Optimum tracking with evolution strategies

Evolutionary algorithms are frequently applied to dynamic optimization problems in which the objective varies with time. It is desirable to gain an improved understanding of the influence of different genetic operators and of the parameters of a strategy on its tracking performance. An approach that has proven useful in the past is to mathematically analyze the strategy's behavior in simple, idealized environments. The present paper investigates the performance of a multiparent evolution strategy that employs cumulative step length adaptation for an optimization task in which the target moves linearly with uniform speed. Scaling laws that quite accurately describe the behavior of the strategy and that greatly contribute to its understanding are derived. It is shown that in contrast to previously obtained results for a randomly moving target, cumulative step length adaptation fails to achieve optimal step lengths if the target moves in a linear fashion. Implications for the choice of population size parameters are discussed.     

Frequency multiplexed superconducting quantum interference device readout of large bolometer arrays for cosmic microwave background measurements

A technological milestone for experiments employing transition edge sensor bolometers operating at sub-Kelvin temperature is the deployment of detector arrays with 100s-1000s of bolometers. One key technology for such arrays is readout multiplexing: the ability to read out many sensors simultaneously on the same set of wires. This paper describes a frequency-domain multiplexed readout system which has been developed for and deployed on the APEX-SZ and South Pole Telescope millimeter wavelength receivers. In this system, the detector array is divided into modules of seven detectors, and each bolometer within the module is biased with a unique ～MHz sinusoidal carrier such that the individual bolometer signals are well separated in frequency space. The currents from all bolometers in a module are summed together and pre-amplified with superconducting quantum interference devices operating at 4 K. Room temperature electronics demodulate the carriers to recover the bolometer signals, which are digitized separately and stored to disk. This readout system contributes little noise relative to the detectors themselves, is remarkably insensitive to unwanted microphonic excitations, and provides a technology pathway to multiplexing larger numbers of sensors.     

Efficient blind dereverberation and echo cancellation based on independent component analysis for actual acoustic signals

This letter presents a new algorithm for blind dereverberation and echo cancellation based on independent component analysis (ICA) for actual acoustic signals. We focus on frequency domain ICA (FD-ICA) because its computational cost and speed of learning convergence are sufficiently reasonable for practical applications such as hands-free speech recognition. In applying conventional FD-ICA as a preprocessing of automatic speech recognition in noisy environments, one of the most critical problems is how to cope with reverberations. To extract a clean signal from the reverberant observation, we model the separation process in the short-time Fourier transform domain and apply the multiple input/output inverse-filtering theorem (MINT) to the FD-ICA separation model. A naive implementation of this method is computationally expensive, because its time complexity is the second order of reverberation time. Therefore, the main issue in dereverberation is to reduce the high computational cost of ICA. In this letter, we reduce the computational complexity to the linear order of the reverberation time by using two techniques: (1) a separation model based on the independence of delayed observed signals with MINT and (2) spatial sphering for preprocessing. Experiments show that the computational cost grows in proportion to the linear order of the reverberation time and that our method improves the word correctness of automatic speech recognition by 10 to 20 points in a RT??= 670 ms reverberant environment.     

基于GIS的城市管网管理系统的设计与实现

本文介绍了采用MapX开发城市管网信息系统的具体过程,并对系统的设计原则、结构设计及功能设计等方面的内容进行了深入分析;为城市规划及管理部门提供了科学管理、科学建设城市的决策依据。     

中国近海海域环境放射性水平调查

总结中国在过去40年中对近海海域环境放射性的调查结果，介绍了中国近海海域中天然和人工放射性核素的水平，海洋生物对放射性核素的吸收与累积，以及海洋沉积物对放射性核素的吸附。     

世界钽原料供应的现状与趋势

通过论述当今世界钽金属的主要应用领域，钽原料供应的主要种类，剖析了当今世界钽原料的主要来源－钽精矿以及提供钽精矿的钽矿床的成因特征，矿床类型及矿床开采的基本方法。结合钽矿物的物理性质、表面性质差异和矿物在各种酸碱溶液中的溶解度的变动等，提出了回收钽矿物的常用选别方法：重选法、磁选法、电选法、浮选法的适用范围、基本特点，并提出了钽矿床、钽矿物开采回收钽精矿的基本工艺。在分析所有种类钽资源的开采、回收成本的基础上，结合钽工业发展的实际，对五类钽原料的供应状况、供应趋势做了进一步的分析。     

大容量汽轮机设计方案

就大机组的热力系统和蒸汽参数的变化对其热效率的影响作了分析，通过３种不同的方案进行了详细比较，一台超临界压力的８００ＭＷ机组的热效率可比亚临界压力的６００ＭＷ机组的高３％，如将超临界蒸汽参数从２４０ｂａｒ，５４５／５６５℃提高到３００ｂａｒ，５８０／６００℃，其热效率可进一步提高３．２％，文章用大量篇幅阐述了在提高蒸汽参数的条件下，汽轮机的结构的改进和高强度耐热合金的应用等。     

Optical diagnostics of mercury jet for an intense proton target

An optical diagnostic system is designed and constructed for imaging a free mercury jet interacting with a high intensity proton beam in a pulsed high-field solenoid magnet. The optical imaging system employs a backilluminated, laser shadow photography technique. Object illumination and image capture are transmitted through radiation-hard multimode optical fibers and flexible coherent imaging fibers. A retroreflected illumination design allows the entire passive imaging system to fit inside the bore of the solenoid magnet. A sequence of synchronized short laser light pulses are used to freeze the transient events, and the images are recorded by several high speed charge coupled devices. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis using image processing based on probability approach is described. The characteristics of free mercury jet as a high power target for beam-jet interaction at various levels of the magnetic induction field is reported in this paper.     

气静压轴承及其在电主轴中的应用

介绍了气静压轴承的特性、基本结构型式以及国内外气静压轴承电主轴的应用状况。以实际应用的电主轴为例,剖析了气静压轴承电主轴的性能和基本结构特点。     

变频器在电机控制中的应用研究

本文根据变频器工作原理，探讨了变频器的应用及效能，分析了变频器在电机控制中应用的特点和功能。