1,结点数为7或9的人工神经网络的预测效果较好。利用统计实验结果对人工神经网络的内部精度和外部精度进行评价。人体头发中铬的敏感波段为1380 nm～1550 nm、1880 nm～2100 nm、2120 nm～2210 nm;训练后的神经网络预测的均方根误差为13%,精度达87%。实验结果表明,应用高光谱技术可以快速无损地检测人体头发中的重金属元素铬的含量。     

Improved Active Islanding Detection Technique for Multi-Inverter Power System

Due to the increased penetration of multi-inverter distributed generation (DG) systems, different DG technologies, inverter control methods, and other inverter functions are challenging the capabilities of islanding detection. In addition, multi-inverter networks connecting the distribution system point of common coupling (PCC) create islanding at paralleling inverters, which adds the vulnerability of islanding detection. Furthermore, available islanding detection must overcome more challenges from non-detection zones (NDZs) under reduced power mismatches. Therefore, in this study, a new method called parameter self-adapting active islanding detection was utilized to minimize the dilution effect and reduce NDZs in multi-inverter power systems. The method utilizes an active frequency drift (AFD) method and applies a positive feedback gain of adoption parameters, which significantly minimizes NDZs at parallel inverters. The simulation and experimental outcomes indicate that the proposed method can effectively weaken the dilution effect in multi-inverter networks connecting the distribution system PCC.     

聚乙烯胺填料改性剂在文化用纸生产中的应用

探讨了聚乙烯胺填料改性剂对文化用纸生产的影响.结果表明,聚乙烯胺填料改性剂既能够提高填料留着率,又能够提高纸张的抗张强度、改善纸张的匀度,同时还可以降低聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的用量和针叶木浆的配比,对降低生产成本有很好的作用.     

管幕工法和新管幕工法对比性研究

本文通过介绍地下工程中所使用管幕工法的应用原理、优缺点、施工方法,并和新管幕工法进行对比,分析了两者的区别以及新管幕工法的优越性与工程应用。     

30 kt/a两段中和沉淀法饲钙装置的设计与生产

针对国内小型饲钙厂产品质量难以稳定、劳动强度大等问题，介绍了30kt/a两段中和沉淀法饲钙装置的设计特点和操作控制要点。着重讨论了一中和终点的pH值对产品中m(P2O5/F）的影响和主要工艺指标的控制，并对大型饲钙装置的设计和生产提出了若干建议。     

CuO‐filled aminomethylated polysulfone hybrid membranes for deep desulfurization

CuO‐filled aminomethylated polysulfone hybrid membranes were prepared for sulfur removal from gasoline. The as‐prepared membranes were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The separation performance of the hybrid membranes was evaluated by pervaporation (PV) separation of n‐heptane/thiophene binary mixture. CuO‐filling leads to a decrease in permeation flux. The sulfur‐enrichment factor increased first and then decreased with increasing CuO loading, and it is worth noting that there is a rebound in enrichment factor above 8 wt % CuO loading. Influencing factors such as nitrogen content, feed temperature, sulfur content, and various hydrocarbons on membrane PV performance were also evaluated. Permeation flux of 23.9 kg·μm·m^?2·h^?1 and sulfur‐enrichment factor of 3.9 can be achieved at 4 wt % CuO loading in PV of n‐heptane/thiophene binary mixture with 1500 μg·g^?1 sulfur content. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3718–3725, 2013     

小口径管道清洗修复技术在江苏油田的应用

对管道化学清洗工艺和风送挤涂修复材料性能进行了研究，探讨了厚浆型涂料用于高压注水管道内防腐蚀涂层的应用效果，介绍了小口径管道清洗修复技术在江苏油田的现场应用情况：修复管道内径小于92mm，压力大于25MPa，一次性通过弯头数达46／km，挤涂长度1．78km。由此探索出一条适应江苏油田小口径管道清洗修复的新路子。     

稳定薄规格带钢生产的措施及效果

本文分析了热轧薄板厂生产薄规格板材的优势及难点,着重介绍热轧薄板厂近年来稳定薄规格带钢生产,提高薄规格产品产量的主要措施及取得的效果。